...Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Foreign Literature On-job-training is commonly used in tourism and hospitality organizations. With this method, the trainer teaches job skills and knowledge to one trainee, primarily at the work station. Theoretically, it is the best type of training because it incorporates many of the learning and training principles. There are four steps in the individual on-job-training method; Training preparation, Training Presentation, Trainee Practice and Demonstration and Coaching. (Hayes 2008) R. Waryszak (1999) cited that according to Casado in one of the few studies which specifically investigated the perceptions of hospitality students, attempted to identify some of the basic expectations of students recruited by hospitality organisations. He found that students had “fairly realistic” expectations before they graduated. Most students expected to be successful in seeking employment as trainee managers. He concluded that, although the students’ expectations were realistic, the turnover of these students in the hospitality industry seems to be high. There is a probability that recruiting organisations might create false expectations and/or lack adequate induction programs. Waryszak (1999) also quote Barron and Maxwell surveyed three groups of students: first year hospitality management course students; students who returned from their cooperative education placements to complete the course and newly graduated employees from...
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...Top Three Business option that I prefer to be Engaged I believe I am on the right path to achieve my goals. I now anxiously await the next phase in my development. I know that my skills along with my experience will continue to aid in achieving my long-term objective. Hospitality Service Sector Hospitality Industry is growing very rapidly and Nepal has tremendous potential for tourism development because of its unique natural and cultural heritage. Now in Nepal, tourism policy has been formulated with the aims of: increasing national productivity and income; increasing foreign currency earnings; creating employment opportunities; improving regional imbalances and projecting the image of Nepal more assertively in the international arena; through the development and diversification of the Hospitality industries. Information Technology Information Technology (IT) is a broad term that includes all aspects of managing and processing information and related technologies. Information technology professionals are responsible for designing, developing, supporting and managing computer hardware, computer software, and information networks, including the Internet. The real world applications of information technologies can be found everywhere. In fact, IT is likely already a part of your life in ways you may not even be aware. Volunteer or join a board One of the best ways to keep our skills up to date is simply using them. Nonprofit organizations are always looking for skilled...
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...Management Information Systems for Tourism Hospitality Organisation Using Management Information Systems for Tourism Hospitality Organisation CONTENTS Introduction to the Project 2 Introduction to McDonald 3 Role of MIS within Tourism and Hospitality context 4 Importance of Management Information System for Hospitality and Tourism Industry 6 Use of IT System in an Organization to attain Competitive Advantage 7 Type of Database and Data warehousing in Tourism and Hospitality 9 Use of E-Commerce and MIS in the Industry 11 System Design Requirements of Tourism and Hospitality Business 14 Use of IT to Support Customer Relation Management 16 Role of Enterprise Resource Planning in Tourism and Hospitality 18 IT Security Issues within the Tourism and Hospitality Industry 20 Ethical and Privacy Issues on Use and Storage of Data. ...
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...monopolist is defined as a single supplier that constitutes the entire industry. For a firm to obtain a monopoly in an industry, basically, there must be barriers to entry that enable the firm to receive monopoly profits in the long run. We define barriers to entry as the difficulties facing potential new competitors in an industry. The following are examples of barriers to entry in the industry: 1. Lack of availability of inputs This may happen if one firm owns the entire supply of a raw material input that is essential to the production of a particular commodity. 2. Government regulations and exclusivity agreements In many industries, it is illegal to enter without a license provided by the government. For instance, it is necessary to obtain a license from the Independent Broadcasting Authority before you can manage an independent television service. 3. Patents A patent is issued to an inventor to protect him from having the invention copied for a period of years. At the end of the patent period, the patented invention is no longer private property but public property which anyone can copy or reproduce. 4. Brand image The brand image is taken to represent a high quality. Hence, it is often difficult or costly for entrants to attract consumers away from the well-known brand, especially as the dominant firm may employ price cuts to deter potential entrants to the industry. 5. Problem in raising adequate capital Some firms need...
