...Testament was written approximately between AD ¬¬¬_45___ and _100___ (1). 3. What materials were the New Testament documents written upon (1)? Leather and paper scrolls 4. What are the original New Testament document called (1, 2)? autograph 5. What is a codex in reference to the early New Testament writings (2)? Modern day books 6. What is the name of the Latin codex collection (2)? Ta Bibla 7. In the study of the New Testament, to what does the term canon refer (2)? Authoritive books 8. What three languages did God choose as the media for his self-revelation (2)? Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek 9. The Old Testament was primarily written in ____Hebrew__ (2). 10. Parts of the Old Testament were written in __Aramaic____ (2). 11. The New Testament was written in __Greek____ ______(2). 12. New greek______ ______was the language of the common people during the first century AD (2). 13. Why do you think God allowed the autographs to vanish (3)? To avoid biliolatry 14. In spite of the absence of the autographs, approximately 5,000 Greek manuscripts and an additional 13,000 fragments of the New Testament documents exist, providing significant manuscript evidence for New Testament scholars (3). compared to early writings 15. Motivators for canonizing the New Testament include the heretic _marcion_______ and the heretical movement, ___gnostisism_______ (3). 16. Marcion was a ___church bishop__________ who held a negative view of God as presented in the Old Testament (3). 17. Marcion...
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... | | | |Christian Doctrine or Christian Unity? | |There seems to be a great deal of controversy about “doctrine”. To those outside the Church the mere mention of the word | |conjures up visions that range from “outdate historical notions” to “things that Christians fight over”. It does not fair much | |better inside many churches. Today the mention of doctrine seems to carry an almost negative connotation to it. There are many | |prominent leaders inside of Christianity today who make an impassioned plea for us to ignore doctrine and just “love Jesus”. Are| |these valid requests? Is God the one behind all of this? Is doctrine on its way out? We hear comments such as, “let the body of | |Christ come together”, and “leave your doctrine and return to Jesus” resonating in the messages of many pulpits and songs today.| | | |Why is this so? What are the reasons for this type of plea coming from Christians? These arguments take many forms, but follow | |the same basic pattern. The following points can be seen in a majority of them. The pattern is similar to this: | |First...
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...Dr. Na Religion 207 Dec 11, 2015 Stilling of the Storm The canonical gospels are a result of the spreading of the news of the death and resurrection of Jesus. Therefore, they must be studied when interested in gathering an account of Jesus’ life and death. The synoptic gospels include the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. It is assumed that the author of the Gospel According to Mark wrote his gospel first and therefore becomes a blueprint for the gospels of Matthew and Luke. Therefore the synoptic gospels have similar events, structure, and timeframes. One major event in all three synoptic gospels is the story of the stilling of the storm. Assuming markan priority, this paper will discuss the Gospel According to Mark’s command that Jesus uses to rebuke the wind and sea: “Peace! Be still!” The stilling of the storm is a triple tradition event, meaning it is found in the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. This event is contained in the passages of Mark 4:35-41, Matt 8:23-27, and Luke 8:22-25. Some similarities throughout this particular event are very evident and can be shown through the main course of events in the pericope. The first similarity is all gospels have Jesus asleep in the boat during a storm. Another similarity is that Jesus rebukes the natural elements and comments on the disciples’ lack of faith. Another important similarity is that the disciples question the authority of Jesus when the wind and water obey him. These three similarities lay out the foundation...
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...Jonas A. Dumangcas Mech – Tech 1A Mr. Terence Maceren RS 111A October 7, 2013 INTRODUCTION (LIFE OF JESUS CHRIST ) It is not a fairy tale or a fable, for the story of Jesus has been documented by not only reliable New Testament writers but by major historians as well. It is a story that can be exciting to you and might possibly change your life. Jesus was born in the year 4 B.C., in the city of David, Bethlehem. He was born of the virgin Mary, fathered in her by the Holy Spirit of God. Angels announced to the world in beautiful song, glory to God in the highest and on earth peace among men with whom He is well pleased. One angel in particular announced to them, "Behold I bring you good news of great joy, for to you is born this day in the city of David a Savior who is Christ the Lord." Thus the shepherds were invited to pay homage to the new King. Wise men were called from afar by the shining of a glorious star. Later old Simeon and old Anna saw their life's ambition come to pass as they viewed the new child, the Savior, as God had promised them they would before they died. Jesus was raised in the small rural town of Nazareth, where His adoptive father, Joseph, taught him to use the tools of a carpenter. It was hard work, work requiring much manual labor, skill, an eye for construction and body that could bear up to hours of sweating in the hot sun. It produced hands made coarse from touching rough wood. For many years Jesus...
