...clearly signifies that the tsar was at a strong position as many of his people supported him when he declared on going to war and a hostile rebellious attitude towards him had been reduced as the war had joined the people of Russia and the tsar together for a common goal. The Romanov dynasty also showed how loyal the people were to the tsar as they cheered immensely and the blasting noise even overcome the tsar voice as he tried to speak. This had touched the tsar emotionally as he realised how encouraging and caring his people were and the fact that he had many support from his own home nation made him even more powerful (less opposition from the inside). Nicholas agreed to an October Manifesto in October 1905 as a response to the Russian...
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...Did the 1905 Revolution seriously threaten the position of the Tsar? It could be argued that the "supposed" 1905 Russian Revolution seriously threatened the position of the Tsar as the outrage that was shown towards the Tsar and the government came from a wide range of classes from the society. The 1905 revolution was a result of huge public discontent by 3 main classes; the peasants, workers and the liberals. These groups were especially angry at the Tsar due to three main reasons; heavy taxation, poor living conditions for the workers and the humiliation the liberals felt from the defeat of the Russo-Japanese war which caused the public to riot and demand the Tsar to make changes. This is what makes us question whether the 1905 revolution ever really threatened the position of the Tsar as the Tsar still had the militaries loyalty which led to him being able to easily control the undivided oppositions which also helped the Tsar a lot as he was able to sort out the small opposition groups separately rather than one massive one. However, we can then question the amount of impact done to the Tsar which then proves how much the Tsar was threatened by the 1905 revolution. From this, we can clearly see how the Tsar was affected in the short term and the long term. As previously mentioned, the Tsar still maintained the loyalty of the army and the police which is an important factor as to why the 1905 revolution did not threaten the position of the Tsar. As the Tsar still...
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...The book Animal Farm was written by George Orwell, a famous political satirist in England. The book compares the details of the Russian Revolution with the events of Animal Farm. There are lots of similarities between animal farm and Russian revolution though the scheming of Napoleon and Stalin. There are several of events of Napoleon are similar to the events of Stalin of the Russian revolution. For example, Napoleon looked friendly to Pilkington but he had sold the pile of timber to Frederick. (Page 66) however, the similar thing for Russian revolution was Stalin signed non-aggression pact with his enemy, Hitler in 1938. They both renegaded on their friends. Not only that, the behaviour of Napoleon for satisfy his own goal is also the same as Stalin’s. Napoleon expelled and did wrong to Snowball in order to keep his status. (Page 56). Stalin did as well as he expelled Trotsky in 1928. All in all, there are lots of similarities between Napoleon and Stalin. From Animal Farm, we can get that exploiting weak and trusting individuals is the nature of human begins. Napoleon is a typical example, he used Boxer who is a henchman of animal ideology. Boxer follows and believes him all the time, however, Napoleon deceived to Boxer and he sold Boxer to a slaughter horse trader. (Page 82) In the Russian revolution, China was a country that believe and support socialist country. But during the World War II, Stalin didn’t help Chinese because he didn’t want to offend America. Over all...
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...during the 1930s were at the very least marginally productive and gainful. In this essay, I shall highlight the extent to which the aforementioned policies can be viewed as successful. Stalin’s economic policies had one essential aim—the modernisation of the Soviet economy via two essential methods: collectivisation and industrialisation. Beginning in 1928, much of Russia’s economy (in terms of agriculture and industry) was brought directly under state control. Under Stalin, this was to be total. The way these radical were changes implicated has meant that the process was referred to as the ‘second revolution,’ a way of equating the importance of industrial/modernisation as that of the 1917 revolution. When Stalin introduced these drastic changes, he claimed that they marked a significant and vital stage in Soviet Communism as had Lenin’s actions during the October Revolution of 1917. It is understandable to claim that these comparisons show that the process of modernisation in Russia was intended primarily to...