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...the hospitality sector. By Group: Twinkling Stars Name Roll Sujan Sarker 27 Gayatri Saha 29 Md. Rubel Miah 42 Nasrin Akhter 45 Rothy Das Chaiti 46 Md. Kuraisin Hossain 66 BBA Program (4th batch) THM-222: Human Resource Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management University of Dhaka Dhaka, Bangladesh 2012 Letter of Transmittal 27 November, 2012 Mr. Md. Shariful Alam Khandakar Lecturer Dept. of Tourism and Hospitality Management Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Dear Sir, It is a great pleasure for me to submit the summary on “Stresses in Hospitality Sector”. This study has given me the opportunity to know about job stress of hotel industries. The experiences that I have gathered through this study will help me in our future career, indeed. I would like to convey my special thanks and gratitude to Md. Shariful Alam Khandakar for condescending my effort & for giving me proper guidance and valuable advice. I try to my best to cover all the relevant fields. I will be honored to provide you any additional information, if necessary. Sincerely Yours, Group: Twinkling Stars BBA 4th Batch Dept. of Tourism and Hospitality Management ...
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...Effects of Social Media on Hospitality/Tourism Name: Institution: Date: Introduction Since the turn of the century, there has been an upsurge in the use of social media. As a result, many tourism organizations that include hotels, travel agencies, and airline companies have started using the internet as one of the important tools in marketing and communication strategies. Many businesses within the hospitality industry rely on good reviews from their customers, and social media is offering this as a natural marketing tool (Bennet, 2012). The use of social media have become very widespread, and the travelers use these sites consistently to brag about their great experiences as well as express displeasure with poor experiences. This is a natural way through which the social media is impacting the hospitality and tourism industry. After realizing the power of social media, businesses are also leveraging on the wide presence of customers in social media to communicate, engage, and market their services and products to the customers (Guzel & Sengun, 2015). The growth of social media has had immense impacts on social media that range from marketing, communication, and even corporate social responsibility. This paper conducts a literature review on the effects of social media on hospitality and tourism. Literature Review According to Mahmood A Khan (2012), the benefits of social media can be very helpful in marketing and management in hospitality and tourism. He states that...
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...02/11/15 BUS 590: Innovative Business Models for the ‘Next’ Economy Team A: Congying Ling | Devon Nobles | Sai Prashant Boy Reddy | Snehal Ramtekkar Introduction J.W. Marriot founded the Marriot Corporation (MC) in the year 1927. The main business of this corporation was developing hotel properties around the world and selling them to outside investors while retaining lucrative long-term management contracts. By 1991, MC had around 202,000 employees ranking it as the 12th largest employer in the United States. The 1986 tax reform act ended most of the tax incentives for real estate investment. In order to maintain its reputation, MC continued to invest in Real Estate development activities till the market collapsed in 1990. MC started focusing on contract and management opportunities that required less capital. This along with a complete halt of real estate operations helped MC to improve from its position in 1990 but it was not still very far from its former glory. Bollenbach had served as treasurer of MC in the early 1980s and returned to MC as CFO in February 1992. His proposed solution to bring MC out of its troubles is “Project Chariot”. Under Project Chariot, MC would become two separate companies. One of the companies would be named Marriott International Incorporated (MII), which would comprise of MC’s lodging, food and facilities management businesses, as well as the management of its life-care facilities. The existing...
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...Effects of Social Media on Hospitality/Tourism Name: Institution: Date: Introduction Since the turn of the century, there has been an upsurge in the use of social media. As a result, many tourism organizations that include hotels, travel agencies, and airline companies have started using the internet as one of the important tools in marketing and communication strategies. Many businesses within the hospitality industry rely on good reviews from their customers, and social media is offering this as a natural marketing tool (Bennet, 2012). The use of social media have become very widespread, and the travelers use these sites consistently to brag about their great experiences as well as express displeasure with poor experiences. This is a natural way through which the social media is impacting the hospitality and tourism industry. After realizing the power of social media, businesses are also leveraging on the wide presence of customers in social media to communicate, engage, and market their services and products to the customers (Guzel & Sengun, 2015). The growth of social media has had immense impacts on social media that range from marketing, communication, and even corporate social responsibility. This paper conducts a literature review on the effects of social media on hospitality and tourism. Literature Review According to Mahmood A Khan (2012), the benefits of social media can be very helpful in marketing and management in hospitality and tourism. He states that...
