Premium Essay

The Celluloid Closet

Submitted By
Words 1451
Pages 6
“Take It Like A Man”
What do we get when we drop marginalized people, specifically homosexual men, into positions of social prominence? The answer, contradictory in its own right, is quite simple: martyrdom. The martyrdom of homosexual men in film and television stems from the idea that homosexuality is a perversion that must not be displayed publicly (“Homosexuality in Film”). To avoid total non-representation, characters are, instead, martyred. In many cases, which will be briefly explored in this essay, gay characters are victims of other people and are killed. In other cases, which will also be explored in this essay, gay characters experience a slow and torturous victimhood before ultimately taking their own lives or succumbing to some …show more content…
Often, the solution to this problem was to kill off gay characters. The Celluloid Closet, served as an in-depth analysis of cinema’s history of either victimizing gay characters or turning them into villains in order to justify their deaths. Referencing multiple examples of the gay victim stereotype, the film focuses particularly on the external causes of gay victimhood. About twenty-five minutes into the documentary, a scene from the 1956 drama Tea and Sympathy depicts aspiring folk singer Tom Robinson Lee and his roommate Al in the midst of a heated argument stemming from Tom’s effeminate behavior. In the scene, Tom glided across the room—smoothly and languidly, almost unsure of his every step, until he reached a suitable distance from Al. Tom, defeated, said to Al, “Al, I’m sorry. Tell me how I walk”. After an explanation, Tom said to Al, eagerly, “Well then you walk. Let me watch you”, in an effort to learn how to walk in a more definite and purposeful manner, therefore embodying masculinity. Concerning the underlying message of the scene, Film Historian Richard Dyer explained, “Tea and Sympathy is definitely about being homosexual. It’s a film that’s about curing homosexuality. And signs of homosexuality are effeminacy” (Dyer, The Celluloid Closet). The motion picture industry would go on to confirm the assertions set forth by Tea and Sympathy through the victimhood and ultimate martyrdom of gay

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Take It Like A Man Analysis

...However, this was not always the case. Up until 1930, gay characters were not martyred; however equally as troubling, they were a source of humor. The motion that changed this was the Hays Production Code of 1930. The code censored motion pictures by restricting certain topics from being addressed or depicted. According to director Rob Epstein’s 1992 documentary film titled The Celluloid Closet, due to the Hays code in tandem with regulations set forth by the catholic church’s Legion of Decency, the following restrictions prevailed: “open-mouthed kissing, lustful embraces, sex perversion, seduction, rape, abortion, prostitution and white slavery, nudity, obscenity, and profanity.” Initially, homosexuality, falling under the category of sex perversion, was nearly completely erased. With time, however, homosexuality was back on the silver screen, only this time creators wrote gay characters that supported the very code that caused their near...

Words: 1438 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Comparing Epstein And Friedman's The Danish Girl

...LGBT people have faced varying amounts of representation in media over the years, specifically movies as documented in Epstein and Friedman’s The Celluloid Closet. All LGBT movies face a common struggle of displaying the LGBT identity and community in a way that is accurate, enticing, and socially acceptable. Hooper’s The Danish Girl is one such movie. It is a highly fictionalized account of the life of Einar Wegener, a painter in a seemingly wonderful marriage to another painter, Gerda. However, as time goes on Einer transitions into her new identity,Lili. Lili Elbe was an actual person, famous for being the first woman to recieve sex reassignment surgery. The movie explores the shift in the identity of the main character from Einar to Lili....

Words: 400 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Queer Representation in Media - Interview Research Paper

...Media has changed people’s perception about different kinds of ideologies. One of the most powerful visual media that shapes our society is advertisement. It is almost inevitable to ignore advertisements and attempt to remain unaffected, butadvertisements both reflect and shape society norms. Compare to when society was more restricted by conservative regulations, such as Hayes Law, increasing numbers of advertisements in western culture allow queer people to represent in ways that are inclusive and respectful. Many companies have chosen to target on homosexual people who comprised a large potential market. Companies provide positive queer images in exchange for queer people’s good will and support. An example is Expedia’s Find Your Understanding, an ad released on Oct 2nd, has gained more than 2.2 million views. It is a moving tale told by Artie Goldstein, a retired business owner who described his emotion and reaction while traveling to his daughter’s, Vickie’s marriage with another woman. “That startled me. I told her, this is not the dream I have for my daughter,” said Artie when his daughter first asked his permission for marrying another woman. His arrival at his daughter’s wedding and witnessing how happy his daughter is were the turning points. “ You come to terms with it and say this is the nature order of things in your life, and it is supposed to be this way,” he said. His apprehension turned into true acceptance. I decided to pick this video as my analysis...