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...beginning the christian life “Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has gone, the new has come! All this is from God, who reconciled us to himself through Christ...” 2 Corinthians 5:17-18 If you have accepted Jesus Christ as your personal Savior and Lord, then you are a Christian. According to the New Testament, you are also a new creation. You are beginning a whole new life! And just as a newborn baby needs certain things in order to be healthy and to grow up, so do you, as a new Christian, need certain things to grow spiritually. First, you need to be in fellowship with other Christians. It is through fellowship that you will learn more about God and about how to live as a Christian. You should plan to attend church regularly and join a kinship group so that you can develop close friendships with other believers. Vineyard has many kinship groups that meet on different days and in different locations throughout central Ohio. Choose one that is convenient for you so that you can be encouraged in your new relationship with God! Second, you need to pray, which is simply talking to God. Prayer is how you will grow in your relationship with God and how you can begin to allow Him to work in areas of your life. And third, you need to read the Bible on a regular basis. It is through the Bible that God will speak to you about Himself and your life needs. Beginning the Christian Life Series was developed by Vineyard Christian Fellowship of Columbus for new...
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...in the early church; Social studies show these values and behaviors make a difference in the outcome of children. These values have made a significant impact on businesses when applied. We will look at what these values and behaviors are along with the impact in three areas the family, the church and the community. Therefore, the main concentration of this paper will be to bring out the Biblical teaching on the role of family individually and in the church and its affect. When a believer fully understands what biblical family is they will become strong as individuals, family and produce strong churches along with stronger communities. When reference is made to family the family concept of the bible is applied if not otherwise noted. What are the Strong Family Values and Behaviors? “By way of definition: THE HOME IS A SPIRITUAL RELATIONSHIP (INSTITUTION) ESTABLISHED BY GOD FOR MAN’S GOOD AND GOD’S GLORY” (Donnie S. Barnes, 2012). How to we build strong families “by paying attention not only to individual family members but to the family as a group. This is rarely done in the American home” (Wulf., 2005). When the group is left out of family and attention only on the individual the group fails to function as a group. The family functions as selfish individuals that just exist. The following is the characteristics of a strong Christian home: (1) A family that is truly Christian is Christ-like...
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...10 Conclusions 11 Bibliography 13 Introduction Within the past few decades the interest in eschatology has shattered all previous interest in the subject. This has been in part to greater interest in Scriptural literature and also due to popularization of biblical dramatization. The modern push of interest is based on books and movies like The Late Great Planet Earth, or The Left Behind series. These publications are themselves based on theological arguments but place them in emotionally driven drama’s that attune people to want to relate to them, and in many cases believe these renditions without any critical evaluation. In the developing twenty centuries of the Christian faith there have been many disagreements on theology, doctrine, practice, and canon of scripture which were settled time and again by coming together and debating the issues and measuring those controversies and made a decisions on what was within the boundaries of acceptability of Christianity, it has been within the last few centuries that the time tested definitions of Christian theology have been razed to the ground and new systems have been rebuilt. Under the new schematics of self-appointed theologians and Christian leaders an innovative understanding of the Escahton and eschatology has supplanted traditional theology with an emphasis on emotionalism, escapism, literalism, futurism, and adherence to and understanding of God’s covenants that places Christians, followers of God’s Messiah, second...
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...LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Synoptic Problem Submitted to Professor Laurie Schweinsberg., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of the course NBST 510 New Testament Introduction by Jacqueline Goldston June 2, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………1 UNDERSTANDIN THE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM…………………………..2 SIMLARITIES BETWEEN THE GOSPELS………………………………..3 HISTORY OF THE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM………………………………..6 A PROPOSED SOLUTION TO THE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM……………..7 THE TWOFAVORED SOLUTIONS………………………………………..8 DEFENDING TWO GOSPELS HYPOTHESIS (GRIESBACH)…………..9 CONCLUSION …………………………………………………………….12 BIBLOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………13 1 INTRODUCTION The Synoptic problem can be a very difficult subject to understand at times. When you take a look around or start asking question of your bible scholars or even your casual readers of the Bible you find out people don’t even realize there is a Synoptic problem. There seems to be many different proposed solutions that will fix the problem. Some accepted and some of which has very little support at all. When you read you see that there are different scriptures in the bible that shows a level of agreement in the content of reading, and seems as if the authors have borrowed each other’s writings’ or used the same materials in research they had in common. However, even though they...