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...Category: Business Autor: reviewessays 03 December 2010 Words: 2449 | Pages: 10 Marriott Corporation and Project Chariot The Marriott Corporation (MC), had seen a long, successful reign in the hospitality industry until the late 1980s. An economic downturn and the 1990 real estate crash resulted in MC owning newly developed hotel properties with no potential buyers in sight and a mound of debt. During the late 1980s, MC had promised in their annual reports to sell off some of their hotel properties and reduce their burden of debt. However, the company made little progress toward fulfilling that promise. During 1992, MC realized that financial results were only slightly up from the previous year and their ability to raise funds in the capital market was severely limited. MC was left with little choice, as they had to consider some major changes within the company if they wished to remain a successful business. Thus, J.W. Marriott, Jr., Chairman of the board and president of MC, turned to Stephen Bollenbach, the new chief financial officer, for ideas and guidance. Bollenbach, who had a reputation for creating innovative financial structures in the hotel industry, proposed a radical restructuring for MC. Bollenbach’s proposal included breaking MC into two separate entities. The new company would retain the service businesses of MC and have the financial strength to raise capital and take advantage of various investment opportunities. On the other hand, the old company would retain...
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...Finance in the Hospitality Industry TASK 1: Sources of Finance and costs Sources of funds are very important to decide management decisions as well as long term strategies of any organisation. As per the Sharan (2005, pp. 210-218) following funding methods should be noted. Retain Profits. Increasing the revenue and reducing the cost this can be increased in a systematic manner. Bank Loans. It is advisable to go for a loan under lower interest rate. Because if the loan interest rate is higher than the company's return on investment, then it will cause liquidity problems in the future. Bank Overdraft facility This is subject to higher interest rate and recommended only for a limited time period. Issuing share to the public Ordinary shares less cost to the organisation but more power has been given to them. But preference share has less controls over the company but subject to a higher cost to the organisation since they have to pay pre-determined dividends on time. Franchise option. This is recommended to expand the business chain with an association with medium scale merchants to promote company's products and goodwill. Hire purchase schemes This also important to manage the cash flow situations of the organisation without investing higher capital for equipment’s & plants. Lease Schemes This also important if the company have not greater funds to invest for their assets. But this is subject to higher interest cost. Credit purchases This is important...
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...Evaluation on pasta When I cooked my pasta I forgot some of my ingredients therefore I had to use my initiative and cooked it the way that I thought would be best to complement all the ingredients that I had brought with me in the end it all turned out alright this is reflected in the star profiles of when other people tasted it. Next time I cook it I might add either tuna or meatballs this will enhance the flavours and also give it more depth taste wise. When I was presenting my pasta I put them in the middle of my plate and arranged them so that they were in a square in the middle, after that I got a piece of tissue and wiped the edges of the plate where there was some sauce. I did this so that my dish looked professional and more appealing to the eye. In the lesson I had set my self a time frame so that I would have enough time to clean the dishes. My time frame was thirty minutes which I abided by and ended up finishing 15 minutes early which was a strength because I got more time to finish cleaning up my area. The recipe was easy to follow because the steps were clear and easy to read this is because the language used in the text was not too formal. When other people tasted my food they complemented me on the use of Italian herbs, I got no criticism, which I was pleased with. I would say that some of my strengths were that I used my initiative and used the ingredients that I had and I did not let forgetting some of the ingredients affect the final product (pasta dish). A...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (To summarize the whole paper) 1.0 Industry Background SAMA resort, located at Kuala Linggi Malacca, is a 5-acre resort area by a beautiful sandy beach, artistically landscaped with ten chalets and with the features of traditional Malay houses. The beautiful wooden chalets equipped with all the modern utilities signified the success of turning traditional Malay houses deserted by the youngsters who inherited them from their forefathers, could be salvaged and turned into fitting accommodations for tourists and holiday-makers. On average, the total amount of revenue earned from visitors is those who interested into food, accommodation and recreational activities at the resort. 2.0 Existing Manual Operation / Processes Most of the business operations and transactional activities are managed manually by the owner, En Annuar considering that it is a small-medium sized resort. The owner and employees of the resort perceived the implementation of Information Systems (IS) solutions into their business operations as tedious and unworthy having the mindset that it will be an expensive initiative on top of consideration of risk to deal with complicated procedures. 2.1 Customer Handling Process of room reservation manually had causing a lot of inconvenience and unpleasant experience to the customers. This will directly influence the sales and profit of the resort. During working days, the room reservation only can be done via phone booking in PJ office. If customer...
