...one or two causes, which could be class, race, age, or gender related. This paper will summarize a crime story, and tell how the race affects the media, and the public perception of the crime. A 20 year-old active duty solider named, Tevin Geike, was stabbed to death last Sunday morning, October 6, by his fellow Army men, who are African-American, while walking at a block in Lakewood. The victim, who at the time was with some companions, an all-white male, were on their way back from the club at 2 a.m., to the Joint Base Lewis-McChord, after celebrating his upcoming discharge from the military. A vehicle carrying the accused suddenly stopped by, and the men in the car yelled at the victim and his friends, and began name calling and hurling racial slurs such as “cracker”. When Geike retaliated by shouting back at the group in the car, that’s when trouble started. The men in the car turned around their vehicle towards where the victim and his friends were walking, got out of the car, and after a verbal confrontation, one of them stabbed the 20-year old Army soldier. Geike’s fellow soldiers saw him fall to the ground as the suspects sped away. The victim was bleeding from a stab wound and died at the scene. http://www.cnn.com/2013/10/07/justice/washington-soldier-killed/index.html There is no doubt that the senseless killing of the Army solider in the story above can easily be classified as a hate crime, because all the elements for a...
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...Meade “Embedded Journalism” Throughout our studies amongst media law and ethics, I have grown particularly absorbed by the weights and balances of embedded journalism within our war culture today. My research aims to evaluate both the values and drawbacks of the Pentagon’s decision to pursue embedded journalism during the war on terror in 2003. I will be offering an in-depth evaluation of the history, objectives and purposes of embedding, how embedding raises concerns with the First Amendment’s entitlements, and finally questioning the notion that embedded journalism decreases censorship and increases access. In order to understand the current iteration of embedded journalism, we must understand our nations history of war correspondents and their relations with soldiers (Mayfield, 2013). The history between the military and the media lays the foundation for embedded journalism and serves as a reminder that the absence of censorship in past wars provided the impact on todays embedded program into Iraq (Brandenburg, 2007). Military-media relations have been building up over time, it originated with the earliest correspondents in 1850 and today expands through British, French, and American military engagement with the media (Mayfield, 2013). It wasn’t until the second half of the twentieth century that America began utilizing their media to report on current warfare’s. However, journalistic freedom on war coverage became a target of criticism from political and military leaders...
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...soldiers in South Vietnam was compared to the same mission of the Europeans, such as Casmir Pulaski, who assisted America in its fight for liberty. During a press conference on June 23, 1964 President Lyndon Johnson stated,” This is not a jungle war, but a struggle for freedom on every front of human activity (Lansdale, 1964, p. 78).” America felt that they were obligated to fight the war against communism in Vietnam. Overtime, the war had a huge impact on Americans and the economy. Through advanced technology such as satellites and light weight cameras it was possible for media coverage on the battlefield; oftentimes with disturbing displays of slain soldiers, civilians, and growing numbers of causalities. Public opinions of the Vietnam War would become negative, making Vietnam, America’s most despised war. America has always been a skilled army, the intentions of the U.S. army was to weaken the army of the North Vietnam by using a strategy they called “attrition”. The U.S. believed they could cause so much damage and inflict so many casualties, that eventually the North Vietnamese would surrender (Brinkley, 2007). “The attrition strategy failed because the North Vietnamese proved they were willing to commit many more soldiers to the conflict, than the U.S. expected (Brinkley, 2007, p. 841).” Americans were optimistic about the war in its beginnings. Statistics showed that there were far more communist dying in combat than U.S. soldiers and there were positive reports from...