Words: 1302 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Still to Come

...Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Research Papers Graduate School 8-2014 Nollywood: A Case Study of the Rising Nigerian Film Industry- Content & Production Elizabeth T. Giwa Southern Illinois University Carbondale, toyin.e.giwa@gmail.com Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/gs_rp Recommended Citation Giwa, Elizabeth T., "Nollywood: A Case Study of the Rising Nigerian Film Industry- Content & Production" (2014). Research Papers. Paper 518. http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/gs_rp/518 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Papers by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact opensiuc@lib.siu.edu. NOLLYWOOD: A CASE STUDY OF THE RISING NIGERIAN FILM INDUSTRYCONTENT & PRODUCTION by Toyin Elizabeth Giwa B.S., Southern Illinois University, 2010 A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Department of Mass Communication and Media Arts in the Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale August 2014 Copyright by ELIZABETH TOYIN GIWA, 2014 All Rights Reserved REASEARCH PAPER APPROVAL NOLLYWOOD: A CASE STUDY OF THE RISING NIGERIAN FILM INDUSTRY CONTENT & PRODUCTION By Elizabeth Toyin Giwa A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the field of Professional Media and Media Management...

Words: 11483 - Pages: 46

Free Essay

Eq Essay

...My Hobby We all do some kind of a work either to earn our live hood or to make a career. Hobby is something which we enjoy doing, we like indulging ourselves in the activity during our leisure or free time. We all have our likes and dislike. We enjoy doing something more than others. A hobby gives us pleasure for we do it, for the love of the work and not under compulsion to earn. Thus, it is more fulfilling and gives us more satisfaction and joy. Pursuing a hobby also increase one’s efficiency, interest and ability. It gives an opportunity to full development of one’s various aspects of personality. Hobbies like collecting stamps, listening music, drawing, gardening, playing an indoor or outdoor sport, writing, reading, bird watching, collecting antiques, photography etc, are very educative. We learn many things with practical insights which we cannot learn from. One of the favourite things that I enjoy doing is gardening. I like the joy of beholding a blooming garden, a green lawn and greener plants at home. Therefore, it has become my hobby now. I caught this habit of nurturing plants from my mother. Now with her help and my renewed interest we have managed to maintain a small garden in front of our porch. It has a green carpet of velvet grass and a small trimmed hedge growing around it. We have also prepared flowerbeds in which we have planted a few rose bushes, lilies, sunflowers, China rose and colourful variety of seasonal flowers. We also have grown gladioli, orchids...

Words: 4866 - Pages: 20

Free Essay

Lovestories Book

...http://www.ebooksread.com/ THE WORKS OF MARY ROBERTS RINEHART LOVE STORIES THE REVIEW OF REVIEWS COMPANY Publishers NEW YORK PUBLISHED BY ARRANGEMENT WITH GEORGE H. DORAN COMPANY. Copyright, 1919, By George H. Doran Company Copyright, 1912, 1913, 1916, by the Curtis Publishing Company Copyright, 1912, by The McClure Publications, Inc. Copyright, 1917, by The Metropolitan Magazine Co. CONTENTS I TWENTY-TWO II JANE III IN THE PAVILION IV GOD'S FOOL V THE MIRACLE VI "ARE WE DOWNHEARTED? NO!" VII THE GAME LOVE STORIES TWENTY-TWO I The Probationer's name was really Nella Jane Brown, but she was entered in the training school as N. Jane Brown. However, she meant when she was accepted to be plain Jane Brown. Not, of course, that she could ever be really plain. People on the outside of hospitals have a curious theory about nurses, especially if they are under twenty. They believe that they have been disappointed in love. They never think that they may intend to study medicine later on, or that they may think nursing is a good and honourable career, or that they may really like to care for the sick. The man in this story had the theory very hard. When he opened his eyes after the wall of the warehouse dropped, N. Jane Brown was sitting beside him. She had been practising counting pulses on him, and her eyes were slightly upturned and very earnest. There was a strong odour of burnt rags in the air, and the man sniffed. Then he put a hand to his upper lip--the right hand. She was holding...

