...ABSTRACT Self-concept is a person’s understanding of who he or she is in terms of personality ,appearance, personal traits e.g. gender and size. Self-esteem refers to person’s evaluation of his or her own worth ,either in specifics such as intelligence ,attractiveness etc. Unrealistic high levels of esteem may decline or lower achievement and at times lead to aggression at various levels of development. At school extracurricular activities has been seen to promote realistic self-esteem while friendship improves self-concept. Self-esteem as a social construction is considered a positive trait in various parts of the world including US while some nations tend to discourage it. Self-concept as a factor of self-esteem changes with time. Many researches have been done trying to identify relationship and effects of self-esteem/self-concept on various components. Some of the researches include; evaluating association between shyness, self-esteem and relationship satisfaction. Effects of self-esteem & self-concept on academic and aggression., influence of esteem on emotional health. The research has also been trying to identify whether gender has significant influence on various components of which the difference appears to be minimal. Darja, K., & Ronalta, G. (2011). Gender difference in self-concept and self-esteem component. New York: ACARDEMIC SEARCH COMPLETE. In the article the author (Darja and Ronalta ) use independent...
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...Building Self-Esteem Essay PSY-460 Fundamentals of Counseling July 21, 2013 Self-esteem is the part of our personas that includes the positive and negative of self-assessment or evaluations, and speaks to how we feel and/or think about ourselves. In other words, the attitudes, ideas, and convictions we have about ourselves can determine who we are, what we can do, and who we can become (Mann et al, 2004). It incorporates the aggregate of our overall beliefs, opinions, understanding(s) and awareness of the personal qualities and characteristics we possess. In life we will experience a lack of assurance or confidence at some time or another, however, those persons who experience low self-esteem are not happy; and are often sad or dissatisfied much of the time (Burton, 2012). We find that self-esteem is a significant psychological component that influences our well-being, as well as enhances the value and quality of our lives. Many in the medical field concur that a healthy self-esteem can offer an advantage to professional success, eliminate many psychological disorders, as well as contribute to better overall health and social behavior. This paper aims to discuss how a simple retooling of a person’s system can alleviate negative views of themselves and/or situations leading to possible psychological disorders. The development of self-esteem and/or how we feel about ourselves begins at a very early age and never stops until we close our eyes in death. In other...
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...Self-image has become an increasingly important concept in our society and with so much mental stimuli so easily available to us; it is easy to see how one can develop low self-esteem and lack confidence when they compare themselves to others. Hopefully, individuals are raised in an environment where important concepts of self-image and confidence can be cultivated in order to give the individual the necessary attributes to be happy, positive, and productive. “Our self-concept is essentially our identity-that is, who we think we really are. We develop our self-concept based on our experiences and others’ reactions and responses to us” (Pg.15 Verderber). This is important because if one develops a healthy attitude towards their identity, it will determine how they interact in society. This also means that our idea of who we are grows with how others interact with us. Interactions in society help one determine how they view themselves when they gauge others’ responses and reactions to the messages, persona, mannerisms, etc. that one gives. “Our self-concept is also formed and maintained by how others react and respond to us” (Pg.17 Verderber). This all leads towards the development of our perception of self; our self-concept and self-esteem. The following is an analysis of my own self-perception based on certain criteria and covers various topics in how I view myself, how accurate it is, how I developed this self-perception, and how this has affected my outlook on...
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...As Tupac Shakur points out in his song “ Keep Ya Head Up” he writes “when he tells you you ain't nuttin' don't believe him and if he can't learn to love you you should leave him” In those lyrics Tupac Shakur identifies the lack of respect that men give women but it is also reminding a woman her self-value. Many people believe that Hip Hop has the ability to connect with the soul. Word Press recently conducted a study and concluded that women are objectified and mistreated in Hip Hop lyrics (Cundiff 13). Hip hop’s derogatory lyrics have effected women’s relationships, body image and self-esteem. Hip Hop lyrics contacting explicit content about women have effected their relationships with men. Some women are infatuated with the Hip Hop artist and the money, cars and lifestyle that they talk about in their lyrics. Women can be oblivious by the lyrics that are being said in Hip Hop songs/ music. They are conforming as well as accepting for Hip Hop artist to degrade them which hinders their relationship with a man by allowing them to be insulting. “Hip Hop is a man’s game”- (Hurt06) Sug Knight , meaning that you have to play the role to get the part, in other words to receive a record deal. Rapper Kanye West wrote a song called “I’m in It”. “Black girl sippin white wine put my fist in her like a civil rights sign” He is clearly stating that it is acceptable to be physically violent with a woman. This type of attitude is what can lead up to abusive relationships. Statistics have...