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...| The Role of Media in War | | | “Journalists will say that war is too important to be left to generals. Reporting of war is too important to be left to reporters. Soldiers need to get involved in this.” | -Maj Gen Patrick Brady - 1990 | (former Public Relations Chief of US Army) | The revolution in information technology, from the transistor through widespread digitisation, deeply networked communications, as well as, the revolutionary changes in the employment of airpower have profoundly influenced analysts and planners and has completely changed the conduct of war.The Gulf War afforded the world its first glimpse of the future of warfare. Millions around the globe were treated to precision-guided bombs annihilating targets in downtown Baghdad, learned of satellite uplinks from the battlefield that provided real-time connectivity, and applauded the ability of Stealth aircraft to ensure aerial dominance. Everyone seemed to understand that something was different about this “Video-game war”. There was much more to the spectacle than the one provided by previous wars. How much of it was real and how much rigged, are discussed below. More recently India’s use — or rather abuse — of the media to dupe its own people during the Kargil Crisis is a case in point. The important thing to note is that the revolutions in the field of information technology have caused the media to have a much greater impact on operations. Thus it is imperative to take a closer look at the intricate...
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...Oklahoma City Bombing and the Media Before September 11, 2001 America was attacked April 19, 1995 by one of its own citizens, the attack is now known as the Oklahoma City Bombing. The attack claimed 168 lives, which 19 of them were children and several hundred were injured, (FBI). By definition this attack was terrorism; terrorism is the unlawful use or threatened use of force or violence by a person or an organized group against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or government, often for ideological or political reasons, (Barnett, Reynolds). From researching and studying terrorism and the media this paper will include; the background on Timothy McVeigh, Oklahoma City Bombing, how it was reported, how it is different from now and the speculations of how the media helped or harmed the situation. Timothy McVeigh grew up living a ‘normal life’, with loving parents and childhood friends but he felt unloved. In third grade he witnessed a neighbor boy drown a bag of kittens in a nearby pond he was so disgusted that day forward he could not bear the sight of death to the point he stopped shooting bull frogs with his bb gun. That all changed when he joined the United States Army and was deployed to the Gulf War. In basic and deployment training his mind set was changed to killing was an act of war, he even declared the attack on the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building an act of war, (Michel, Herbeck).It was just a mission and solider are...
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...Civil Rights Events Civil rights in the United States are assured undisputable rights retained under the Constitution by citizens of America. This liberty has been clarified and interpreted by the Supreme Court as well as lower federal courts. Civil rights can thus be defined as individual legitimate and established protection more efficient than a person, for instance, parts of the administration and other persons. The freedoms unequivocally characterized, make up the Bill of Rights, including the right to speak freely, the rights to privacy and the privilege to bear arms, there are likewise numerous freedoms of individuals not characterized in the Constitution, as expressed in the Ninth Amendment (Foner, 2008). Over time, the level of civil rights as well as the size of the population of American citizens who have had access to the rights has expanded. In several occasions, civil rights groups have demonstrated to demand the very rights. Black protests: There were many very successful attempts gearing to making lives of black people better due to discrimination from the white race. However, rights movements gave black people Constitution legal equality which illegalized segregation in public places like schools and workplace. Again black people were given the right to vote, and discrimination in housing was banned (Foner, 2008). With even this the black community never achieved economic equality and remained a disadvantaged group. Civil rights groups...
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...With Buccaneers quarterback Jameis Winston, it’s always something. For multiple reasons. At times, it’s always something because there’s always something he’s doing that attracts scrutiny. At other times, it’s always something because the media scrutinizes him more closely than other young players. Regardless, anything Winston does that is remotely controversial will now become a headline. Case in point: Something Winston did on Thursday night became the top item for Richard Deitsch’s weekly sports media column. As explained by Deitsch, Winston deliberately circumvented a ping-pong arrangement between NFL Network and ESPN regarding dibs on interviewing the first pick in the draft. This year, it was ESPN’s turn to go first. But Winston decided not to let ESPN go first. According to Deitsch, Winston’s camp “was upset at the network’s overall coverage of the top pick prior to the draft.” Winston’s agent predictably told Deitsch that “it was simply our preference that his first interview be with NFL Network”; however, there’s no reason to dispute Deitsch’s reporting that Winston and company retaliated, at least a little, against the four-letter network. Winston’s agent downplayed the snub, explaining that ESPN got its interview a “few seconds later.” But the damage was done. Deitsch explains that, by the time ESPN got the interview, the draft had progressed several picks beyond Winston. So the interview wasn’t played by ESPN until after the first round ended. On one...