Words: 75244 - Pages: 301

Premium Essay

Serial Killer

...VOLUME EDITOR S. WALLER is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Montana State University Bozeman. Her areas of research are philosophy of neurology, philosophy of cognitive ethology (especially dolphins, wolves, and coyotes), and philosophy of mind, specifically the parts of the mind we disavow. SERIES EDITOR FRITZ ALLHOFF is an Assistant Professor in the Philosophy Department at Western Michigan University, as well as a Senior Research Fellow at the Australian National University’s Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics. In addition to editing the Philosophy for Everyone series, Allhoff is the volume editor or co-editor for several titles, including Wine & Philosophy (Wiley-Blackwell, 2007), Whiskey & Philosophy (with Marcus P. Adams, Wiley, 2009), and Food & Philosophy (with Dave Monroe,Wiley-Blackwell, 2007). P H I L O S O P H Y F O R E V E RYO N E Series editor: Fritz Allhoff Not so much a subject matter, philosophy is a way of thinking.Thinking not just about the Big Questions, but about little ones too.This series invites everyone to ponder things they care about, big or small, significant, serious … or just curious. Running & Philosophy: A Marathon for the Mind Edited by Michael W. Austin Wine & Philosophy: A Symposium on Thinking and Drinking Edited by Fritz Allhoff Food & Philosophy: Eat,Think and Be Merry Edited by Fritz Allhoff and Dave Monroe Beer & Philosophy: The Unexamined Beer Isn’t Worth Drinking Edited by Steven D. Hales Whiskey & Philosophy:...

Words: 90119 - Pages: 361

Free Essay

"The Welcome Table

...2 The latest version of this guide can always be found at http://nofilmschool.com/dslr 2010-2012 Ryan Koo This document is licensed under Creative Commons, so the following freedoms apply. However, I would request you do not email this PDF to a friend; instead, please send them to http://nofilmschool.com/dslr where they can get their own copy of the guide for free. Thanks very much. You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution — You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. You can find out more about this license at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ nofilmschool.com/dslr 3 Most people would charge good money for this guide, but I’m giving it away free. In return, I ask that you please help support NoFilmSchool! You can do this via the following: Share the guide If you have a blog or website, please write a post telling others about NoFilmSchool (and the DSLR Guide)! If you don’t have a website, please share NoFilmSchool via Facebook, Twitter, or any other social network. Also, be sure to friend us on: Facebook...

Words: 22155 - Pages: 89

Free Essay

Onehundredyearsofsolitude

...Gabriel Garcia Marquez One Hundred Years of Solitude Chapter 1 MANY YEARS LATER as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendía was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice. At that time Macondo was a village of twenty adobe houses, built on the bank of a river of clear water that ran along a bed of polished stones, which were white and enormous, like prehistoric eggs. The world was so recent that many things lacked names, and in order to indicate them it was necessary to point. Every year during the month of March a family of ragged gypsies would set up their tents near the village, and with a great uproar of pipes and kettledrums they would display new inventions. First they brought the magnet. A heavy gypsy with an untamed beard and sparrow hands, who introduced himself as Melquíades, put on a bold public demonstration of what he himself called the eighth wonder of the learned al-chemists of Macedonia. He went from house to house dragging two metal ingots and everybody was amazed to see pots, pans, tongs, and braziers tumble down from their places and beams creak from the desperation of nails and screws trying to emerge, and even objects that had been lost for a long time appeared from where they had been searched for most and went dragging along in turbulent confusion behind Melquíades’ magical irons. “Things have a life of their own,” the gypsy proclaimed with a harsh accent. “It’s simply a matter of waking up their souls.” José...

Words: 145907 - Pages: 584

Premium Essay

Lonely Planet

...THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL : THE DEFINITIVE EDITION Anne Frank Edited by Otto H. Frank and Mirjam Pressler Translated by Susan Massotty -- : -BOOK FLAP Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl is among the most enduring documents of the twentieth century. Since its publication in 1947, it has been read by tens of millions of people all over the world. It remains a beloved and deeply admired testament to the indestructable nature of the human spirit. Restore in this Definitive Edition are diary entries that had been omitted from the original edition. These passages, which constitute 30 percent more material, reinforce the fact that Anne was first and foremost a teenage girl, not a remote and flawless symbol. She fretted about, and tried to copie with, her own emerging sexuality. Like many young girls, she often found herself in disagreement with her mother. And like any teenager, she veered between the carefree nature of a child and the full-fledged sorrow of an adult. Anne emerges more human, more vulnerable, and more vital than ever. Anne Frank and her family, fleeing the horrors of Nazi occupation, hid in the back of an Amsterdam warehouse for two years. She was thirteen when the family went into the Secret Annex, and in these pages she grows to be a young woman and a wise observer of human nature as well. With unusual insight, she reveals the relations between eight people living under extraordinary conditions, facing hunger, the ever-present threat of discovery and death, complete...

