...http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2013/images/11/24/iran.text.pdf • Pause efforts to further reduce Iran's crude oil sales, enabling Iran's current customers to purchase their current average amounts of crude oil. Enable the repatriation of an agreed amount of revenue held abroad. For such oil sales, suspend the EU and U.S. sanctions on associated insurance and transportation services. • Suspend U.S. and EU sanctions on: o Iran's petrochemical exports, as well as sanctions on associated services.5 o Gold and precious metals, as well as sanctions on associated services. • Suspend U.S. sanctions on Iran's auto industry, as well as sanctions on associated services. • License the supply and installation in Iran of spare parts for safety of flight for Iranian civil aviation and associated services. License safety related inspections and repairs in Iran as well as associated services. • Establish a financial channel to facilitate humanitarian trade for Iran's domestic needs using Iranian oil revenues held abroad. Humanitarian trade would be defined as transactions involving food and agricultural products, medicine, medical devices, and medical expenses incurred abroad. This channel would involve specified foreign banks and non-designated Iranian banks to be defined when establishing the channel. o This channel could also enable: transactions required to pay Iran's UN obligations; and, direct tuition payments to universities and colleges for Iranian students studying...
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...Alexander the Great’s life Achievements Alex the Great as most of the civilized world knows him, was king of the Macedonians and one of the greatest generals in history. Aristotle’s most well known student; Alexander was embedded with lasting interests in philosophy, politics and warfare. During his years as king, he solved problems by instantaneous actions, making quick decisions and taking great risks. His armies overcame all these risks by pure force and by the ingenious tactics used by Alexander. He and his armies conquered the Persian Empire, which extended from the Mediterranean Sea to India and formed much of what was then considered the civilized world. Through his conquests, Alexander helped spread Greek ideas, customs and laws throughout Asia and Egypt and adopted a consistent currency system to promote trade and commerce. Furthermore he spread the rich Hellenistic culture enjoyed by the Greeks throughout the world. Alexander had a dream of the brotherhood of mankind everywhere a group of people shared a common language, currency and loyalty; however he was unable to see his dream come true due to an illness that claimed his life at the young age of 33. Alexander was born in 356 B.C. He was born in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia. He was the son of Philip II, king of Macedonia, and of Olympias, a princess of Epirus. At the age of 13, Aristotle was hired to be Alexander’s private tutor. Aristotle inspired interests of politics, other races of...
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...Essay 3, written by Emily Greentree DRAFT The main character in Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood, a comic book written and illustrated by Marjane Satrapi, is Marjane while she was growing up with her family during the Islamic Revolution. She is an educated young girl and is raised by a family who fights for freedom in the revolution. Her father, Ebi Satrapi, and her mother, Taji Satrapi, are protecting their daughter while also protecting human rights to defend their culture and land. Iraq bombs are dropping in their lands of Iran and Iran troops are fighting to defend. Her family has friends who are communists and her uncle was in prison for 9 years because he was communist too. Marji reflects on the events around her and shares with the reader about the difficulties of the war and growing up with a regime changing culture. The school demonstrations become violent and she has more reasons to not to be living in Iran any longer. Her parents decide she should live in Austria. The panel on bottom page 146 has Marjane lying in bed. The frame of the panel is a rectangle that stretches from the entire left side of the page to the right side of the page. The panel’s height is about a third of the page, and looks somewhat similar to the other frames on the page. Above the panel there is a star and the words ‘equivalent to $5.00’ written in the gutter. That phrase does not apply to this frame, it applies to the frame above this one indicating that 500 tumans is 5 dollars...
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...Xavier Borbor May 3, 2012 CORC 3101 The Harsh Realities of Life In Persepolis, Marjane Satrapi explores the realities of her native land. She begins the story as a intelligent young pre-teen with a promising future. As she grows older she sees how cold the world is outside of her homeland as she lives through a near self-destructing phase of her life. She is capable of catching herself in this free fall with the help and guidance of her family a little while after returning home. In the story, her country continuously is fighting from freedom all the while she’s searching for her own identity. Throughout the book there are various things going on that can alter an individual’s point of view in search of their identity. To understand clearly, I break down my research on topics concerning the government, religion, social classes, the history concerning the country and the educational requirements that need to be met in the Iranian society. My research consist of material from Marjane Satrapi’s book, Persepolis. “2500 years of tyranny and submission” as my father said. First our own emperors. Then the Arab invasion from the west. Followed by the Mongolian invasion from the east. And finally modern imperialism (Satrapi 11). In the views of her father, their country has always been fighting for freedom. Trying to escape oppression there is always a revolution on the rise as the position of power changes hands. Never the less written in a passage titled The Bicycle, Marjane Satrapi...