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...Comparative Writing What is a comparative writing? Comparative writing asks that you compare at least two (possibly more) items. These items will differ depending on the assignment. You might be asked to compare • positions on an issue (e.g., responses to healthcare in Canada and the United States) • theories (e.g., capitalism and communism) • figures (e.g., Auto production in the United States and Britain) • texts (e.g., Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Macbeth) • events (e.g., the Great Depression and the global financial crisis of 2008–9) Although the assignment may say “compare,” the assumption is that you will consider both the similarities and differences; in other words, you will compare and contrast. Make sure you know the basis for comparison The assignment sheet may say exactly what you need to compare, or it may ask you to come up with a basis for comparison yourself. • Provided by the question: The question may ask that you consider the gradual loss of morals by major characters in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi and George Orwell’s Animal Farm. The basis for comparison will be the loss of morals by central figures in each text. • Developed by you: The question may simply ask that you compare the two novels. If so, you will need to develop a basis for comparison, that is, a theme, concern, or device common to both works from which you can draw similarities and differences. Develop a list of similarities and differences Once you know your basis for comparison...
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...Between 1861 and 1917, Russian society had undergone many changes. It is safe to say that every aspect of that society had been some how modified. These changes led up to the Bolshevik revolution in November of 1917. Given the nature of Russian society, was the Bolshevik revolution unavoidable? Among the changes Russian society had undergone, one starts off the whole chain of events. This was the emancipation of the serfs, in 1861, by Czar Alexander. The emancipation freed 44 million peasants. The Czar knew that the only way to end the discontent of the serfs and to show that Russia too was a modern society would be to let them free. The Edict of Emancipation caused many problems these uneducated peasants. The land now assigned to them was smaller then the plots they were using as serfs. This was an average of 8 acres. There was also a forty-nine year period over which installments could be paid before the peasants were given full ownership of the land. In fact many peasants were still working for their landlords after the edict. Because of his efforts Alexander was nicknamed "the liberator". Despite giving the serfs their freedom, Alexander's actions cause more problems then they solved. After the unification of Germany between 1861 and 1891, which accelerated it's military and political power, Russia too felt it should industrialize. A man named Sergei Witte, who was Minister of Finance from 1892-1903, almost single-handedly pushed Russia into its industrialization. He...
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... Although, a significant amount of discourse revolves around male participation and leadership within terrorist organizations the literature presented exposes how valuable women have been in progressing various causes. Through recruitment and of their own volition women have entered into a male dominated arena to assert their capability to effectively navigate operating within an organization that promotes terror. The literature to follow presents historiographical patterns as to how women become involved in such regimes and how they survive the life of their involvement as a female combatant. Oppression has been a motivating factor for women to become involved with terrorist organizations. Upon investigating female terrorists in the Russian Socialist Revolutionary Party, Knight (1979) found that many of the women who flocked to groups such as the previously mentioned one felt that their opportunities were jilted by an androcentric system. Knight (1979) postulated that the women driven towards committing terrorist acts endorsing violence were “highly motivated, self-assertive young women who may have turned to terror out of a sense of isolation and frustration nurtured in a society that offered them so little opportunity” (p. 145). Oppression being a highly motivating factor to propel women into committing heinous acts was also echoed in Hellmann-Rajanayagam’s (2008) depiction of women members of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Hellmann-Rajanayagam (2008) mirrored sentiments...
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...Asses the significance of the Russian Revolution of 1905 on Government and Culture The significance of the Russian Revolution of 1905 had a dramatic affect on Government and culture.The Russian Revolution of 1905 forced Tsar Nicholas 2 to make radical changes to the way the Government was concerned, and is arguably the end of the autocracy. The Tsar had made concessions on allowing people the freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom of press. He also aloud a creation of a state Duma (Parliament) and that no law could be made without going through the Duma, and also the further development of universal franchise. This was all decided in the October Manifesto. These controls were mainly aimed for the Government side of things. The significance of the revolution had on culture was also a vast improvement than before. Education was now viewed as an important state action, and the fact that the Tsar no longer had absolute control of his subjects lives. Adding to this, the way the Russian Jews were treated and their behavior did also change due to the affects of the Revolution of 1905. Although the Tsar had made many concessions on his power control, he still had vast amounts of power in controlling the Russian Empire. He still had the power to dissolve Duma’s and the secret police was still a vastly strong force within the Empire. However the effects of the Russian Revolution of 1905 had a great impact on Government and on culture of the empire when compared to the way...