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...Empty Vessel: Self-esteem Concerns in young girls Gonzalo Melendez University of Texas in El Paso Abstract This paper will take a look at the different dynamics of the rising the issue of the continued decrease in self-esteem in young girls. This paper will inform you of the age that self-esteem becomes a factor in a young girl’s life. It will also address the multiple causes that affect self-esteem in young girls. It will explain the long-term effects that come with low self-esteem and low self-image. Finally it will highlight ways to help mitigate and prevent low self-esteem in young girls in our society. Intro 12 year old Lana wakes up one morning looks in the mirror and thinks “Ewe why are not pretty.” “I really hate the way my jeans look on me.” “I wish I was smart.” The thought process behind a young girls mind today is a scary one. “Today we define self-esteem as ‘positive or negative attitude toward one’s self’’ and can be viewed as a key indicator of a healthy psychological well-being.” (Daniel Clay, 2005). Self-esteem can be fragile and can be easy shattered. Body image is central to adolescent girls’ self- definition, because others have socialized them to believe that appearance is an important basis for self-evaluation and for evaluation. (Daniel Clay, 2005) Poor self-image is a growing issue among most young girls in today’s society. When you think of poor self-image, most people think immediately of looks, but the truth is poor self-image is also how...
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...Self-Understanding – The individual’s cognitive representation of the self, the substance and content of self-conceptions. It is a social cognitive construction. (i.e. a 12 year old boy understands that he is a student, football player, family member, and a video game lover) Abstraction – What the person actually is. Idealism – Positive characteristics of one’s self, and/or what they desire to be like. Differentiation – Adolescents are more likely than children to note contextual or situational variations in describing themselves. Adolescents are more likely than children to understand that they possess several different selves, each one varying in some degree according to a specific role or context. The Fluctuating self – The self continues to be characterized by instability until late adolescence or even early adulthood Maladjustment – A strong discrepancy between the real and ideal self Possible Self – Alternate to the idea of maladjustment. What the individual might become, what they want to become, and what they are afraid of becoming. Self-Comparison – Comparison of self to peers. Adolescents are more likely than children to use self-comparison in evaluating themselves; however their willingness to admit that they engage in social comparison for this purpose declines during adolescence because they view these acts as socially undesirable. Self-Consciousness – Adolescent’s friends are often the main source of reflected self-appraisals, the social mirror into...
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...Leaders and Leadership An Analysis of Kevin Rollins and his Leadership Style MBA 517 –T 03/14/2010 The Organizational Gems Christina Lakich Nick Madara Brenda Mercado Karla Reeves Outcomes Elements of Leadership From the case, we analyzed Kevin Rollins Leadership style and gathered that he has five distinct elements. First, he is a formal leader, as CEO he is given the authority to allocate the company’s resources the way he feels will make the company more productive and profitable. He was given this power when he succeeded Michael Dell as CEO, before then he was second in command and did not have as much influence over the company’s resources. Another element to his leadership is his need for continuous improvement. After the huge decline in revenue Dell decided to sell its products in Wal-Mart stores in order to reach lower income consumers as well as continuing to sell directly from their website, however, Rollins saw that in the long run this could actually cause the company to lose money because Dell only provided their products in certain retail stores. This demonstrates how he jumped right in to tackle the company’s biggest problem: not meeting their projected revenue, and how he can come up with ways to improve their current situation. The third element to Rollins’ leadership style is initiating structure; he is always analyzing...
