...RESEARCH PAPER ON RJ REYNOLD’s AMERICAN BACKGROUND HISTORY Reynolds American, the second-largest tobacco company in the United States was formed in January 2004 and began trading publicly on the New York Stock Exchange as RAI in August 2004. Reynolds American is also known as the parent company of American Snuff Company (formerly Conwood Company, LLC), Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company, Inc., and Niconovum AB. This company has approximately 28 percent of U.S. cigarette sales. The company offers products in all segments of the market and makes many of the nation's best-selling cigarette brands, including: Camel, Pall Mall, Kool, Winston, Salem and Doral. In 1913, Reynolds Tobacco introduced Camel cigarettes, containing a blend of several different types of tobacco, a blend that would come to be called “the American blend.” Supported by a unique introductory advertising campaign, Camel became the first nationally popular cigarette in the United States. Reynolds Tobacco established virtually every packaging standard in the U.S. cigarette industry. The 20-cigarette pack was introduced by Reynolds Tobacco in 1913, and in 1915 the company introduced the one-piece, 10-pack carton. In 1931, Reynolds Tobacco became the first company to package its cigarettes with a moisture-proof, sealed cellophane outer wrap to preserve freshness. In 1918, Richard Joshua Reynolds – Reynolds Tobacco’s founder – died at the age of 68. In 1925, Brown & Williamson purchased J.G. Flynt Tobacco Co. and...
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...Essay: R.J. Reynolds International Financing (HBS 9-287-057). Page 1 of 7 "Cour sew or k.Info offer s a ver y valuable tool to students." Dr Yaakov Wise, Univer sity of M anchester LO G I N JO I N N O W ! SEARCH Adv anced search Search Coursew ork .info You a re he re : Universit y > Business and Adm inist rat iv e st udies > Finance > R.J. Reynolds I nt er nat ional Financing ( HBS 9- 287- 057) . N O M ORE BRAI N FREEZE - j ust love ly ide a s j uice ! W e 've got 1 ,4 6 2 GCSE Gr e e n Pla n t s a s Or ga n ism s Essa ys on lin e r ig h t n ow t o in sp ir e you St udy t he w ork of t he bright est st u den t s in t h e u k , a ll for le ss t h a n 1 7 p a da y. Accoun t ing ( 513 Essays) Econom ics (1,080 Essays) Fina nce ( 1, 083 Essays) H um a n Re sour ce M a na ge m e nt ( 1,012 Essays) M a na ge m e nt St udie s ( 1, 723 Essays) - I n t e r n a t ion a l Fin a n cia l R.J. Rey nolds I nt er nat ional Financing ( HBS 9- 287- 057) The case is set in t he cont ext of RJR’s 1985 financing of it s $4.9 billion acquisit ion of Nabisco Brands I nc. To finance t he acquisit ion, RJR was pr oposing t he issue of $1.2 billion of 12 year not es and t he sam e am ount in pr efer r ed st ock . I t had alr eady funded $1.5 billion of t he acquisit ion leav ing $1 billion m or e t o finance. Challenges facing RJR: Of t he $1.5 billion t hat had been funded, $500 m illion cam e from cash and t he r em aining was t hr ough bank bor r owings and...
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...Shiloh, by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor is the tale of a boy who strives to save a dog from a life of misery at the hands of his cruel owner. Though only 11, he will attempt to stand up for what he believes despite what the law may state. With the help of his caring family, over the course of this story the main character must solve complicated ethical dilemmas. In doing so, he is attempting to achieve justice for this dog. The story begins with the main character, Marty walking through the woods. He discovers a dog which ultimately follows him home. He and his father return the dog to its home and according to the combination of the dog's reaction to physical contact and Marty's impressions of the dog's owner Judd, he concludes that the dog may be abused. After a number of days, the dog who has been named Shiloh by Marty returns to his home after running away from a fox hunt. This time, Marty is determined to keep Shiloh away from his owner. In an attempt to keep Shiloh a secret, he creates a pen on a hilltop his father owns. Despite his crafty lying and sneaking food from the dinner table...
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...If you don’t have a name, identify a job title. Do not list alternatives that other people have; only list the options facing your chosen role. You are making your character's decisions and no one else's. Identify your character: Marie-Christine Berthelin Step 1 - Identify the Problem/Opportunity. Identify the major problem or opportunity from your character's perspective in one or two sentences. Hobert Reynolds spending too much money on personal entertainment while using company funds. Step 2 - Identify the Causes of the Problem/Opportunity. Internal and external environmental factors should be examined. Causes of problems or opportunities tend to be historical in nature. Consider: Why did the problem/opportunity occur? When did it begin? Where does it occur? Where doesn't it occur? What effective management practices should the organization be using? What has the organization failed to do? Mr. Reynolds feels that it by giving the employees all the extra entertainment opportunities that it will motivate them to do better at their jobs. Mr. Reynolds feels that because there has never been a problem before why is it a problem now. Step 3 - List Alternative Solutions to the Problem (or ways to take advantage of the opportunity). Proposed alternatives should be consistent with the problem(s)/opportunity(ies) and cause(s) identified. Develop at least three possible...