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...One God Apologetic Paper (Joseph Smith) - May 1995 Contents Introduction The Muslim View The Christian Response What the Scriptures say The history of the word 'Trinity' 'Trinity' defined Common misconceptions Can 1+1+1=1? Is Jesus not merely human? The ignobility of God's humanity Was Jesus begotten? Where was God when Jesus was on Earth? Is Mary God? Is the concept of the Trinity not borrowed from a pagan source? Conclusion A: Introduction A few years ago I received a letter from a colleague in India who had been approached by two Muslim teachers, in Bihar, with the request for: "A statement of Christian faith which would compare with the five principles of Muslim teaching." This list concerns The Beliefs of Iman, a group of five to six beliefs which all Muslims must adhere to, and which has, consequently become a sort of 'Statement of Faith' for the Muslim religion. The list includes the: belief in One God (Allah) belief in the Prophets belief in the Holy Books belief in Angels belief in the Day of Judgment belief in the Decrees or the Predestination of God (Allah). I decided to write a Christian response to the six beliefs. This is the first response, concerned with the belief in one God (Tawhid). Because this paper is initially written for Muslims, it must be made understandable to them. For that reason I have left out many Christian religious terms which they would not be familiar with, and have kept the parameters of my response within...
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...Raptured before the Great Tribulation Brian Dugal Theology 104 Spring Semester 2014 Professor: Dr. William Bryant Introduction The Rapture and the Great Tribulation seem to be gaining popularity with Christians as well as non-believers throughout the nation. Recently, there have been films made and books written that depict what the world is going to be like just prior to the second coming of Christ. Many have recently become intrigued by the ideas of the rapture and the great tribulation, and after reading the books of Thessalonians and Revelation I can see why. An abundance of vivid and descriptive words are used by John of Patmos, the author of the book of Revelation, to describe what we shall see during the Tribulation period. In Revelations 9:17, John describes his idea of the coming tribulation as “The horses and riders I saw in my vision looked like this: Their breastplates were fiery red, dark blue, and yellow as sulfur. The heads of the horses resembled the heads of lions, and out of their mouths came fire, smoke and sulfur” (Rev. 9:17). This description of the tribulation is very powerful and awe-inspiring. Theological Definition of Rapture Paul wrote awe inspiring words in his litters to the Thessalonians describing the rapture stating, “then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air” (1 Thess. 4:17). The word “rapture” doesn’t appear in any English translations of the Bible...
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...Lesson 13 *September 22–28 (page 104 of Standard Edition) Keeping the Church Faithful (2 Thess. 2:13–3:18) sabbath afternoon Read for This Week’s Study: 2 Thess. 2:13–3:18, Acts 17:11, Luke 10:25–28, Matt. 7:24–27, 18:15–17. Memory Text: “So then, brothers, stand firm and hold to the traditions that you were taught by us, either by our spoken word or by our letter” (2 Thessalonians 2:15, ESV). Key Thought: Even with all the grand and glorious promises for the future, we have to deal with daily challenges and struggles in the church. The Thessalonian church was no exception. hurches are a lot like plants. If a plant does not grow, it will die. In other words, change is wired into the way plants were designed by God. Similarly, a church that does not change and grow also will die. But not all change is good. Change can lead us away from who we are. It can cause us to lose touch with God’s purpose for us. The Seventh-day Adventist Church must be especially on guard because this present-truth message is being proclaimed by no one but us! That’s a heavy responsibility—one we all, whether laity or ministry, must never forget. Through revelation and Spirit-guided consensus, God has led the church to even more light. The light of the past helps the church to navigate its way through the treacherous waters of change. Paul’s final word to the Thessalonians gives us inspired guidance in this crucial area. *Study this week’s lesson to prepare for Sabbath, September 29. C 149 S...
