...Assignment On Bangladesh Police System Course Title: Criminology Course Code: LLB2321 Submitted To: Md.Gaziur Rahman Lecturer of Law, NUB Khulna Campus Prepared By : Mahbuba Sultana ID: LLB080160227 Section: 9A Semester: Fall Date of submission:03 october 2011 NORTHERN UNIVERSITY B A N G L A D E S H CONTENTS ❖ Introduction ❖ Meaning of Police ❖ Definition of police ❖ Bangladesh Police ❖ History of Bangladesh Police ❖ Laws Governing the Bangladesh Police ❖ Organisation of Bangladesh Police ❖ Strength ❖ Community Policing in Bangladesh ❖ Women in Bangladesh Police ❖ Selection and Training ❖ Vehicles used by Bangladesh Police ❖ Actual Scene of BD police ❖ Weapons ❖ Contribution to UN Peace Keeping Operations ❖ Powers as a Police Officer ❖ Role, Functions and Duties of the Police in General ❖ Preventive Action of the Police Recent Highlights in Bangladesh ❖ Emergency and national security laws ❖ Corruption and Transparency ❖ Overview of arbitrary detention practices around Asia ❖ Failing justice systems and lack of democratic space ❖ Conclusion Introduction: The police have a vital role to play in maintaining internal law and order and establishing the rule of law in the country...
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...1 Aubrey Cody,1 Anjali Kaur,1 Nejla Liias, 1 Christopher Lindahl,2 Emily Bell,1 Julie Kragh,1 Jessica Mack,1 and Kristin Cox Mehling1 served as researchers and authors of this working paper. The authors would like to thank the following individuals for their contributions to the development and conceptualization of these case studies: Oliver Sabot Hans Hogerzeil Patricia Mechael Catherine Taylor Kanika Bahl Julia White Kabir Ahmed Mark Young Renee van de Weerdt Deborah Armbruster Jennifer Lockwood-Bergeson Michael Mbizvo Clinton Health Access Initiative Groningen University mHealth Alliance PATH Results for Development Institute UN Secretariat UNFPA UNICEF UNICEF USAID USAID WHO The authors would also like to thank the following individuals who provided key insight into maternal health commodities in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda: Samit Tandon Abhijit Das Billy Stewart Abu Jamil Faisel Manju Shukla Peter Haulohner Anteneh Tsige Albert Kalangwa Michael Tekie Asia Kassim Hussein Esther Obinya Indrani Chakma Lianne Kuppens Luwei Pearson Naawa...
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...The difference in the disparity in Raja’s and Maya’s performance seems to be based on the patriarchal society in Bangladesh. Studies have shown that men do most of the household purchases, and women are influenced by the men as far as what to purchase. This might be a reflection of the difference in literacy rates between men and women, which is 27% and 12%, respectively. Women don’t have purchasing power. Raja, which means king, speaks to the masculinity of the men making them feel more powerful. Since Raja is a male condom, it is targeted toward the men in the villages. Maya, which means beauty, is a birth control pill that has been marketed toward women, but as stated before, women do not hold the purchasing power. Women both listen to their doctors or their husbands when it comes to contraceptives and do not do their own research. In a fairly crowded market, the Maya pill, produced by Population Services International, has a negative image. PSI’s mission is to sell subsidized contraceptives through commercial outlets because they are “there to create the climate in which socially desirable products become a part of the daily life of the marketplace.” PSI wants the availability of their product to become routine and expected. However, because PSI is selling Maya at a low price compared to its competitors, it is assumed that Maya is a low quality product. Even consumers of other pills believe they are taking Maya when they experience negative side effects; thus why sales...