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...vice presidents, Nick Smith, called a meeting of product managers and other staff to plan marketing strategies. Brewster's immediate superior, the product manager, was unable to attend, so the director of marketing, Jeff Reynolds, invited Brewster to the meeting to help orient him to his new job. Because of the large number of people attending, Reynolds was rather brief in introducing Brewster to Smith, who, as vice president, was presiding over the meeting. After the meeting began, Smith—a crusty veteran with a reputation for bluntness—began asking a series of probing questions that most of the product managers were able to answer in detail. Suddenly he turned to Brewster and began to quest ion him quite closely about his group of products. Somewhat confused, Brewster confessed that he did not know the answers. It was immediately apparent to Reynolds that Smith had forgotten or had failed to understand that Brewster was new to this job and was attending the meeting more for his own orientation than to contribute to it. He was about to offer a discreet explanation when Smith, visibly annoyed with what he took to be Brewster's lack of preparation, announced, Gentlemen, you have just seen an example of sloppy staff work, and there is no excuse for it!" Reynolds had to make a quick decision. He could interrupt Smith and point out that he had judged Brewster unfairly; but that course of action might embarrass both his superior and his subordinates. Alternatively, he could wait until...
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...Why was this product distribution implemented? The product was implemented in hopes to raise RJ Reynolds stock price during a period of time after many adult smokers were either quitting or switching to a cheaper alternative brand Why did the product end up failing? Empty hopes; although the hopes of the product was expected to raise RJ Reynolds stock price, the Premier Cigarette had a number of flaws working against it. To start the product had an artificial taste, bad aftertaste, a strange aroma and the CEO stated that it “tasted like shit.” Many smokers did not want to be bothered with the instruction manual included in the pack of Premier Cigarettes, they missed the visual cues of a normal cigarette (the smoke while the cigarette is lit, and the exhaling of the smoke). Brand Equity? Overall, RJ Reynolds is a strong brand with cigarette brands such as Camel and Marlboro. The firm has a strong identity, integrity and resonance. • The Strategic Response section of the presentation must describe how the firm implemented the decision that led to failure or success. What did the firm do? How did they do it? o Trial run of cigarette in 3 cities, overwhelming negative response • What were the key actions taken with the marketing mix to attempt to gain competitive advantage? o They were the first into the market, they had to position the product to not take away from their already loyal customer base (without committing cannibalism). • In this section, I would like...
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...IT’S MY BIKE Debbie Martin was overjoyed when she was selected the new Supplier Quantity Manager for the commercial product division of Cold Air Corporation. In this role, she was responsible for monitoring the quality of component parts for twelve production lines scattered throughout the large manufacturing plant. When she started the new position, Debbie knew she would be faced with many opportunities and conflicts. Her immediate supervisor, the manager of shipping and receiving, was not known as an easy person to work for. He expected his subordinates to have a take charge attitude and to avoid bothering him with trivial issues. What Debbie had not envisioned was just how trivial and non-productive some of the conflicts in her new position would be. She certainly had not expected to be on the verge of a fistfight. Debbie was just starting her shift when she received a telephone call from Ronnie, one of her subordinates. Ronnie was a purchasing parts inspector, and was responsible for inspecting certain incoming parts for all production lines in the plant. He was complaining that the Airhandler Quality team had borrowed “the bike” for a special project and would not return it. He reminded Debbie of his current project and how covering the entire 15-acre plant on foot would only delay completion of the project. Debbie rolled her eyes as she thought about the logistics of inspecting component past’s three separate buildings. She also realized that Ronnie had a...
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...was President and CEO of Quality Metal Service Centers with the following comment: Although I am satisfied with the company's past performance, I believe that we have the ability to increase sales and profitability. Given the expansion of the market and competitive position, it is my feeling that we have missed certain opportunities to grow. I do not know if our government system has been to discourage managers to adhere to the objectives of the company, which is growing fast and being above average ROA compared with other companies in the industry. I want you to have it in mind when you are evaluating our system. proliferation Metal industry Metal Service Centers purchase from many factories (e.mills), including USX, Bethlehem, Alcoa, Reynolds and smaller companies like Crucible, Northwestern and Youngstown . These suppliers sell products in large batches. By doing this they maximize the throughput capacity of large production end collisions (e.run). Service Centers sells its consumers in smaller batches and shorter processing time. The distribution of metal industry was generally considered of mature, highly competitive and sundering industry. Still has a lot of firsts in the industry who have given Service Centers opportunity to grow. cuts in steel plant in their effort to be more competitive by increasing production capacity, most large national metal manufacturers have been withdrawn product lines by skip specialty produced in limited quantities. Also, they had to reduce...