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...Anggraini, Atalya. 2012. A Study of Josephine Alibrandi’s Self-Concept in Melina Marchetta’s Looking for Alibrandi. Study Program of English, Department of Languages and Literature, Faculty of Culture Studies, Universitas Brawijaya. Supervisor:Dyah Eko Hapsari; Co-supervisor: Arcci Tusita Keywords: self-concept, self-image, self-ideal, self-esteem Humans always actualize themselves actively. They experience developmental process, which is influenced by endogenous and exogenous factors. This study deals with how human being encounters conflicts in his life, which give effect to his self-concept. The aim of this research is to analyze Josephine’s self-concept, the main character of the novel, as it is portrayed in Melina Marchetta’s Looking for Alibrandi. Psychological approach is assessed and applied to the analysis of the novels with the consideration that self-concept is relevant to Josephine’s psychological aspect. The theoretical framework to be used when analyzing the texts is derived from the idea of self-concept, which is a result of composition of self-image, self-ideal, and self-esteem. Attention is also given to influential factors to Josephine’s self-concept. The study finds that Josephine perceives herself as unattractive, disrespectful, overdramatic, smart and she has to deal with her social status as a ‘wog’ and an illegitimate child. She wants to be a barrister and being accepted by society. The fact that “having affair” becomes her family’s genetic...
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...Olivia Fortier March 14, 2014 C. Hellwig English 102-038 Rhetorical Analysis Women Don’t Have to Be One Shape to Be Beautiful Dove’s Real Beauty advertising campaign is meant to promote a positive body image for young girls and women alike. The campaign was designed to combat problems women have been facing for decades, even centuries: self esteem issues and unrealistic views on body image. If you ask a woman her definition of beauty she will more than likely give you the description of a fashion model. The fashion models portray an unattainable, unrealistic, and often times unhealthy body image. Most women have a skewed image of what a healthy body physique looks like because of what they have seen in the pages of magazines, or billboards, or on television from an early age. Dove’s Real Beauty campaign features eleven women of all sizes, body types, and heights. They wear white lingerie, but of different styles to fit their body types. Dove used women of different races, hairstyles and hair colors. The Dove Real Beauty campaign provided a revolutionary view of beauty for young girls and women, and put on emphasis on self-esteem. The Dove Real Beauty campaign appealed to the average sized women, all over the globe, all races, from all walks of life, and from every age. From an early age women are led to believe that the 5’11” 115 pound model is the image of perfection and they should strive to look like the women in the magazines or the fashion models strutting...
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... Current Psychological Well-being. BY: Gloria Hanna Abstract Previous studies have shown that weight stigma and bullying can have detrimental effects on a person’s psychological well-being. Depression, self-esteem, loneliness, and perceived stress were measured as a result of personal experiences with bullying, specifically concerning weight stigma and weight based bullying, in comparison to other forms of bullying (e.g., being shy, having freckles). University students self-reported about times when they experienced bullying using an online survey and also completed measures of current depression, self-esteem, loneliness, and perceived stress. Consistent differences in current psychological well-being were observed when comparing responses from students who had been bullied to those from students who had never been bullied. However, no significant differences were found when comparing students who reported being bullied for different reasons. These findings suggest that bullying for any reason can be detrimental to several aspects of young adults’ mental health, including depression, self-esteem, loneliness, and perceived stress. Keywords: body weight, bullying, depression, self-esteem, loneliness, perceived stress Levels of obesity have been on the rise in adults, adolescents, and in young children, tripling over the past 30 years (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2010)...
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...Christian Perspectives on Self-Esteem Jason A Redcay Regent University Introduction The meaning of the term “esteem” is favorable in that it gives a person to his own self. It is the well regarded condition and feeling of delight approval. Therefore, self-esteem is a regard for self to think and favorably honor oneself. Undoubtedly, it is a chief part of our daily life in which people engage. Christians who spread the teaching of self-esteem create a weak showing at finding self- esteem ideologies and patterns in the Bible. The pure fact is that the concept of self- esteem movements is neither scientific nor Biblical. It is only an exaggerated zeal that ultimately passes away and does astonishing damage in our society and which is unfortunately found in the majority of our churches. By the grace of God, Christians are not required to come into the lies of Satan. Most Christians disagree with this concept and they badly try to attempt some possible efforts to scratch some Biblical support. What is further, they ransack Scriptures and its verses in order to provide some Biblical acceptance to the theory. But the Bible does not contain such phenomenon to fall in favor of self-esteem however few Christians will disagree to believe. This study is very important to discuss for getting proper knowledge about the self-esteem perception. Thesis Statement The paper is designed to highlight the facts about the biblical and non-biblical concept of self-esteem, which is the conflicting...