Words: 102787 - Pages: 412

Premium Essay

Skills of Business

...A Stranger in the Mirror By: Sidney Sheldon Category: Fiction Suspense Synopsis: Toby Temple is a superstar, the world's funniest man. He gets any woman that he wants, but under the superstar image is a lonely man. Jill Castle is a sensuous starlet. She has a dark and mysterious past and has an ambition even greater than Toby's. Together they rule Hollywood. Last printing: 05/21/02 `;/91' ISBN: 0-2366-102-9772-1 Sidney Sheldon has had a most remarkable career. The New York Times acclaimed his novel. The Naked Face, as ' the best first mystery novel of the year '. At the age of twenty-four Mr Sheldon had three hit musicals playing simultaneously on Broadway. A theatrical motion picture, and television producer-writer-director, Mr Sheldon has been awarded an Oscar for his original screenplay of The Bachelor and the Bobby Soxer, Screen Writers Guild Awards for Annie Get Tour Gun and Easter Parade and a Tony for Broadway show Redhead. He lives in Los Angeles with his wife, actress Jorja Curtright, and their daughter Mary. Books by Sidney Shelton A STRANGER W THE MIRROR THB OTHBK SIDE OF MIDNIGHT THH NAKED FACE A STRANGER IN THE MIRROR by Sidney Sheldon First published 1976 by Hodder and Stoughton Ltd © Sidney Sheldon 1976 First Indian edition published 1976 by the macmillan company of india ltd under arrangement with Pan Books Ltd, Cavaye Place, London SW10 9PG Reprinted 1981 This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent...

Words: 36901 - Pages: 148

Premium Essay

Reading Slills

...A Stranger in the Mirror By: Sidney Sheldon Category: Fiction Suspense Synopsis: Toby Temple is a superstar, the world's funniest man. He gets any woman that he wants, but under the superstar image is a lonely man. Jill Castle is a sensuous starlet. She has a dark and mysterious past and has an ambition even greater than Toby's. Together they rule Hollywood. Last printing: 05/21/02 `;/91' ISBN: 0-2366-102-9772-1 Sidney Sheldon has had a most remarkable career. The New York Times acclaimed his novel. The Naked Face, as ' the best first mystery novel of the year '. At the age of twenty-four Mr Sheldon had three hit musicals playing simultaneously on Broadway. A theatrical motion picture, and television producer-writer-director, Mr Sheldon has been awarded an Oscar for his original screenplay of The Bachelor and the Bobby Soxer, Screen Writers Guild Awards for Annie Get Tour Gun and Easter Parade and a Tony for Broadway show Redhead. He lives in Los Angeles with his wife, actress Jorja Curtright, and their daughter Mary. Books by Sidney Shelton A STRANGER W THE MIRROR THB OTHBK SIDE OF MIDNIGHT THH NAKED FACE A STRANGER IN THE MIRROR by Sidney Sheldon First published 1976 by Hodder and Stoughton Ltd © Sidney Sheldon 1976 First Indian edition published 1976 by the macmillan company of india ltd under arrangement with Pan Books Ltd, Cavaye Place, London SW10 9PG Reprinted 1981 This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent...

Words: 36901 - Pages: 148

Free Essay

Aicirteam

...Athletic HISTORY The first modern-style indoor athletics meetings were recorded shortly after in the 1860s, including a meet at Ashburnham Hall in London which featured four running events and a triple jump competition. The Amateur Athletic Association (AAA) was established in England in 1880 as the first national body for the sport of athletics and began holding its own annual athletics competition – the AAA Championships. The United States also began holding an annual national competition – the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships – first held in 1876 by the New York Athletic Club.[14] Athletics became codified and standardized via the English AAA and other general sports organisations in the late 19th century, such as the Amateur Athletic Union (founded in the US in 1888) and the Union des sociétésfrançaises de sports athlétiques (founded in France in 1889). An athletics competition was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and it has been as one of the foremost competitions at the quadrennial multi-sport event ever since. Originally for men only, the 1928 Olympics saw the introduction of women's events in the athletics programme. Athletics is part of the Paralympic Games since the inaugural Games in 1960. Athletics has a very high profile during major championships, especially the Olympics, but otherwise is less popular. An international governing body, the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF), was founded in 1912; it adopted its current...