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...United States Army – Recruitment, Training and Compensation The United States Army serves as the land-based branch of the U.S. military. It is the largest and oldest established branch of seven U.S. uniformed services. The Army reports to the Department of Defense and is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve (U.S. Army, 2012). Both reserve components are made up of part-time soldiers who train once a month. Battle assemblies conduct two to three weeks of annual training each year. Regardless of component, the Army conducts both operational and institutional missions. The operational Army consists of numbered armies, corps, divisions, brigades, and battalions that conduct full spectrum operations around the world. According to the U.S. Army website, its primary mission is "to fight and win our Nation’s wars by providing prompt, sustained land dominance across the full range of military operations and conflict in support of combatant commanders” (2012). This includes preserving the peace, security and defense of the United States and its Commonwealths, possessions and occupied areas; supporting national policies; implementing national objectives; overcoming any nations carrying out aggressive acts against the United States; and accomplishing missions assigned by the President, Secretary of Defense and combatant commanders. Institutional Army organizations provide the infrastructure...
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...retrospect neither of these titles would be an honest opinion to the military or the civilian victims of the war. Historians and journalists alike, being that one cannot be the other and therefore should never be confused but for the instance of the following should be entitled to the same mistakes, insinuate that the portrayal of the Second World War was an accurate one without the tremendous censorship and propaganda that transpired out of the First World War. Undoubtedly, to believe such an apparent statement of propaganda would be to dismiss the actions and the transformation of the techniques used by propaganda agencies between the two wars. Institutions, which included the U.S. Government, its military branches, and more important media outlets, were well aware of their failings in the eyes of the American public before the treaty of Versailles in 1918. It became necessary for these entities, as the prospect of a second European conflict approached, to rebuild the...
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...tactics and US morale hitting rock bottom. However there are a variety of other factors which may also have had an input, these include the extreme amount of media coverage and youth/civil rights protests. Firstly, it is obvious that the failure of US tactics, leading to opposition within the us, played a vital role towards Johnsons failure at beating the communists. This is after the US public realised that various tactics such as Operation Rolling Thunder, Search And Destroy Missions and Chemical Warfare often harmed innocent people, causing am outrage at the way the war was being fought. This is then further displayed by how between the years 63-68, 3895 US soldiers were killed in Vietnam, ending in many calls for Johnson to pull out of Vietnam, a war which many believed the USA had no place to be involved in. Johnson knew the public opinion was extremely important due to the fast approaching election, and so couldn’t push the army to its full potential due to fear of losing his place as president, thus showing how the growing opposition in the USA was responsible for Johnsons failure to defends communist forces in the years 1963-68. On the other hand, I can easily be argued that the extensive amount of media coverage the US was getting in Vietnam could have been responsible to Johnsons failure. This is because the media often covered the worst bits of the war, such as the effects of napalm on civilians, which of course was not taken too well by the people back home. For example...
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...Psych 200 Professor April 15, 2014 Psychological Warfare. In this report I am going to explain how propaganda and psychological warfare influences and manipulates people to make them support a country. I am going to show how the media works as the medium through which the governments spread their propaganda. The government manipulates masses using pamphlets, speeches, morality and priorities. This manipulation is done through the media. Media and subjects like censure are going to be discussed in this report. I will show how the Persian Gulf War can be set on as an example of the media spreading government propaganda and psychological warfare. This report also includes an analysis on propaganda and it’s denotative and connotative meanings. This report is also going to show us it’s effect and importance in our community and society. Whats Propaganda All of us, know about the horrors and the devastation that are a result of wars. Despite these horrors, we act indifferent towards war and it’s effect on the world community. Countries’ governments manage to manipulate us and make us think that their war actions against another nation, race or culture are well justified. Nations make the members of the society believe, that they are doing the right thing, and that this military action against a declared enemy is the most desirable thing to do in order to keep “the world’s stability and peace”. For this reason people say we are “meant” to help and serve our country, in...
