...Human Rights and the Millennium Development Goals in Practice: A review of country strategies and reporting UNITED NATIONS Human Rights and the Millennium Development Goals in Practice: A review of country strategies and reporting UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2010 Note The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. HR/PUB/10/1 © 2010 United Nations All worldwide rights reserved Credits Photographs: Goal 1: photo by Adam Rogers/UNCDF; Goal 2: © International Labour Organization/ G. Cabrera; Goal 3: photo by Adam Rogers/UNCDF; Goal 4: © UNICEF Armenia/2007/Igor Dashevskiy; Goal 5: © International Labour Organization/E. Gianotti; Goal 6: © World Lung Foundation/ Thierry Falise; Goal 7: © International Labour Organization/M. Crozet; Goal 8: © International Labour Organization/M. Crozet. About the publication This publication builds on a series of country and thematic background studies commissioned for the regional “Dialogues for Action: Human Rights and MDGs”, which took place in...
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...wealth within developed nations; he successfully draws our attention to the solution of “our” wealth in addition to the problem of “their” poverty. His suggestions for economic development hold the assumption that developing nations cannot be left to see their own economic result; therefore, charity-centric economic models are his ideal solution to global poverty. Though Sachs’ work successfully illustrates an innate economic interconnectedness between the developed and developing world in regards to the relationship between international organizations, government agencies, donors, and domestic citizens, he does not completely explore the implications of this interconnectedness on the success or failure of foreign development aid. Munk illustrates that Sachs does not adequately prepare for inherent problems such as failing legal devices, political incoherence, and inefficient capital accumulation. Further, Sachs does not sufficiently address the prevailing cultural, social and educational disparities and how this affects the implementation of Western economic models, as well as the lack of formal property rights systems in the legal sector of the economy, leading to the norm of using extralegal markets. Through Nina Munk’s observations of Sachs’ idealist, charity-centered approach to foreign development aid, the importance of inciting inclusive, culturally- compatible...
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...Education and Gender Equality within Millennium Development Goals: KSA & China Name: Institution: Course: Date: Declaration I hereby declare that this is my work and nothing has been plagiarized. Every aspect of this work has been appropriately referenced using the APA referencing format. Executive Summary Table of Contents Contents of the report with page numbers, list of tables, and list of figures. Introduction to the Research Topic Education and gender equality are critical components of societal progress and development. They reflect basic rights that require no economic justification. This notion is reflected in the inclusion of gender related developmental and propagative objectives in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Yet it is also a case that education and gender equality has broad and positive implications for economic as well as social development to any nation. A significant decline in child illiteracy and maternal mortality remains somewhat elusive and thus the Millennium Developmental Goals initiative that has been deemed to reduce child illiteracy and promote gender equality coupled with the establishment of women empowerment within all regions of the world is poised with inconsistent progress rates within some certain countries. To deliver such Millennium Development goals and MDG3 and its supporting targets which promotes specifically gender equality and empowers women, it will be critical to elevate...
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...In September 2000, the 189 member countries of the United Nations at that time adopted eight Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s). The eight goals are ambitious, and involve among others halving the number of people without clean water and sanitation by 2015. The challenges in meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) target for sanitation in Zambia by 2015 are many and include the large numbers of temporary latrines, low capacity for sanitation promotion in the country, weak policies and strategies for sanitation promotion, low support for sanitation in donor supported programs, social resistance to the use of the latrines, and lack of multi-sectoral partnerships for sanitation promotion. This paper endeavours to outline and discuss the sequential platform of activities in the policy process which the policy maker would use to address the problem of poor sanitation in Luangeni Village of Chief Mpezeni’s area. The essay also attempts to establish the seriousness of the problem of poor sanitation in the village by presenting statistical evidence. In order to fully comprehend and come up with solutions concerning the topic under discussion it is imperative that we understand some key concepts to be used in this essay, these include policy, policy makers and sanitation. Development policy making lies within the domain of the state. The word policy however has no single defination in literature, this is so because there are different points of view and diverging opinions and...
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...ETHICAL CHALLENGES FOR BUSINESS IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MODELS OF MANAGEMENT MORALITY Archie B. Carroll Abstract: As we transition to the 21 s« century, it is useful to think about some of the most impor tant challenges b u s i n e s s and other organizations will face as the new millennium begins. What will constitute "business as usualI" in the business ethics arena as we start andiiiuvc iniu intonew i^eiiiuiyr iviy uvciaii iiiijugiii I3 tiioi wethought is that we will move me the new iry? My overall win aiiu pulsate into the future on our current trajectory and that the new century will not cause cataclysmic changes, at least not immediately. Rather, the problems and challenges we face now we will face then. Undoubtedly, new issues will arise but they will more likely be extensions of the present than discontinuities with the past. A s we transition to the 21*' century, it is useful to think about some of the most important challenges business and other organizations will face as the new millennium begins. As I write this essay, the public seems to be more concerned with the Y2K problem and whether their computers will keep working, their power will stay on, their investments will be secure, there will be food in the pantry, airplanes will still fly, and that life as we know it will continue as usual. Optimistically, by the time this is published we will all look back and conclude that technology is amazing...
