...and North America In the beginning there were various settlers who colonized the area that would become known as United States of America. First there was the Asian nomads, who would become known as the American Indians. Europeans would be the next to colonize America, but this would be a few thousand years later, First there was the Spanish, followed by the French, and last but not least the British.(Muntone, 2011, p. 3) It was 1607 that the British founded the original colony in Jamestown, Virginia . It was the British intention from the beginning to colonize the Americas for the expansion of the British Empire. This new settlement in Jamestown would allow for the people of Jamestown to send back natural resources to England for the benefit of the mother country. These new colonies that began across North America were all British subjects or under control of the British. The Definition of Colonialism basically means when a country rules over a territory outside their own with citizens of the original Country. Another example would be when you create an empire by expanding into a region by dominance, both examples refer directly to the British in and how they treated the Native Americans.("Difference Between," 2011, p. 1) As the new settlers came to the new world there wasn’t much thought given to the Natives that currently lived there. Native Americans A good example of English relationships with the Native Americans would be Jamestown. After the settlement of Jamestown...
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...years, settler colonial theory has taken over my field, Native American studies. Comparative indigenous histories focused especially on British-descended “settler colonies”—Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States—have proliferated. And settler colonial theory is now dogma. At my last two conference presentations, a fellow panelist was astonished that I didn’t deploy it. My research on native New England whaling history made me more globally comparative, but it also forced a reckoning that many places experienced colonialism without an influx of foreign settlers. As scholars parse settler colonialism into its multiple manifestations, colonialism itself remains undifferentiated. One of settler colonialism’s leading theorists, Lorenzo Veracini, juxtaposes the two completely. “Colonialism and settler colonialism are not merely different, they are in some ways antithetical formations,” he wrote in the 2011 founding issue of the journal Settler Colonial Studies. For Veracini, “colonialism” apparently refers to the late 19th-century European scrambles for Africa and Asia—in popular imagery, plantation colonies where members of a white ruling class dressed in white linen lounge on the edge of a cricket field, sipping cocktails served up by dark-skinned natives. Indeed, most of the literature on colonialism explores the history of the plantation colonies of that era. Instead of casting colonialism and settler colonialism as antithetical categories, however, settler colonialism...
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...Barlowe handed a few gifts to Wingina’s scout from his ship, that was a moment the Native Americans and the British settlers really could have started their partnership off well. Both parties could have brought so much to the table that would have allowed each other to prosper and grow. Though friendly and mature partnership could have been formed between the Natives and British settlers, the exact opposite happened. How did it come to be that instead of trading resources with each other peacefully, both Indians and British faced an event where a head was found in Edward Nugent’s hand? Why couldn't the Indians and the British just get along? When Queen Elizabeth I gave Sir Walter Raleigh, the man that is known as the real pioneer of American Civilization [xi], the right to discover, search, find out, and view a new land [35], Raleigh was immediately ready for it. He sent out two sailors, Philip Armadas and Arthur Barlowe, off to find a new colony. Around the summer of 1854, they discovered the Island of Roanoke and made friendly contact there with the Algonquian-speaking Indians, one of them Granganimeo, the brother of a weroance named Wingina. As the Indians grew to understand the British more, they started exchanging goods with each other. The Natives were completely amazed by the items the newcomers had brought with them and believed it held a great source of montoac. To the Natives, montoac represented a power that was far beyond any human capability and something that...
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...Over the course of 7 years (1689-1697), the tension between between France, Spain and England grew and caused the first worldwide war; in order to gain control over the West Indies, Canada and the trade in the English colonies.The Native Americans were being driven away because the English needed more land for plantations and ports. King William’s War, was provoked because the English were expanding rapidly and the Natives were being pushed out and weren't strong enough to fight against the Europeans because they lacked the weapon technology and they also had suffered a demographic change due to illness. The Natives who were supplied by the French, burned down English settlements. The English corresponded with what is called Queen Anne’s War, winning Nova Scotia and trading rights in Spanish America. The third and last war was King George’s War when they beat France, obtaining Louisburg, then exchanging it for economic gains in India, which made the Colonist furious. After the French-Indian war, the relationship between English and the Colonist shifted because of the enforced taxation and...
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...most important factor that aided the European conquest of the Americas? a. Gunpowder b. Disease c. Horses d. Superior organization FEEDBACK: The peoples of the Americas had no immunity to European disease and up to 90 percent of the population died after contact with the Europeans, greatly easing the process of conquest. (See section “The Great Dying” in your textbook.) 4. Which of the following is an old-world crop that was soon established in Europe’s American colonies? a. Tobacco b. Potatoes c. Corn d. Rice FEEDBACK: Rice is a Eurasian product that soon became an agricultural staple in many locations in the Americas. (See section “The Columbian Exchange” in your textbook.) 5. Which of the following was a consequence of the introduction of horses to the North American West? a. A male-dominated hunting and warrior culture displaced farming cultures in many areas. b. New hunting capability led to the near extinction of the North American bison. c. Horses made it possible for Native Americans...