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...The relationship between the Industrial Revolution and the Russian Revolution offers many interesting perspectives. Whether the former led to the latter and if so, the timing and context of the same, has been a theme of debate. “For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility."Robert E Lucas, Jr. When and how did the Industrial Revolution come about? Broadly speaking the complete transformation of manufacturing processes in industries especially textiles and iron marked the boom period of this era. The advent of newer and more efficient forms of technology meant that production leap-frogged generating revenue surplus for the economy. It also meant that the demand for raw materials increased multifold, which translated into more demand for colonies for their supply. Thus, technology boosted economy, which in turn impacted the foreign/strategic policies of the countries in question. Quite expectedly, the Industrial Revolution started in Britain and spread to other countries subsequently. Another facet of the Industrial Revolution was the social...
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... Hungarian, Russian, Moravian, Spanish, and other nationalist composers brought all sorts of new melodic and rhythmic resources to the compositional table. Very rapidly, their musical ethnicisms became part of the shared musical language, a composer's country of origin notwithstanding. During the 1860s and 1870s, we see the beginnings of what we might rightly call genuine musical globalism, as composers of every national stripe-- aware and entranced by the ethnic sounds of other nations-- start drawing on those ethnicisms in their own music. The use of one nation's nationalist musical sound by a composer of another nation is called exoticism (L43, 20:42) Chopin blended Polish dance forms and melodies into his compositions; Liszt adapted gypsy music into his work; and Brahms’s Hungarian dances, all contributed to musical nationalism. After the defeat of Napoleon in 1812 and the failed political Decembrist Revolution of December 1825, “The spirit of individual freedom and nationalism the revolution engendered, electrified the intellectual and artistic classes of Russia. Many Russian writers, poets, and musicians made a conscious effort to cultivate a uniquely Russian artistic tradition” (L44, 3:45). Russian nationalism cultivated a unique ethnic sound inspirationally through its writers and poets. One specific poet who had a major influence on Russian operas was Alexander Pushkin ( ) who ultimately, “provided a legitimacy, a literary heritage for a Russian language which...
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...contemporary ballet Petrouchka, was originally composed in 1910. The ballet tells the story of the loves and jealousies of three puppets. The three puppets are brought to life by The Charlatan during St. Petersburg's 1830 Shrovetide Fair and begin to develop emotions. Petruchka a traditional Russian puppet, made of straw and with a bag of sawdust as his body is in love with the Ballerina. The Ballerina rejects Petrouchka and begins to fall for the Moor. Hurt and angry from the rejection of the Ballerina, Petrouchka challenges the Moor to a duel. Petrouchka attacks the Moor, but quickly realizes he is too small and weak. Consequently, Petrouchka runs away with the Moor chasing him from behind. The Moor, soon after kills Petrouchka with a blow of his scimitar. Petrushkas ghost rises above the puppet theatre as night falls. He shakes his fist at The Charlatan, and then collapses in a second death. The original choreographer Michael Fokine deliberately differs the Moor and Petrouchka’s choreography. The movements of the self satisfied Moor, an extrovert, are large and turned out. While the movement of the pathetic, frightened Petrouchka, an introvert, are small and turned in. Fokine had three geometric visions for the posture and the manner in which the puppets moved. The moor is a square, the Ballerina a circle, and Petrouchka a straight line. Petrouchka is often said to depict the tensions of Russia, pre Russian Revolution. The ballet depicts the bitterness between those who stayed...
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...Impact of World War I on Russia up to Feb 1917 Social causes and effects - * People could not afford the basics such as firewood and bread, people died of starvation and of natural causes such as the weather. They suffered a winter falling below -30 degrees. * The price of living increased and wages were increasing as well but not enough. * Closure of factories led to unemployment and even more poverty. * Food was not able to reach towns and cities due to Russia’s terrible transport system. Political causes and effects - * Tsarina Alexandra - War weakened the position of the Tsar; he left Alexandra in charge with Rasputin. The people hated Alexandra as she was German and she refused to listen to the Duma, which frustrated them. She and Rasputin further alienated the Tsar from his people. * Lack of infrastructure in the government - Alexandra continuously dismissed capable ministers and replaced them with Rasputin’s friends, who could not do a thing. This meant nobody in the government was taking care of the supplies such as food and fuel and it was not reaching the people. * Rasputin - Rasputin rose to power even more when the Tsar left for the war front, he influenced Alexandra’s decisions on all aspects of policy. Military causes and effects - * Deaths - Russia suffered horrific defeats at the battles of Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes. A million men were killed in the first 5 months of war. This was due to poor communication and...