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...African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Vol. 4 (1) - (2015) ISSN: 2223-814X Copyright: © 2014 AJHTL - Open Access- Online @ http//: www.ajhtl.com The perceived contribution of South African arts festivals to the performing arts: standardisation of the measurement scale *Dr SC Pretorius Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Department of History, Politics and Tourism, NorthWest University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa. E-mail: corne.pretorius@nwu.ac.za, Tel: 018 389 2303, Fax: 018 389 2504, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, South Africa, 2735. Dr P Viviers North-West University, South Africa. Dr K Botha North-West University, South Africa. * Corresponding Author Abstract The standardisation of a measurement scale to measure an arts festival‟s contribution to the performing arts is described. The measurement scale, namely the questionnaire, is based on literature, where the contributing factors, namely economic, emotional, educational, marketing, quality and growth and development contribution of an arts festival to the performing arts are determined based on the perception of the festival visitor. The scale proved to be a valid measure, as the exploratory factor analysis on the combined data of Innibos and Vryfees (n = 982) supported construct validity and criterion validity. Further validity was proven by a confirmatory factor analysis on the data of KKNK (n = 602). CFA fit indices also indicate that the model has a satisfactory fit with the data...
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...Report Macdonald’s 1.What are the chief economic and business characteristics of the fast-food industry? First, fast food restaurants represent one of the largest segments of the food industry. In 2003 sales for US consumer food-service market totaled approximately $408 billion. The sandwich sales represented $64 billion and the future growth in this segment was expected to be only around 2% annually. McDonalds and Burger King were the earliest and most aggressive hamburger chains to begin to expand around the world. Lasr few years , there was an explosive growth in foreign markets offset slowing growth in the United States and with the economic downturn, more people are cutting back on how much they spend when eating out, and therefore, are turning to fast food restaurants. 2.What does your 5-forces analysis of the fast-food industry tell you about the competition facing McDonald’s? With the Porter 5 forces model we identify that in general MacDonald and its competitors (Burger King, Wendy’s, Hardee’s, Jack in the Box, Sonic) are active in making fresh moves to improve their market standing and business performance by introducing innovation in their product and launching a lot of outlets. With those substitute products competitors need to compete on price and convenience Secondly, buyers are more focusing on value and healthy foods = it can force McDonald and its competitors to offer product innovation to attract buyers and match with buyers requirements...
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...to learn new tasks. I would like to work for Marriott hotel because it is local to my area of residence. The Marriott Hotel is also in the Forbes 100 good companies to work for which is also very promising. I also would like the chance to work in the Marriott as the Marriott is a multinational business which means I will be encourages developing on my existing but basic levels of French and German speaking. Finally I would like to work for the Marriott as they serve the general public and this is something I really enjoy. I am enclosing a copy of my curriculum vitae, which gives details of my qualifications, skills and my experiences. As you can see I achieved an NVQ level 2 in hospitality, which I believe gives me a good advantage in this job area. Alongside my studies I have also been employed in Mc Donald’s. This has taught me planning and helped me to exercise punctuality. I also have 2 months work experience as a shop assistant. This position has developed my communication skills and teamwork abilities; it has also touched upon sales. With both these jobs held I gained what I believe excellent teamwork skills as well as the ability to work very well independently. Also I am very capable of speaking clearly and authoritively all of which help me to communicate effectively to others, this I believe make me a suitable candidate for this job role. I am also familiar with Windows-based systems and proficient with Office 2010 and MS Word, I am also a computer literate which believe...
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