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...The Self Paper Maggie Morrison PSYCH/555 November 11, 2013 Deirdre Teaford The concept of self The concept of self is an assortment of belief and understanding of how each person see things differently because of their feelings, beliefs, interpersonal relationship, and attitude. The term self identifies a person racial, sexual and gender roles, it is what makes them different from everyone else. In order to determine a successful investigate, social psychologist have separated self concept in two structures: conceptual and operational. Conceptual is define as self-concept which is separated into four characteristics, that consist of the material self, the inner self, the interpersonal self and the societal self, which is a reflection of a person and their different roles interactions with others. A person’s personality, characteristics, appearances, and social qualities is what makes you, it creates a difficult person of knowing and understanding the real you is not so easy. Finally, this image was created in many ways; however, it is influenced by our interactions with significant people in our lives (Cherry, 2013). Each person self consists of characteristic and personality traits distinguish us from other people. The relational of self is having personal relationships with your husband, wife, mother, father, sister, and brother. Self-concept represents the person I am or the person I have become. Self-concept is also made up as one self schema, which works together...
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...Coping With Bullying in Schools School Bullying Unit 6 Project Kennetha Kornegay CM107 I. Introduction a. As the safety of U.S. Schools has become an important public policy issue, interest in the problem of school bullying has intensified. b. A report, released in 2002 by the U.S. Secret Service, concluded that bullying plays a big role in many school shooting. II. Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. a. Affects those who witness bullying b. Affects those who are bullied c. Affects those who bully III. What counselors do to help with bullying? A. offer one-on-one counseling B. transactional analysis C. cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) IV. What can parents do? a. Talk to your child; sit down in a quiet place with no arguing and talk with your child about the negative effects of bullying and how they can help to prevent it. All kids need to be aware of this, whether they are getting bullied or not, because if they witness it they need to contact their adult superior for help. b. Talk to the teacher; set up random conferences with their teacher to make sure that the child is neither bullying nor getting bullied. The teacher usually notices these types of negative behaviors being present at the schools. c. Talk to the head of schools; if the teacher or principal at the school could not prevent the bullying from reoccurring, then the parent may have to contact the head...
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...ease and calmness. Self confidence is something that helps lead to accomplishments. It is the first step to achievement and success. Even if you have a lot of abilities and a lot of knowledge, if you do not have self-confidence you cannot be a success. But, on the contrary, even if you have only average abilities and knowledge, if you have an unfailingly true self-confidence, chances are that you will achieve what you want to. Sometimes a lack of self-confidence stems merely from a lack of experience. For example you may not feel so confident about taking the SAT test or acting in a stage play if you have never done it before. These feelings will change as you grow and experience more things in your life. Sometimes, however, a lack of self-confidence can stem from feelings of insecurity. Sometimes we have bad feelings about ourselves and we bury them deep inside. When we do this, we tend not to assert ourselves and take chances because we fear our "secrets" will be revealed. If your lack of self-confidence stems from bad feelings you harbor about yourself, you are also experiencing something perfectly normal and common. But it is a normal feeling that you can and should change. Those who are low in self confidence doubt their ability. Confidence plays a very important role in an individuals success be it in business career, relationship or in anything you do. You have self confidence if you fully believe and have trust in yourself. When you do not have self confidence you are...
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...emotional development of pupils * by focusing on creating emotional competence in pupils, a lot of behavioural issues can be prevented * modelling pro-social behaviour such as appropriate facial expressions and tone of voice can be effective in doing this, the opposite is also true * by over reacting to an undesirable behaviour, the teacher is reinforcing that behaviour Self-Esteem * A lot of bad behaviour is rooted in low self-esteem * pupils with repeated experience of rejection/failure respond by attention seeking and disruptive behaviours * self-esteem linked to gap between an individual’s self image and their ideal self * self-esteem is an evaluation of out traits and characteristics * Laurence (1996) indicates correlation between teacher and student self-esteem * teachers in powerful position to influence academic and emotional development of pupils * creating warm positive and caring classroom environment is important * talking to pupils about their interests/families/hobbies can help to gain an insight into the pupil and deal with self-esteem issues * use emotional vocabulary in the classroom * encourage the vocalisation of emotional experiences * explicit teaching of instructions to handle difficult situations e.g. bullying, is part of SPHE curriculum but can also form part of incidental learning in the classroom * teacher should communicate to pupils that they are liked, respected and worthy of attention ...
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