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...BANGLADESH EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh Prepared by: Amr Abdalla, Ph.D. A. N. M. Raisuddin, Ph.D. Suleiman Hussein, M.A. With the assistance of Dhaka Ahsania Mission Photo Credit: Seth Spaulding, Ph.D. Prepared for: Basic Education and Policy Support (BEPS) Activity United States Agency for International Development Contract Number: HNE-I-00-00-0038-00 Creative Associates International, Inc. Prime Contractor July 2004 The content and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the policies and opinions of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Pre-primary and Primary Madrasah Education in Bangladesh TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables………………………………………………………………………………...…..iii Glossary of Terms……………………………………………………………………………….iv List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... v Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... vi I. Background ........................................................................................................................... 1 A. Alia Madrasahs ................................................................................................................ 2 B. Qawmi Madrasahs...............................
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...population growth and rising incomes, it is estimated that the demand for food will rise by 70 to 100 percent by 2050. To meet this need, the United Nations estimates that production in developing countries will need to almost double. • In 2010, the U.S. helped launch the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program, an international, multilateral trust fund that has already awarded $658 million to finance country development plans in 18 low-income countries, with 8.2 million beneficiaries. Building Local Capacity, Increasing Productivity, and Improving Markets and Trade • Since 2010, USDA has aligned appropriate programs to Feed the Future plans to support agriculture development in target countries and regions: Ghana, Kenya, East Africa, Bangladesh, Haiti, Guatemala and Central America. USDA supports global food security through in-country capacity building, basic and applied research, and support for improved market information, statistics and analysis. • USDA...
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...CARE Bangladesh CARE is one of the world's largest private international humanitarian organizations, committed to helping families in poor communities improve their lives and achieve lasting victories over poverty. Founded in 1945, CARE is working across 70 countries fighting global poverty. By addressing the underlying causes of poverty, CARE promotes sustainable development models to empower and benefit the poorest and marginalized. With an annual global budget of USD 650 million, CARE’s programming benefits nearly 65 million people each year and more than half of them are women. CARE places special focus on working alongside poor women because, equipped with the proper resources, women have the power to help their families and entire communities escape poverty. Working for 60 years in Bangladesh, CARE has extensive programming experience in a range of sectors including food security; women’s empowerment; health and nutrition; agriculture and natural resources; disaster risk reduction; education; HIV/AIDS; emergency response; and urban poverty reduction. CARE Bangladesh is currently implementing 24 projects in partnership with 63 local and national NGOs, receiving funding from a number of donors including USAID, DFID, UNDP, EC, the Gates Foundation and more than 30 private companies. Through a network of eight field offices with well-developed communications and operating procedures, and experienced, highly qualified staff, CARE’s programming covers 42 out of 64 districts...
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...Draft Final Report E-Commerce in Bangladesh: Status, Potential and Constraints Najmul Hossain December 2000 A report prepared for JOBS/IRIS Program of USAID. The author gratefully acknowledges comments received from Thierry Van Bastelaer, Catherine Mann, Dewan Alamgir, Asif Khan, Abu Saeed Khan, Tahmina Begum, Shabnam Nadiya and Tonmoy Bashar. The views and analyses in the paper do not necessarily reflect the official position of the IRIS Center, the University of Maryland or that of USAID. E-Commerce in Bangladesh: Status, Potential and Constraints ACRONYMS ASM B2B B2C B2G BB BGMEA BTRC BTTB CS DDN DFID DI DSL e-commerce EDF EFT e-mail e-market FDI GOB GSP IDA IOC IPO IPR IRIS ISO ISP IT ITU JOBS L/C LCA LMDS MMDS MOPT NIP OECD OSP Asian Sources Media Group Business-to-Business Business-to-Consumers Business-to-Government Bangladesh Bank Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association Bangladesh Telecommunications Regulatory Commission Bangladesh Telegraph and Telephone Board Contract System Digital Data Network Department For International Development Data International Digital Subscribers Line Electronic Commerce Export Development Fund Electronic Fund Transfer Electronic mail Electronic Market Foreign Direct Investment Government of Bangladesh Generalized System of Preferences International Development Association International Oil Companies Import Policy Order Intellectual Property Rights Center for Institutional Reform and the Informal Sector at...