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...Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia when he was only twenty years of age. Before he became king his father, Philip II, would take him on military campaigns. After his father’s death, he quickly moved to assert his authority. People considered Alexandra the Great a brilliant military tactician and leader. During the reign of Alexander the Great, Alexander would change the face of Europe and Asia forever. Out of all the Alexander conquest, his main purpose was Darius III, he was the top leader of the Persian army. After crossing the Aegean Sea, on the mainland of Asia Minor, with his men. Alexander’s first stop was at Troy. While he was there in Troy he visited the grave of Achilles and paid homage to the gods. Then the Battle at Granicus sent a message to Darius that Alexander was no ordinary foe. Alexander met king Darius at the mountain pass at Issus. Although Alexander’s army was greatly outnumbered, he took advantage of the narrow field of battle. King Darius was surprised by Alexander’s ability. Although he was surprised at Alexander’s maneuvers Darius escaped. After marching down the coastline of the Mediterranean, into Damascus, Alexander apprehended the family and was chest of the Persian ruler. As he marched down the coast of Phoenician, he without difficulty seized every city except Tyre. Finally Tyre gave up after a seven month siege. Afterward Alexander and his army headed to Egypt where he founded the city of Alexandria. As he left Egypt in 331 B.C. king...
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..."DESCRIBE THE CONQUESTS OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT AND ANALYZE THE LEGACY OF HIS EMPIRE" In just twelve years, Alexander the Great conquered vast territories and dominated lands from west of the Nile to east of the Indus. He brought the Persian Empire, Egypt and much of the Middle East under his control. Alexander was the son of Phillip II of Macedonia and Olympia’s. His father knew that he would succeed him so Phillip II prepared Alexander for a military and political future. He was very well educated by the Greek Philosopher, Aristotle. Aristotle taught Alexander not just the basics but opened his interest to science, medicine and philosophy. After Phillip II was assassinated, Alexander became king of Macedonia at the age of twenty. As stated Alexander was groomed from an early age and was given control of the cavalry at the important battle of Chaeronea. He secured Macedonia’s frontlines, put down the Greek rebellion, then set his eyes on the rest of the world. He began his campaign (entered Asia Minor) with 37,000 men of which 5,000 were cavalry and had his first confrontation and victory against the Persian Empire at a battle at the Granicus River which almost cost him his life. By the following spring, 334/335, the western half of Asia Minor was controlled by Alexander. At the Battle of Issus, the Persian troops outnumbered Alexander’s and his men. However, the numerical advantage the Persian’s had was cancelled because the battle was on a narrow field and resulted...
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...the Persian army. In 333 BC, Alexander pushed to the south into Syria where he defeated the leader of the Persian army, King Darius III. He then pushed his way to the eastern Mediterranean where he then captured Gaza. Alexander moved on to Egypt who, like everyone else who fought against him, eventually fell to the hands of Alexander. Conquering Egypt gave him control over the entire eastern Mediterranean coastline. Alexander remained in Egypt until the middle of 331 BC. At that time, he returned to Tyre to face Darius III. Once they arrived in Tyre, reinforcements from Europe came and Alexander regrouped his forces. Alexander then pushed towards Babylon. After the battle in Babylon, Alexander continued his pursuit of Darius III into Persepolis. When he finally caught up to him he found Darius III dead in his coach. He later found out that Bessus who now proclaimed himself “King of the Kings” was the one who assassinated Darius. Alexander gave Darius a royal funeral and set after...
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...John Brooks World Civ1 The rise and falls of the Persian Empire Chapter 3 Mr. Smith ] John Brooks World Civ1 Mr. Smith Term Paper June 7 2014 Introduction The Persian and the Medes migrated into Iran before 1000 B.COnly a few people in this world today can boast a longer and prouder history than the Iranians, descendants of the ancient Persians. They build the greatest empire of the ancient Near East, but they also absorbed the ancient civilizations they ruled, in particular that of Mesopotamia. The Persians were first encountered around 2000 B.C.E, emerging from the grassy steppes of Central Asia, in the north. At that point, they were closely associated with two other peoples: the Medes and Aryans. Although Cyrus had found the Persian Empire Darius 1 gave it an internal organization and structure that allowed it to last for 200 years. His accomplishment, are more impressive when we consider the empire's enormous size, the scale of which no one had ever dealt with before. The Persians, like most ancient peoples, started out with a polytheistic religion to account for the forces of nature. This was a dualistic religion, which meant it saw life as a constant struggle between the forces of good and evil. Rise of the Persian Empire Most of the credit of the rise of the Persian Empire was due to the first Achaemenid Emperor, Cyrus the Great. He founded Persia after he united the Medes and the Persians to build a great Empire. He came to power in 559 BC and...