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...I. MAREA DEPRESIUNE ŞI CRIZA ECONOMICĂ DIN PREZENT 1. Marea Depresiune din 1929-1933 1.1 Istoria economică si severitatea crizei Momentul în care a avut loc, dar şi severitatea „Marii Depresiuni” au variat substanţial între ţări. Depresiunea a fost deosebit de lungă şi de severă în Statele Unite şi Europa si a fost mai blândă în Japonia şi în mare parte în America Latină. Poate nu surprinzător, cea mai gravă criză care avusese loc până în acel moment a rezultat dintr-o multitudine de cauze. Scăderi ale cererii de consum, panica financiară şi politicile guvernamentale greşite au determinat scăderea producţiei economice în Statele Unite ale Americii. Etalonul aur, care lega aproape toate ţările lumii într-o reţea fixă a ratelor valutare de schimb a jucat un rol-cheie în transmiterea recesiunii americane către alte ţări. Recuperarea după perioada de depresiune economică a constat în mare măsură la abandonarea etalonului aur şi la expansiunea monetară care a urmat. Marea Depresiune a adus schimbări fundamentale în cadrul instituţiilor economice, în politicile macroeconomice, şi în teoria economica. „In Statele Unite ale Americii „Marea Depresiune” a început in vara anului 1929. Depresiunea economica s-a înrăutăţit spre finalul anului 1929 si a continuat pana in anul 1933. Producţia reala si preţurile au scăzut drastic . Producţia industriala in SUA a scăzut cu 47 procente si PIB-ul real a scăzut cu 30 procente. Deşi exista dezbateri pe tema exactităţii statisticilor, s-a ajuns...
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...Introduction In this experiment as we see from the title is energy losses due to friction of a pipe. As this experiment is one of the usual experiments because the results of such types of experiments are used in our lives. We take an example of central heating in a house, pipes is all over the house so to work properly and without more losses you expect you have to do this experiments. Our experiment it was simple of the way to get the measurements we want to study it. The objective of this experiment as the title is saying and as we said is to find the losses and the friction in a cylindrical pipe. We will change the pressure drop, the volume of the water, the diameter of the pipe to scratch the surface of the many factors due to calculate and have some results. Moreover from this experiment is two factors from friction when the flow is laminar and when is turbulence. These two factors are basic to see the difference between the generalised smoothens in the pipes. By doing this and comparing we can afford to get a conclusion for the flow rate in a pipe and how is reacting depending of the diameter of the pipes and other factors we will see in the experiment. Aim and objectives: As we said from our introduction the aim this experiment is to study the behaviour of water in the pipes find the losses and the friction in different diameter of pipes. Therefore to gain an insight into the behaviour of fluid flow in pipes the connections for estimating energy losses. We have...
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...large and become more concentrated through consolidation. And they buy in large amount and maintain relationships with more than one can supplier. In addition, there can be the threat of backward integration. But metal producers are unlikely to put the threats of forward integration => High l Bargaining power of suppliers There are three largest aluminum suppliers; Alcoa, Alcan and Reynolds Metal. Aluminum is classic oligopoly dominated by Alcan and Alcoa. Reynolds may benefit from R&D synergies. Also there is a threat of forward integration. =>High l Threat of new entrants It seems that barriers to entry are low. Product differentiation and switching cost is not that high. Capital costs for three-piece can product lines are relatively low but capital costs for a two-piece can line is $20-25 million. =>moderate l Substitute There are many substitutes for metal containers- glass, plastic paper, and paper-andplastic combinations. Switching cost is low. => High l Rivalry Industry is dominated by 5 major firms. The largest is American national can (25%), Continental can (18%), Reynolds metal (7%),...