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...Political analysts attempt to provide an understanding of the workings of the modern state had necessitated the employment of certain philosophies, thoughts and theories in order to simplify and clarify their assumptions about the political system and how it works. Some of these analytical tools or methods include – the Systems theory, Group theory, Political Development theory, Power theory, Frustration Aggression theory and the Elites theory among others. Given these plethora of theories in the social sciences and bearing in mind that, no meaningful research can be undertaken in the absence of a sound theoretical base, this study adopts the Systems theory in order to explain the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by the United...
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...GROUP PROJECT April, 2012 Executive Summary: Information Technology has become a necessity and inseparable entity of any organization. Whether large or small, any organization if it seeks to achieve efficient and effective performance and thus leading to high productivity and profitability, it has to implement and deploy optimal ICT practice. The report examines the ICT infrastructure that is utilized and deployed at Bahrain Polytechnic, which is one of the leading and well-established public universities in Bahrain. It attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of how ICT is implemented within the institution in regard to the physical infrastructure, systems, applications, networking and all other technical issues that are relevant to the ICT implementation and operations. Through the journey of investigating all aspects and concepts of ICT at Bahrain Polytechnic, this report tries of shed light on and assess the ICT services provided to the staff as well as to the customers who are the students. As it is the case to any organization, Bahrain polytechnic’s main aim of implementing best ICT practices is to ensure the best learning environment to the students and improve their performance and achievement as well as facilitate the performance of both the tutors and other staff. All this can maintain the institution’s competitive edge and place it amongst the most distinguished and pioneering universities in Bahrain. By carrying out surveys, observations and face-to-face...
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...Introduction The concept of gender has become a debatable issue in the contemporary society and an important dimension in the design and analysis of social and economic development policies. These development concerns have brought about gender issues at the forefront of national and international agenda. During the 1990's, the gender issue continued to follow the historical trend by being one of the most popular themes of debates. The Human Development Report, (1995) posits that the number of women is greater than or equal to that of men, in today's society, yet females are still considered as a minority segment of the population. As a measure to redress gender inequalities, approaches by feminist movements, such as Women in Development (WID), were crafted but not much was achieved. Later, it was Women and Development (WAD) and lastly Gender and Development (GAD). It seems deep-rooted gender inequality still exists globally, despite substantial national and international measures that have been taken towards gender equality. This essay deliberates on the assertion that, “Gender equality is debatable: what is undebatable is the attempt to make it universally applicable.” The writer agrees to a greater extent that gender equality is a controversial issue basing on the multiplicity of societies that it is applied to. The fact that there is no universal culture, universal religion or universal ideology makes the whole issue arguable, ence, the need to degenderise gender...
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...Chapters 1, 2 and 12 of August 2003 New Sources for Development Finance edited by A B Atkinson, Nuffield College, OXFORD Contents Chapter 1 Innovative Sources for Development Finance by A B Atkinson Over-Arching Issues By A B Atkinson Global Public Economics by J A Mirrlees National Taxation, Fiscal Federalism and Global Taxation by R Boadway* Environmental Taxation and Revenue for Development by A Sandmo* Revenue Potential of the Tobin Tax for Development Finance: A Critical Appraisal by M Nissanke* A Development-Focused Allocation of the Special Drawing Rights by E Aryeetey* The International Finance Facility Proposal by G Mavrotas* Private Donations for International Development by J Micklewright and A Wright* A Global Lottery and a Global Premium Bond by T Addison and A Chowdhury* Remittances by Emigrants: Issues and Evidence by A Solimano* The Way Forward by A B Atkinson Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 * These chapters are available on the WIDER website. Chapter 1 Innovative Sources for Development Finance 1 A B Atkinson, Nuffield College, Oxford Introduction 1 Innovative Sources to Meet a Global Challenge 2 New Development Finance: Innovative Sources 3 Origins of the Proposals 4 Political Economy 5 Criteria for Evaluation 6 Guide to the Contents of the Book Box 1 The Millennium Development Goals Box 2 Innovative Sources of Development Funding Considered Here Introduction Two powerful...
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...3 Life after Burnham: Economic revival and the obstacles to sustainable development Investigating the factors that have led to significant underdevelopment in Guyana, what practical solutions can be suggested to help improve the economic and political performance of this state? Burnham’s death whilst undergoing throat surgery in 1985 brought a natural end to the PNC’s cooperative socialist regime; a regime that caused two decades of extreme terror and suffering to all in Guyana, as explored in chapter two. The need for change was undeniable and such an event provided Desmond Hoyte ‘with the opportunity to break with some old PNC practices’. The recognition of the need for free enterprise in order to re-stimulate the optimism of a whole population formed the basis of Hoyte’s, and subsequent presidents’, prevailing actions. This chapter sets out to explore the extent to which Guyana has since broken free from the shackles of socialism as a result of various government and international institution-led initiatives, and explores the impact on Guyanese development as a result. By analysing the initial success of the IMF-World Bank backed austerity and recovery program implemented in 1988; CARICOM’s aim to break down the divide between the ‘core’ states and the Caribbean as a ‘peripheral’ region; and the effect of regular financial aid as a result of Guyana’s status as a heavily indebted poor country (HIPC), one quickly realises the apparent commitment of Guyanese governments...