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...Alexander the Great Webster’s Dictionary as “the quality of being great, distinguished, and having intensity considerably above the normal or average” defines the word greatness. There are very few people in this world that have ever lived that can fall under the category of greatness. One person whom I consider to exemplify greatness is Alexander III of Macedon, better known as Alexander the Great. People come and go in this world and few are remembered, but even fewer will go down in history. Alexander the Great went down in history as a legend. Many stories were conveyed about his greatness, his tactics, his theories, and his thoughts. His legacy is still spoken about today. Before you can truly understand whom Alexander the Great was, you have to appreciate where he came from. Alexander’s father, Philip II, was King of Macedonia at the beginning of is reign. Macedonia was known as a barbaric state. They were thought to be beneath all other Greek states. When Philip became king, he assembled the greatest engineers to help design weaponry, like the sarissa. The sarissa was a 20-foot spear with a counter balance at the end to make it easier for the soldiers to lift it up. Philip also crafted a military formation called the phalanx that the Macedonians fought in. Alexander continued the legacy of his father by using the same formation when he gained control of the army. Philip started taking over Greece and by the time Alexander was old enough to help, they had already conquered...
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...INTERTESTAMENTAL PERIOD PAPER: A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE INTERTESTAMENTAL PERIOD 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ALEXANDER THE GREAT THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD THE PTOLEMAIC PERIOD THE SELEUCID PERIOD ANTIOCHUS IV EPIPHANES THE MACCABEAN PERIOD THE HASMONEAN PERIOD THE ROMAN PERIOD THROUGH HEROD‟S SONS AND JESUS CHRIST CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY 3 3 5 5 6 6 7 9 9 10 12 II 3 INTRODUCTION In this Intertestamental Paper, I will briefly give a brief history describing the Second Temple Period, beginning with the period of Alexander the Great and continuing through the reign of Herod the Great and his sons. I will also address how various events, individuals, and groups that impacted the Jews and land of Israel leading up to and during the time of Christ. The following highlighted historic events, individuals and groups I will address will include: Alexander the Great, The Hellenistic Period, The Ptolemaic Period, The Seleucid Period, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, The Maccabean Period, The Hasmonean Period, The Roman Period through Herod‟s Sons and Jesus Christ. I will conclude with how these events affected the first century world of the New Testament. ALEXANDER THE GREAT Alexander the Great, born in 356 B.C. in Pella, Macedonia, was the son of Philip of Macedon and Princess Olympias of Epirus. As a young boy he was always fearless, strong, and eager to learn. He went on to inherit each of his parent‟s best qualities. His father was an excellent general and organizer, while...
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...Christo and Jeanne-Claude Origins • Christo (born Christo Vladimirov Javacheff, Bulgarian: Христо Явашев, June 13, 1935) and Jeanne-Claude (born Jeanne-Claude Denat de Guillebon, June 13, 1935 – November 18, 2009) were a married couple who created massive and environmental works of art. • They married over objections from Jeanne Claude’s family(they became their supporters later), forming one of the most durable and creative partnerships in the history of art. • Christo studied art at the Sofia Academy from 1953 to 1956, and went to Prague, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic) until 1957, when he left for the West by bribing a railway official and stowing away with several other individuals on-board a train transporting medicine and medical supplies to Austria. • She was described as "extroverted" and with natural organizational abilities. Her hair was dyed red and she smoked cigarettes, and tried to quit many times until her weight would balloon. She did not enjoy cooking.[5] She took responsibility for overseeing work crews and for raising funds.[2] She said she became an artist out of love for Christo (if he'd been a dentist, she said she'd have become a dentist • Their works were credited to just "Christo" until 1994 when the outdoor works and large indoor installations were retroactively credited to "Christo and Jeanne-Claude • They flew in separate planes: in case one crashed, the other could continue their work. Concerns/About Work • A trademark of the work is...