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...Globalization has brought in many changes in the business scenario with the whole world inching towards a big market place. Communication between buyers and sellers become critical as each can opt to explore a greater number of alternatives than before. E-commerce through the use of internet, e-mails, websites and other facilities enables a businessman to be linked with every corner of the world and thus opens up greater opportunities in the world market. As a signatory of WTO practices Bangladesh has accepted The Code of Good Practices of WTO agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade. E-commerce facilitates the very process of International transactions; this involves securing and finalizing a contract, delivery of a product and finally payment for the performance of the product. The movement of goods and services and payment mechanism within a country and outside of a country is governed by regulatory and legal issues. Though Bangladesh Govt. has a strategic vision and policy framework to boost up e-commerce, a lot of factors are also hindering the way of doing E-commerce. Definition of E-Commerce: E-Commerce refers to the process of buying or selling products or service over an electronic network. The most popular medium in which e-commerce is conducted is the internet. It combines a range of process such as: • Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). • Electronic mail (E-mail). • World Wide Web (WWW). • Internet Applications. • Network Applications. ...
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...made available to commerce and industry for meeting the financial requirements. Bank plays a vital role in the economy by providing means of payment and in mobilizing resources. Bank is the most important financial institution in the economy. The economic development of a country depends on the development of banking sector. Today’s modern banks ate not only providing traditional banking but also expanding the many financial services. In today’ world the lice of the people directly or indirectly are within the field of banking whether conventional or Islamic banking although Islamic bank is not a newer concept in Bangladesh as it has started its operation since 1983, very few people are aware about its operation But things are changing . Islamic Banking is also getting popularity in the country. 1.2 Rationality of the study: Economy of Bangladesh is...
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...Case Study: Problem Statement- To control the population explosion in Bangladesh a non-profit organization Population Services International started with a project, SMP(Social Marketing Project) funded by another welfare body USAID. Under this project PSI introduced 2 birth control products in Bangladesh: Raja Condoms for Men and Maya Oral Contraceptive pills for females. Both products were marketed using the same Social Marketing Strategy where direct contact was made with the customers to educate them about family planning, birth control measures and make available birth control products at subsidized price. . Initially The 2 products experienced a good response with increasing sales, but later the sales of Raja condoms continued increasing and the sales of Maya contraceptive pills decreased drastically by 43.6% from 1980 to 1983 whereas Raja condoms experienced a growth of 95.5% in the same period. Objective of the study: This situation us with a case to understand why a similar strategy for 2 products, both aimed at preventing unwanted child birth could result in such different outcomes. This understanding will allow us to develop solutions to increase the sales of Maya Contraceptive pills. Strengths of the Marketing Strategy for both- * Creating a demand for the birth control products by spreading awareness about the importance of birth control through a vast network of field workers and by extensive marketing through radio, billborads, tshirts etc. * Making...
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...the easiest way. Thank you. It is pleasure to acknowledge the assistance received form several individuals during the preparation of this term paper. We are greatly indebted to our Miss Samina Hoque for her valuable help by giving the direction. We are appreciating the enthusiastic help of websites and annual report of the company in preparation of the term paper. We are obliged to Al-amin who contributes much to complete the term paper. Executive Summary: Grameenphone is one of the most go-ahead industries currently in Bangladesh. We took the term paper with Grameenphone which stands as a famous name in telecom industry. We proud to work with Grameenphone and this experience will surely help us in our future assignments. By this term paper we are learning much about Grameenphone CSR. And we got wonderful experience during our working period to make this term paper. Last of all I thank our friends who were always inspired us during the working period. Our Vision We exist to help our customers get the full benefit of communications services in their daily lives. We’re here to help. Our Mission...