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...DELIVERY: A LOOK AT MATETE DISTRICT COMMISSIONER’S OFFICE. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.0 BACKGROUND: Public Service Delivery is defined as a set of institutional arrangements adopted by the government to provide public goods and services to its citizens. Public services delivery has been one of the key functions of the public sector which uses civil service bureaucracies as the instrument for the delivery of services (World Development Report, 2004). In the context of governance, according to 2008 - 2013 Public Sector Reforms & Performance Contracting | Kenya; the service charter, variously referred to as “citizen service delivery charter” or “customer service delivery charter” is a written statement prepared by a public institution which outlines the nature, quality and quantity of service that citizens should expect from the institution. It sets out: what the institution does, what services users can expect, and the standard of the service to be provided. | | Public service delivery in most of the developing countries is characterized by being ineffective, too much procedural, costly, red taped and lack transparency. In general public servants have not acted as servants of people but rather as masters without any sense of accountability and transparency. People are unaware of how and where to obtain public services and often become the victim of middle man or corruption. Cumbersome procedures, slow pace of decision making and service delivery cause...
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...compulsory and MUST be answered QUESTION 1 John Wizard has recently won a contract to act as a financial consultant to Sportstown, a publicly owned organisation that provides a range of community services to its inhabitants. Wizard’s first brief is to prepare a report on the ‘Operating Efficiency and Financial Performance’ of the leisure centre that is owned and managed by the public body. The governing body of Sportstown has become increasingly concerned by the growing financial subsidy that it has to provide to its leisure centre. Sportstown originally owned and operated two identical leisure centres, but sold one of them in 20X0 to a private leisure company, Totaleisure, who continue to manage a successful leisure business. Totaleisure have kindly provided Wizard with recent operating and financial data to permit a comparative study to be undertaken. The two leisure centres both offer the same four activities: Squash,...
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...Sustainable Development: From Brundtland to Rio 2012 Background Paper* prepared for consideration by the High Level Panel on Global Sustainability at its first meeting, 19 September 2010 September 2010 United Nations Headquarters, New York _________________________ *Prepared by John Drexhage and Deborah Murphy, International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) GSP1-6 Executive Summary The term, sustainable development, was popularized in Our Common Future, a report published by the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. Also known as the Brundtland report, Our Common Future included the “classic” definition of sustainable development: “development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Acceptance of the report by the United Nations General Assembly gave the term political salience; and in 1992 leaders set out the principles of sustainable development at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is generally accepted that sustainable development calls for a convergence between the three pillars of economic development, social equity, and environmental protection. Sustainable development is a visionary development paradigm; and over the past 20 years governments, businesses, and civil society have accepted sustainable development as a guiding principle, made progress on sustainable development metrics, and improved...
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...THE END of POVERTY Economic Possibilities for Our Time JEFFREY D. SACHS THE PENGUIN PRESS N E W YORK 2005 THE PENGUIN PRESS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc.. 375 Hudson Street. New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. Penguin Group (Canada), 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) - Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi-110 017, India ' Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, NewZealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) - Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by The Penguin Press, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. Copyright ©Jeffrey D. Sachs, 2005 All rights reserved Page 397 constitutes an extension of this copyright page, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Sachs, Jeffrey. The e n d of poverty / Jeffrey Sachs. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-59420-045-9 1. Poverty—Developing countries. 2. Developing countries—Economic policy...
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...in food preparation. Typical uses (for other than potable purposes) include toilet flushing, washing and landscape irrigation. Over large parts of the world, humans have inadequate access to potable water and use sources contaminated with disease vectors, pathogens or unacceptable levels of toxins or suspended solids. Drinking or using such water in food preparation leads to widespread acute and chronic illnesses and is a major cause of death and misery in many countries. Reduction of waterborne diseases is a major public health goal in developing countries. Water has always been an important and life-sustaining drink to humans and is essential to the survival of all known organisms.[1] Excluding fat, water composes approximately 70% of the human body by mass. It is a crucial component of metabolic processes and serves as a solvent for many bodily solutes. The United States Environmental Protection Agency in risk assessment calculations assumes that the average American adult ingests 2.0 litres per day.[2] Drinking water of a variety of qualities is bottled. Bottled water is sold for public consumption throughout the world. Requirements A fountain in Saint-Paul-de-Vence, France. The sign reading Eau potable indicates that the water is safe to drink Main article: Fluid balance Some health authorities have suggested that people drink at least eight glasses, eight fl oz each (240 mL), of water per day (64 fl oz, or 1.89 litres),[2][3] and the British Dietetic Association...
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