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...Russia before their revolutions were much the same. Both had weak rulers and discontented people. In China, a succession of dynasties had ruled since ancient times. At the beginning of 1909, the Chinese emperor Kuang-Hsu had recently died. He left behind three-year-old nephew PuYi to rule the throne with the baby's father, Prince Chun, as regent. Kuang-Hsu's aunt had great power over the rule of her nephew, and she prevented him from taking measures toward the modernizing that China badly needed. China needed a strong, modern monarch to rule and not a three-year-old. Mother Russia had also hosted an absolute monarchy for centuries. By the 1900's, Nicholas II ruled all of Russia's vast territory. His father, Alexander III, ruled strictly but ended up stirring the kettle of discontent before passing the throne to his son. Nicholas ruled about one hundred years too late. Part of the problem was that he came after a series of rulers also in the wrong time. By the time he inherited the throne, there was little hope for Russia's monarchy. Nicholas II further destroyed that hope through extensive war and political entanglements with religious leaders of the Russian Orthodox Church. He participated in several wars despite the fact that his country could not really handle it. This destroyed the trust the masses of peasants and workers had in him, in the church he controlled, and in the government as a whole. Similarly, in China, war raged almost constantly from 1910 to 1949. During this...
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...military leader, General Secretary of the Communist Party, head of the Soviet government. Was born on December 6, in the Georgian city of Gori in a poor family. There he studied in a religious school, then in Orthodox school in Tbilisi. Like Lenin, Stalin was one of the employees of the newspaper "Pravda". After his work "Marxism and the National Question", Lenin saw Stalin as helper in the solving of Bolshevik problems. From 1908 to 1910 Stalin was in exile in the town Solvychegodsk, and from 1913 to 1917 - in the village Kureyka. As a result of the February Revolution he became one of the leaders of the Central Committee, and after the October - he was appointed as Commissar for Nationalities. During the Civil War, Stalin was ordered to look after economic affairs in southern provinces. In 1922 he was elected as a General Secretary of the Central Committee. When Lenin refused from politics, power actually went to the Politburo (consisting of - Stalin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Tomsk, Bukharin). At the XIII Congress of the Russian Communist Party, Stalin resigned, but by the decision of the majority he stayed. After taking over the power Stalin adopted a policy of collectivization, industrialization. Then began the cult of Stalin. Economic development was going according to the plan - Stalin was resurrecting heavy industry. At that time the collective farms were formed, there was cannibalization. As a result of this policy 20 million people died. During the WWII...
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...Russia 1. General Information: St. Petersburg, Russia is the country’s second largest city and is located in the Northwest Federal District. It is approximately 1400 square kilometers in size and has a population of 4.6 million people (as of 2005). The time zone is +3 GMT and +8 from the east coast of the United States. The government of St. Petersburg includes a governor, a city administration and a single-chamber legislative body, the City Legislative Assembly. In 2006, the governorship became an appointed position. The current governor, Valentina Matviyenko, was elected to the position in 2003, and then appointed by the President of the Russian Federation in 2006. The main airport servicing St. Petersburg is Pulkovo International Airport. If traveling by train, St Petersburg has five railway terminals – Baltiysky, Finlyandsky, Ladozhsky, Moskovsky and Vitebsky – within its borders. St. Petersburg features an extensive public transportation system consisting of an underground metro, trams and buses. The underground metro system, the most efficient of the options, opened in 1955 and features five color-coded lines. The fare for the underground transport system is always the same, no matter the distance traveled, and can be paid by token or metro pass. 2. Recent foreign investment: In 2009, the top five countries investing in St. Petersburg (categorized by percentage of total investment volume) were Belarus (15.8 percent), Switzerland (14.7...
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