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...- 20 - Shrimp Industry Study: Problems, Prospects and Intervention Agenda Submitted To: USAID, BangladeshSubmitted By: ATDP Research TeamSeptember 18, 2005 Management Summary: Shrimp is one of the leading export items of Bangladesh. It accounts for roughly 2.5 percent of global exports and fetches a fair amount of foreign exchange ($250-330million for last three years). There is ample demand in the international market for shrimp and Bangladesh is blessed with an environment congenial for shrimp production. However, the industry is fraught with many obstacles at present.A primary study was undertaken to detect the problems plaguing the different levelsof the value chain of shrimp in the country. Consequently, a study was conducted inwhich the participants were representatives of the various stakeholders in thisindustry. The discussion that ensued aimed to identify obstacles to the growth of theindustry, develop some intervention strategies that would help eradicate theseobstacles . The problems that were revealed through the study are the following:Inefficient management High mortality rate Low quality shrimp Negative country image abroad Indiscriminate catching of brood mothers Lack of an integrated agriculture policy Inadequate Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary Measures (SPS) Lack of standards and Lack of traceability Vertical competition amongst different actors in the value chain due to supply-demand inconsistency Lack of coordination amongst donor agencies Lack...
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...Foreign Aid to Bangladesh With the population of 120 million and a GNP of US$170 (UNDP), Bangladesh remains heavily dependent on foreign aid for its development, socio-economic programmes and waging war in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHITTAGONG). Statistics indicate that military expenditure in Bangladesh is officially 15% of the budget. Bangladesh spends about US$400 million on defense annually. Official figures of military expenditure give a distorted picture. It is common knowledge that many military expenses, such as food, housing, infrastructure, are accounted for under other budgets and therefore are not marked as military expenses. According to unofficial sources, Bangladesh spends an extra $125 million on counter-insurgency in the CHITTAGONG annually. The USA, Great Britain and China continue to provide training to the Bangladesh armed forces. While Japan, USA, Middle Eastern and European countries continue to be the major aid donors to Bangladesh. The following table shows the amount of financial aid Bangladesh was receiving in 1988-91 when the regime was at the height of genocidal campaign in the CHITTAGONG, unfortunately the trend still continues. Increasingly donor governments have made human rights an issue in the disbursement of development aid. Up to now, however, donor governments have not been willing to apply the human rights criterion at all strictly. In Bangladesh they have shied away from making aid conditional on the observance of human rights in the...
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...1. BSCIC About BSCIC Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) is a prime government organization entrusted for rapid industrialization of small and cottage Industries in the country. Under the direct or indirect initiative of BSCIC a plenty of entrepreneurs has been created and enterprises has been set up in the country. But the influence of globalization and the free economy impacts upon the traditional manufacturing enterprises. This situation for marketing of small and cottage industries products is a major constraints facing by the sector. BSCIC is to provide facilities to the existing and new entrepreneurs to expand and develop their markets and to stay and sustain in the competitive environment. Introduction Bangladesh Small & Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) was established in 1957 by an Act of Parliament. The establishment of BSCIC was in recognition of the need for a specialised agency to promote the development of Small, Medium & Cottage Industries (SMCIs) in the manufacturing sector through the provision of advisory services, fiscal and financial assistance, infrastructural facilities, market access and other support programme. BSCIC strives to create resilient and efficient SMCIs, able to compete in a liberalised market environment. SMCIs have to be efficient and knowledge-driven, including using ICT to be globally ‘connected’ and accessible. The Corporation will promote SMCIs to be an integral part of the country’s industrial development...
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...Introduction: The standard definition of foreign aid comes from the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), which defines Foreign aid (or the equivalent term, foreign assistance) as financial flows, technical assistance, and commodities that are; (1) Designed to promote economic development and welfare as their main objective (thus excluding aid for military or other non-development purposes); and (2) Are provided as either grants or subsidized loans. Grants and subsidized loans are referred to as concessional financing, whereas loans that carry market or near-market terms (and therefore are not foreign aid) are non-concessional financing. According to the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), a loan counts as aid if it has a “grant element” of 25 percent or more, meaning that the present value of the loan must be at least 25 percent below the present value of a comparable loan at market interest rates (usually assumed by the DAC rather arbitrarily to be 10 percent with no grace period). Thus, the grant element is zero for a loan carrying a 10 percent interest rate, 100 percent for an outright grant, and something in-between for other loans. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) classifies aid flows into three broad categories. Official Development Assistance (ODA) is the largest, consisting of aid provided by donor governments to low and middle income countries. Official Assistance...
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