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...almost met there complete demise because of an era aptly named “starving time the awful year of 1610, there were rumors that colonists actually turned to cannibalism to survive. Even more deaths were to come. Between 1619 and 1622, at least 3,000 of the colony’s 3,600 newest colonists perished, many of them killed in a war launched by the Powhatan Indians” (Stockwell, M. 2012, p. 2.2, para 10). The location of the settlement was marsh like and because of the marsh like conditions the area was inundated with mosquitoes that carried horrible diseases that many settler succumbed to. The settlers received help from the Native Americans and again found hope in the new crop of tobacco, introduced by John Rolfe, who “experimented with growing tobacco as a cash crop” (Stockwell, M. 2012, p. 2.2, para 11), which would increase there revenue and change the scope of there colony....
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...People wonder how the Proclamation happened. People also wonder how the Boston tea party happened. Some people already know. Well the relationship between Great Britain and America began to sour. They started to disagree and it would lead to rebellion and revolution. Some of the issues was King George III he stated that colonist couldn’t settle lands west of the Appalachian Mountain. There were native american attacks on the frontier that were violent and furious. Colonists had all new land acquired from France, and King George III would not allow them to settle. King George III sent troops to forcibly remove settlers from forbidden land. The settlers kept on getting booted off their land because king george III arresting them for being...
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...Minority Groups in the Revolution: Women, Blacks and Native American Cherdae O. Kirkland History 121 02A Instr. Shuman April 19, 2011 Introduction The American Revolution began in 1775. It was a war fought between Great Britain and thirteen British colonies. It was also called the American Revolutionary War, United States War of Independence. The conflict between the British troops and the colonist began in Lexington and Concord Massachusetts when the Patriots (colonists who rebelled against British control) fired at British Soldiers in April 1775. Tensions were mounting from the Patriots or colonists, who were an angry about having to pay British taxes with little or no parliament representation. The Patriots wanted their independence from British rule and the opportunity to form the own government system. Although the war was originally a civil war between the British and the thirteen colonies, it quickly turned into an international conflict. This war lasted for eight years. “The turmoil of the revolution disrupted traditional class and social relationships and helped transform the lives of people who had long been relegated to the social periphery---African Americans, women and Indians.” Role of Women in the American Revolutionary War During the American Revolution, women played an active role in the British and American armies. Many of these women were wives and daughters of the soldiers. A lot of the women made small contributions to the war, but those...
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... the English relocated to North America for promises of new beginnings, wealth, and religious freedom. The Virginia Company had funded the operation under a charter from King James 1 hoping for promising returns on their investment. The new colonists bright and hopeful settled in Jamestown, Virginia only to find nightmares instead of dreams. The conditions for the new colonists exploited a rising tension that would soon escalate into a famous revolt called Bacon's Rebellion. Jamestown was to be the new Promised Land for the English settlers. It was surrounded by water, which would provide protection and allow for mass trading due to the opportunity to install several ports. As such, the Virginia Company believed the expedition would be profitable and King James 1 saw an opportunity to convert the savages to Christian religion, which would make settling much easier since the heathens would be no more. Many of the settlers were not accustom to getting their hands dirty and came only to find gold and wealth quickly and easily. The tobacco industry became Jamestown's wealth, which required many hard working laborers. They were called indentured servants and promised land after seven years of hard work. In addition, many of the new colonists succumbed to malaria, dysentery, and unbearable working conditions. The women were subjected to sexual abuse along with harsh emotional and physical treatment. Furthermore, many of the women had perished even before arriving...
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...The Roanoke Island colony was founded by Sir Walter Raleigh, an English explorer, in August of 1585. The first Roanoke colonists had a miserable experience, suffering from shortening food supplies and Native American attacks, and in 1586 they returned to England aboard a ship captained by Sir Francis Drake. In 1587, Raleigh shipped out another batch of 100 colonists under John White. White returned to England to procure more supplies, but the war with Spain delayed his return to Roanoke. By the time he finally returned in August 1590, everyone had vanished. White and his men found no trace of the 100 or so colonists he left behind, and there was no sign of violence. The only piece of evidence left was the word “Croatoan” left on the constructed palisades around the settlement. To this day it is not certain what occurred during the time White left for supplies. It was found later that during the time of the departure of John White, there was a severe drought. This no doubt was a major contributing factor of the total failure of Roanoke. The early 17th century English settlers faced many hardships including many starving due to lack of crops, lack of non-contaminated water, disease, and...