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...Hogarth Blake Presents: Wonderful Ethiopians Of The Ancient Cushite Empire By Drusilla Dunjee Houston First published in 1926 This e-book was edited by Hogarth Blake Ltd Download this book and many more for FREE at: hh-bb.com hogarthblake@gmail.com ‘Wonderful Ethiopians Of The Ancient Cushite Empire’ by Drusilla Dunjee Houston Reproduction & duplication of this work for FREE is permitted. Refer to the terms & conditions page for more details. Terms & Conditions Scanned at sacred-texts.com, October, 2004. John Bruno Hare, redactor. This text is in the public domain in the United States because it was not renewed at the US Copyright Office in a timely fashion as required by law at the time. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact in all copies and subject to the sacred texts Terms of Service at http://www.sacred-texts.com/tos.htm Hogarth Blake presents this e-book FREE of charge; it may be used for whatever purpose you see fit. The only limitations are that you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, modify, create derivative works based upon, sell, publish, license or sub-license the work or any part of it without the express written consent of Hogarth Blake Ltd. The work is provided as is. Hogarth Blake Ltd. makes no guarantees or warranties as to the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of or results to be obtained from using the work via hyperlink or otherwise, and expressly...
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...Hogarth Blake Presents: Wonderful Ethiopians Of The Ancient Cushite Empire By Drusilla Dunjee Houston First published in 1926 This e-book was edited by Hogarth Blake Ltd Download this book and many more for FREE at: hh-bb.com hogarthblake@gmail.com ‘Wonderful Ethiopians Of The Ancient Cushite Empire’ by Drusilla Dunjee Houston Reproduction & duplication of this work for FREE is permitted. Refer to the terms & conditions page for more details. Terms & Conditions Scanned at sacred-texts.com, October, 2004. John Bruno Hare, redactor. This text is in the public domain in the United States because it was not renewed at the US Copyright Office in a timely fashion as required by law at the time. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact in all copies and subject to the sacred texts Terms of Service at http://www.sacred-texts.com/tos.htm Hogarth Blake presents this e-book FREE of charge; it may be used for whatever purpose you see fit. The only limitations are that you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, modify, create derivative works based upon, sell, publish, license or sub-license the work or any part of it without the express written consent of Hogarth Blake Ltd. The work is provided as is. Hogarth Blake Ltd. makes no guarantees or warranties as to the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of or results to be obtained from using the work via hyperlink or otherwise, and expressly...
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...Zoroastrianism at a glance Zoroastrianism is one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster (or Zarathustra) in ancient Iran approximately 3500 years ago. For 1000 years Zoroastrianism was one of the most powerful religions in the world. It was the official religion of Persia (Iran) from 600 BCE to 650 CE. It is now one of the world's smallest religions. In 2006 the New York Times reported that there were probably less than 190,000 followers worldwide at that time. * Zoroastrians believe there is one God called Ahura Mazda (Wise Lord) and He created the world. * Zoroastrians are not fire-worshippers, as some Westerners wrongly believe. Zoroastrians believe that the elements are pure and that fire represents God's light or wisdom. * Ahura Mazda revealed the truth through the Prophet, Zoroaster. * Zoroastrians traditionally pray several times a day. * Zoroastrians worship communally in a Fire Temple or Agiary. * The Zoroastrian book of Holy Scriptures is called The Avesta. * The Avesta can be roughly split into two main sections: * The Avesta is the oldest and core part of the scriptures, which contains the Gathas. The Gathas are seventeen hymns thought to be composed by Zoroaster himself. * The Younger Avesta - commentaries to the older Avestan written in later years. It also contains myths, stories and details of ritual observances. * Zoroastrians are roughly split into two groups: ...
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...HUM 1000: WORLD CIVILIZATIONS NOTES BY DR. KAKAI P.W THE NATURE AND ORIGIN OF CIVILIZATION IN AFRICA Definition of key terms As we begin this course, it is crucial to first discuss our understanding of the concept ‘civilization’. This is a comparative term which is usually applied in comparison to such words as ‘barbarian’ ‘savage’ and ‘primitive’. In classical antiquity the Europeans used the word ‘barbarian’ to refer to a foreigner who was regarded as inferior (Ogutu and Kenyanchui, An Introduction To African History, 1991 p33). Do you think this is still the way we use the word barbarian? The Latin speakers referred to hunters, food-gatherers as savage. In the 17th century this term ‘savage’ referred to a person without art, literacy, or society who lived in fear of existence and death. ‘Primitive’ on the other hand, in Latin meant ‘the first or original’. Europeans used these words interchangeably when referring to non-Europeans while the word civilization was preserved to describe historical developments of European people (ibid). Now the term civilization is no longer confined to the above development but also extends reference to non-European communities. Attributes of civilization includes observance to law, belonging to an organized society, having a society of literate people with advanced developments in urbanization, agriculture, commerce, arts and technology. The French thinkers of the 18th century referred to a person of the arts and literature...
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