Words: 43282 - Pages: 174

Free Essay

English Study

...文勇的新托福精选阅读(原黄金29篇)真题[2010年4月3日 5.8版本] 俺常常收到同学们的邮件,要我推荐各种各样阅读材料,问我iBT的复习资料中 Barron, Longman, Delta等等哪个更好。我其实很无奈---因为尽管这些机构很大牌,但大牌丝毫都不意味着文章“质量高”(比如你可以想想三鹿奶粉)---说这些机构的文章质量不高,并不是说文字写得不好,而是说这些文章的句子结构, 论述方式, 出题思路与ETS的并不一致(有时候甚至大相径庭):用这样的材料训练,实在是 事倍功半。 于是,我们实在应该去找找由ETS出的iBT文章来做:(我们能够找到的|由ETS编纂的标准iBT文章有) 1. OG[1]之中的13篇文章[2];(其中3篇为第三版OG之中的文章) 2. 13次(套)TPO[3]之中的3*13=39篇文章[4]; 3. 早期[5]报名之时ETS赠送的3篇在线测试题 4. ETS官方给出的模考软件之中抽出的1篇文章; 于是这个文档在我的一时兴起之下,出现了: OG拿在手上,可以一个个字的敲成电子版;TPO的所有考试都是在自己的计算机进行,于是可以一边花钱参加考试,一边截图与录像---再利用截下来的图片,逐个的敲下来;早期的ETS赠送的3篇在线测试题,我也恰好有电子版本;官方的模考软件稍微用点功夫,就能将文章提取并复制出来。虽然工作有些繁杂,但总算完成了所有文章的敲打工作。再花了些时间,把这53篇文章都做了答案,附在文章的后面。(由于TPO之中有3篇文章与OG中完全重复,于是减去3篇,只剩下53篇。)同时我还更正了OG上几个明显的错误(详见文后附录)当然,我还做出了方便大家理解文章的参考译文,附在文章的后面。 在这53篇由ETS出的文章没有做完之前,我们实在不应该花时间在任何其他的题目之上。我有时候甚至会对着我的弟兄们高呼:“没有把这53篇做3遍,你好意思上考场么?你好意思花钱在任何一本垃圾书上面么?[6]” 另外,如果你正在准备iBT-SAT-GRE的作文部分或者写留学文书,也应该仔细的琢磨一下这些文章:经过ETS打磨的文章,无一不是精妙绝伦,极具模仿价值。常常有同学拜托我帮她(他)写PS,也说起自己的句子怎么看都像是小学生写的(尽管用上了GRE里面的单词),于是会随口问我“勇哥,您的写作能力是怎么训练出来的。”我说,“看呗,看呗:托福文章看多了,写作能力自然就提高了。” “这ETS的这些文章真的那么好?”。每当听到这个问题,我都会装做赵本山的样子来一句“谁用谁知道~~” 文勇 欢迎进行未删节的转载|且不必告诉我你转载到哪里去|都是一个战壕里面的弟兄啊… 告诉大家一个好消息,本文档中的TPO1-TPO9,以及在线测试题和官方模考题目的解析已经在市面上可以买到了!(好吧,我承认以下显然是广告部分): 这本《托福真题详解-阅读分卷-第一册》是给弟兄们现在市面上可以获得的TPO1-TPO9阅读部分的文章解析,题目解析,中文翻译和每篇文章的必备词汇:文章解析是为了让大家养成从整体抓文章结构的感觉,题目解析是为了使大家能够在做完题之后知道正确选项为什么对,错误选项为什么错——并且因此来培养良好的做题思路,中文翻译是为了帮助大家扫除那些自以为理解对但实际理解有误的句子,在每篇文章后面配上必备词汇无非是为了节省大家的一些查单词而已。 另外,这本书还包含了一张CD(我想你可能第一次听说阅读书...

Words: 138860 - Pages: 556

Premium Essay

Business

...C h a p t e r 1 Prewriting GETTING STARTED (OR SOUP-CAN LABELS CAN BE FASCINATING) For many writers, getting started is the hardest part. You may have noticed that when it is time to begin a writing assignment, you suddenly develop an enormous desire to straighten your books, water your plants, or sharpen your pencils for the fifth time. If this situation sounds familiar, you may find it reassuring to know that many professionals undergo these same strange compulsions before they begin writing. Jean Kerr, author of Please Don’t Eat the Daisies, admits that she often finds herself in the kitchen reading soup-can labels—or anything—in order to prolong the moments before taking pen in hand. John C. Calhoun, vice president under Andrew Jackson, insisted he had to plow his fields before he could write, and Joseph Conrad, author of Lord Jim and other novels, is said to have cried on occasion from the sheer dread of sitting down to compose his stories. To spare you as much hand-wringing as possible, this chapter presents some practical suggestions on how to begin writing your short essay. Although all writers must find the methods that work best for them, you may find some of the following ideas helpful. But no matter how you actually begin putting words on paper, it is absolutely essential to maintain two basic ideas concerning your writing task. Before you write a single sentence, you should always remind yourself that 1. You have some valuable ideas to tell your reader,...

Words: 234754 - Pages: 940