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...The author explains the accusation of premeditation with the reasoning that the natives did wait until as soon as the Spanish were divided to unleash an attack. Analyze: The speaker’s audience would likely be other Europeans who spoke his Spanish language. This led to his choice of highlighting the details that made the Spanish sound defenseless and the natives to sound like bloodthirsty savages, though there clearly had to be more to the story that the author chose to leave out. Evaluate: The speaker may have left out details that showed the Spanish causing fair reason for the natives’ attacking them, such as unreasonable behavior or provocation. He either overlooked details of his own sides’ faults, or chose to exclude them merely for self-preservation. Document 1.11 Voyage to the St. Lawrence Identify: Cartier emphasized how joyous and welcoming the natives were towards the Europeans. He went into detail of how they danced and sang for their visitors, and strived to build a positive relationship with one...
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...Writing Activity The founding of Virginia has a very intriguing history, from the people who came, to the obstacles they had to overcome, and how the colony became successful. In the year of 1605 a company made of British merchants asked King James I for the right to create an establishment in North America in the region of Virginia. One year later, the king granted this request. The investors in this journey formed a joint-stock company, which they called the London Company. On April 26, 1607 the first group of one hundred five colonists from the London Company arrived in Jamestown, Virginia. Most of the people who came were adventurers with little or no farming experience or other useful skills. This led to the first major problem in the colony of Jamestown. Life in the colonies was extremely hard and these problems only made life worse. Because of the lack of people with farming experience there was a lack of food for the settlers. There was a lack in preparation for the trip in other areas as well, especially in the area that they chose to settle in. Jamestown was fifty miles away from the coast, and located in a very marshy area. Because of this location, mosquito carried...
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...way of life beyond its national borders. In the years 1500 – 1900 Europe colonized all of North and South America and Australia, most of Africa, and much of Asia by sending settlers to populate the land or by taking control of governments. The first colonies were established in the Western Hemisphere by the Spanish and Portuguese in the 15th – 16th centuries. The Dutch colonized Indonesia in the 16th century, and Britain colonized North America and India in the 17th – 18th centuries. Later, British settlers colonized Australia and New Zealand. Colonization of Africa only began in earnest in the 1880s, but by 1900 virtually the entire continent was controlled by Europe. The colonial era ended gradually after World War II; the only territories still governed as colonies today are small islands. http://www.answers.com/topic/colonialism#ixzz1lYMQdYfY http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonialism Colonialism is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It is a process whereby the metropole claims sovereignty over the colony, and the social structure, government, and economics of the colony are changed by colonizers from the metropole. Colonialism is a set of unequal relationships between the metropole and the colony and between the colonists and the indigenous population. The colonial period normally refers to the late 15th to the 20th century, when European states established colonies on other...
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...harassment of Indians, Virginia lower classes lived a harsh life. While these lower classes were eager to find a way out of their current situation, the dictatorial government ruled by Berkeley closed election for fifteen years, from 1661 to 1776, leaving neither political outlet nor hope for people living at the bottom of society. As Berkeley held the Council and the House of Burgesses, namely all the political power sources in Virginia, the Virginia government became more and more like a privately owned company responsive to and only to the will of the governor. Being cut off from politics angered settlers, who were brave souls traveling all the way from England to this undeveloped continent to finally live in a place where they could obtain the freedom of not just practicing religions, but choosing the very kind of government and governor they desired as well. Not to mention these settlers had also experienced the Renaissance and realized the importance of freedom. Under the suppression of the autocratic government, Bacon and his supporters realized that they would have to break down this ill form of government and establish a new one in order to accomplish their goal of democracy and a better...
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...“British history has been a history of invasion.” Please illustrate this point. – 1st century AD (43): Briton was invaded by the Roman Empire → found valuable metals → decided to settle down. – 4th century AD: invasion of a group of barbaric people over the Europe. The Romans had to return to Rome to protect their own country. – 5th century AD (410): Anglo–Saxon invasion – Germanic peoples: the Anglos, the Saxons. They were powerful. → They divided the country into 2 parts: + Anglo – Saxon area in England + Celtic area in Wales, Scotland and Ireland The Anglo-Saxon invaders were the forefathers of the English, the founders of "Angle-land" or "England". – From the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the cruel Vikings threatened Britain's shores. – The next invaders were the Normans, from northern France in 1066. – Next few hundred years: a process of joining together the various parts of the British Isles under English rule. What are some general characteristics of Scotland? – The second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. – The most confident of its own identity. – The most rugged part of the UK, with areas of sparsely populated mountains and lakes in the north (the Highlands), and in the south (the Southern Uplands). – Scotland was not conquered by the Romans or the Anglo–Saxons. – Scotland began to experience Viking raids in the 9th century, and it was the...
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