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...2nd Century AD): Joachim and Anne[4] Mary (Hebrew: מִרְיָם, Miriam; Aramaic: Maryām; Arabic:مريم, Maryam), variously called Saint Mary, Mother Mary, the Virgin Mary, the Theotokos, the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mary, Mother of God, and, in Islam, as Maryam, mother of 'Isa, was an Israelite[5] woman of Nazareth in Galilee who lived in the late 1st century BC and early 1st century AD, and is considered by Christians to be the first proselyte to Christianity. She is identified in the New Testament[Mt 1:16,18-25][Lk 1:26-56][2:1-7] and in the Qur'an as the mother of Jesus through divine intervention. Christians hold her son Jesus to be "Christ" (i.e. the messiah), and Muslims regard him as an important prophet of God. The canonical gospels of Matthew and Luke describe Mary as a virgin (Greek παρθένος, parthénos).[6] Traditionally, Christians believe that she conceived her son miraculously by the agency of the Holy Spirit. Muslims believe that she conceived by the command of God. This took place when she was already betrothed to Saint Joseph and was awaiting the concluding rite of marriage, the formal home-taking ceremony.[7] She married Joseph...
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...Josh Colvin THEO 202-B06 Professor Marshall Wicks Eschatology: Is this the end? 7/7/16 Although there are several areas within theology that spark immense interest, eschatology seems to be the most intriguing. Concerning the majority of the Bible, things have already come to pass, history has already been written. However, with eschatology, this is not the case. Because so much is known about the past and so little regarding the future, eschatology is nonetheless a mystery; When will the end begin? What is to be expected once it happens? Is this the end? Such questioning and wonder surround this ominous and looming subject that I undoubtedly and inevitably had to write about it. Throughout the entirety of eschatology’s longevity, philosophical presuppositions, historical indications, biblical evidence, and theological structure consistently unravel certain aspects of this topic, yielding distorted or modified views of this intense and difficult subject. Interestingly enough, because of its unidentified occurrence, suspicion and speculation arise concerning exactly how and when the demise of the entire planet will take place. As expected with any form of speculation or interpretation, eschatology obviously has some intense critique and competition. In other words, other sciences continuously challenge the integrity of theology, specifically philosophy, and propose substantial and significant arguments. Ultimately, it seems...
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...influence of papal authority and the effect that it had over Christianity. The collapse of the Roman Empire brought order to not only orthodoxy, but also the government. Throughout this essay, it is my desire to touch on these areas. In addition, I will also discuss some of the contributing factors to the dominion of Western Europe and what happened up until the Reformation. The effect of the barbarian invasion and the continuation of Western Civilization during the Middle Ages, is truly a time within history that impacts the church and its association with supremacy. The How And Why Of The Papacy And The Power It Had In understanding the significance of the papacy and the power it had, it only makes sense to begin with a good solid definition of it. “The term pappa, from which the word “pope” is derived, originated in ancient colloquial Greek as an endearing term for “father,’ and was then applied, beginning in the third century, to Eastern patriarchs, bishops, abbots, and eventually parish priests.” [1]. Throughout Rome and the Western part of the Empire, this term “became reserved for the bishop of Rome,” and later became “official in the eleventh century with the reign of Pope Gregory VII.” [2]. Walter Elwell, goes on to explain that the papacy was indeed a succession of the government and the Roman Catholic Church. While some argue that the power was biblical, others misused the supremacy of political power based on the cultural atmosphere during the...
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...LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Theology of Missions Submitted To Dr. Augusto Rodríguez In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Completion Of GLST 500-D05 global studies survey By Clarence Hudson November 8, 2014 Contents Introduction 1 Old Testament and New Testament Texts Related to Mission 2 The Nature of God Relates to Mission 5 Mission Theology Relates to Other Aspects of Theology 6 Key Themes and Motifs of Mission Theology 8 Mission Theology Related to the Missionary, Church Leaders and Lay People 10 Conclusion 11 Bibliography) 12 Introduction “Mission is what we do.” It describes the specific task of making disciples of all the nations. It also includes your neighbor, church, employment, relatives, friends, across town, or in different states. Mission is not just one of a list of things that the Bible happens to talk about, it is somewhat more urgent than some. Mission is, “what it’s all about. With that said, this paper will visit the Old and New Testament in relations to missions, how the nature of God is reflected in missions, how mission theology relates to other aspects of theology, key motifs found in missions theology, as well as how missions relates to missionaries, church leaders and lay people. Old Testament and New Testament Texts Related to Mission In the beginning God created heaven and the earth. (Genesis 1:1KJV) He was on a mission to form the world and when he created...
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