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...Computational Estimation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Airships ME 399 PROJECT COURSE REPORT August-November 2013 1 November 2014 Abstract The Aerodynamics of ZHIYUAN-1 Airship with fin and Gondola has been studied using Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The various aerodynamic characteristics of airship have been successfully studied using overset grids and the computed flight parameters are then compared with the experimental data and are found to be agreeing well for small angle of attacks. The static stability of the airship has also been investigated and the aerodynamic center of the airship has been located as a part of the stability analysis. 1 Introduction Recent renewed interest in airships with varied applications in the field of advertisement, cargo transport, surveillance, communication systems, extending Internet access in remote areas is the primary motivation for this study. The estimation of aerodynamic characteristics is important for the design of control and propulsion systems of the airship. Airship analysis has traditionally been done using inviscid potential flow methods coupled with boundary layer corrections based on integral momentum methods have been used to estimate the drag coefficient of airships [1-4]. However, the application of these methods is strictly restricted to non-separating flows and flows at zero or small angles of attack. In real-life applications, the airship does encounter flow separation at large...
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...1. How is the effectiveness of team selling demonstrated by the Reynolds team, and what are some of the disadvantages to this method in this particular case? The effectiveness of team selling was demonstrated by the Reynolds team through their attempt to sell an outsourced marketing plan to Ben Frothingham’s American Ford Dealership. Each member of the group was capable of bringing different information to the table and together acted as a sales team. By having the different members of the group bring valuable information to the client, the team was able to portray a professional image which evidently convinced the dealership that their strategy would increase service retention and loyalty among new buyers. Although team selling is an effective way to carry out consultative selling, the strategy does have disadvantages. Team selling requires the aligning of all members in the group as well as in the company to fully understand the objectives and mission that should be carried out to the clients. If different members of the team have ulterior motives than say the company or group, it could possibly create negative tension among the rest of the group. Consequently, this could likely be sensed by the client and could portray the company in an unattractive light. A second disadvantage of team selling is the lack of psychic income for individuals as recognition and awards will be given to the team rather than specific individuals. As you can imagine, this can cause individuals...
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...1. Develop a calibration curve with the voltages that were taken, in order to determine the velocity at any voltage. You must determine the velocity at each frequency of the stepper motor. If you think of the frequency as being equivalent to some number of cycles per second, then 1 cycle is equal to 1 step. The travel is equivalent to 0.00086’’ per step. Then, use the polyfit and polyval functions in MATLAB to obtain a 5th order polynomial that will fit your data. Polyfit and polyval use the least squares approach to fit the data. Remember, you calibrated the sensor for two directions of flow, so one direction must be considered to be negative velocities and the other direction should be considered positive velocities. Refer to the direction where you only calibrated from 0 to 0.8 kHz as being negative velocity. Display your left, right, and average voltage markers for each known velocity, along with the calibration curve with velocity in meters/second on the x-axis and voltage in volts on the y-axis. Table 1 – Data for calibration Direction | Frequency (kHz) | Velocity (m/s) | Voltage, left (V) | Voltage, right (V) | Average Voltage (V) | Positive | 0.8 | -0.0175 | 0.1203 | 0.1209 | 0.1206 | | 0.6 | -0.0131 | 0.1323 | 0.1299 | 0.1311 | | 0.4 | -0.00874 | 0.1328 | 0.1365 | 0.1346 | | 0.2 | -0.00437 | 0.1407 | 0.1411 | 0.1409 | | 0 | 0 | 0.1441 | 0.1413 | 0.1427 | Negative | 0 | 0 | 0.1400 | 0.1423 | 0.1411 | | 0.2 | 0.00437 | 0.1413 | 0.1436 | 0.1424 | ...
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...Name: Harmony Ojehomon Topic: Wind blade Aerodynamic Content 1. Introduction 2. Calculation of the blade angle 3. Reynolds number 4. Testing the blade rotor in the wind turbine 5. Conclusion Introduction Wind power is one of the renewable technologies the world is counting on to provide sustainable and non-polluting power. The purpose report discusses how a prototype wind blade is designed, built and tested. The aim is to build a wind blade is built in terms of power extracted from the wind. Method F (resultant) D (drag) L (lift) Rw U The diagram above shows an aerofoil-section blade in a free air stream velocity U. Due to rotation of the turbine the blade velocity (at radius) is Rw. The angle of the aerofoil to the plane is θ. The air velocity relative to the blade is W, at an angle α to the blade: is called the angle of incidence. To ensure a good value of the lift coefficient Cl, α should be in the range 5o -12o. Calculation of the blade angle Take tip ratio λ=6.3 I choose 6.3 as the tip ratio because I am designing for 2 blade rotor. It needs a low drag coefficient on the blade to oppose the motion of the blade and so to detract from the wind turbine performance. Wind speed u= 9ms-1 The blade velocity Rw=54 The blade angle θ =? Tan θ = (u/Rw) θ =9.460 (approximate to whole number) =100 The angle of aerofoil θ=100. Since we already know the angle θ we need to calculate w which is a constant and since...
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