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...emotional drainage This mission came at a time when the military was not used to such tough combat. They had to be involved deeply in the war which interrupted their smooth life. It was particularly stressful to the first time mission soldiers. Strong rivals The KDF were fighting against a well-organized and funded group. It is said that the militia was under payroll from some politicians in the region. They were therefore well equipped giving the soldiers a hard time while trying to guess what the militia was capable of. Negative public image There was much talk after the operation against the SLDF. There was extensive media coverage on the issue and the main attention shifted from the combating of the terror group to the violations that took place. Sources http://www.omct.org/escr/urgent-interventions/2008/06/d4885/ http://www.hrw.org/news/2008/04/02/kenya-army-and-rebel-militia-commit-war-crimes-mt-elgon http://mahteso.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66:the-horors-of-sabaot-land-defence-force-sldf-and-the-atrocities-they-committed-against-citizens-of-mtelgon-kenya&catid=25:the-project...
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...BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma in Public Services (Uniformed)Assessment Brief | | Unit Number & Title | Unit 24 – Current and Media Affairs in Public Services | Assessment Title | Magazine review | Assessment No. | 2 | Deadline Date | 15/01/16 | Date Issued | | *Resubmission Date | | Unit Assessor/Tutor | Andy Phillips | Learning Aims/Outcomes covered in this assessment | Learning Outcome 3: Understand how the public services are portrayed in the media Learning Outcome 4: Be able to review current affairs affecting public services | | Scenario / Context of Assessment | As a member of the Public Services the publics perceptions of your conduct is determined by how they are reported in the media which may affect your morale and operational effectiveness. However as a member of the public services you should be aware of how the media can be used as a positive resource | TASK 1- Magazine article (P5, M3 & D2) | Your Task is to create a magazine article that will:Explain how positive and negative images affect public perceptions of the public services. (P5)Analyse how positive and negative images affect public perceptions of the public services. (M3)Evaluate how positive and negative images affect public perceptions of the public services. (D2) You are to explain by using current pictures and newspaper articles,TV shows how each of the public services have been perceived...
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...Gabriella Hatzopoulos War & Society Uniting Tactics, Divisive Consequences Rape, torture and murder against innocent civilians- what could cause someone to do such a thing? The My Lai Massacre during the Vietnam War was a result of a war tactic that continues to be utilized today: racism and dehumanization of the enemy. This strategy, employed by the Armed Forces and facilitated by the media back on American soil has proven to be dangerous in that it causes both soldiers and civilians to treat an entire group as subhuman and unworthy of empathy. We can see this in the My Lai Massacre and through the persistent hare crimes against Muslims during the United States’ current “war on terror.” On March 16 1968, 140 men of the American Charlie Company entered the village of My Lai and were ordered to kill whoever they saw. There was the belief that the province of Quang Ngai where My Lai was located was a stronghold for Vietcong guerillas. After increasing frustration with losing their soldiers and not progressing in the war as much as they’d like, the group took their anger out on what was thought was a village of Vietcong enemies. It was the first chance they had to meet the enemy face to face instead of through grenades and booby traps and finally get even. Lieutenant William L. Calley ordered a search and destroy mission and urged that anyone in My Lai was to be considered connected to the Vietcong in some way, and should be killed. Though no guerillas were found when...
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...Thalia Capilla July 26, 2014 POSC146: Mass Media and Public Opinion Thalia Capilla POSC 146 Justin Nelson Downfall of News Coverage In Depicting War The ideal news coverage is a mirror image of reality, thousands of Americans tune in to their local or national news channel for quality coverage and accuracy. In the 1960’s Vietnam became the first war to be televised, resulting in a large disapproval rating on the war. However, the American people saw the truth and gave their opinion. Today the media is nowhere near the ideal news coverage, being characterized as corporate, concentrated and conglomerate. News Media is a profit making enterprise owned by a few companies. So what changed? How did the media evolve into something so filtered by the government? In this Literature Review I will cover how international affairs and war coverage quality has drastically declined to fit corporate news norms. It sacrifices quality over quantity, framing the American people. News media in a democracy should provide a forum for diverse views and provide the people with the truth of what is happening around the world, (McLeod 2009). That is what I would like shed light on in this paper. News framing, agenda setting and priming are broadly examined by Scheufelel and Tewksbury (2007) to see how all three are related and what the potential relationships can infer about the effects of mass media. This is an important analysis as these three components of the subtle effects model can...
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