...Abstract In this era of information, Internet and censorship are considered to be opposite to each other. Where internet is the source of worldwide knowledge and censorship is the policy to censor some of the information which can cause any type of disruption. In Pakistan, the use of this new technology is under practice with the control of censorship on some content. This research paper looks at the measurements taken by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority to control the censored information and block the sites which holds the improper and immoral information. The paper tends to find the historical background of the internet censorship in Pakistan holding the precautionary measures taken by PTA and how the religious values are protected by blocking various anti-Islamic sites. The guidelines are being followed by the Government of Pakistan in order to supervise the censored material on the internet. Introduction Censorship is the act or policy of omitting the obscene, corrupt and politically dangerous content form the books, movies/ films etc. (Wikipedia) Internet censorship is to restrict every type of content that includes immoral and offensive approach. (Wikipedia) Till 2010 in Pakistan, people had the open and unrestricted access to every kind of religious, political, social and sexual escalating content on the internet. The websites offering the critical content against Pakistani government and military are also banned. Pakistan government has not really...
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...censorship is ultimately harmful to a country’s citizens. So why do some countries do it more than others? Taking a look at censorship in China, Germany, and South Africa will provide more insight to the issue. A nation’s government should not have the right to decide what important information can be shown and what important information can’t. One thing is clear though, it is that important current events, historic events, and some necessary information should be accessible to the general public in order to help the country. In South Africa, “Interior Minister Theophilus Ebenhaezar Dönges, son of a Dutch Reformed clergyman, [by] law, [can] ban anything he considers "indecent, obscene or… objectionable," and no court can overrule him.” (Times Magazine, 1951) Although this is source is old it is still alive today just with different names. The Interior Minister can and does take full advantage of this law, as South Africa is one of many African countries that has censorship issues, and for obvious reasons. The Interior Minister uses this law to protect and restrict important data from the public. This results in the harm of South Africa as they remain uninformed and uneducated about certain things they should know. Moving to China, you find a different reaction to censorship. For starters, China is hands down one of the most censored country in the world especially in its internet media platform. Additionally, China’s internet is so restricted that a term called the “Great Firewall...
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...reached a confidential settlement. Google's Beijing based office was located at NCI Tower. A Chinese-language based interface was designed for google.com and was launched in 2006 (google.cn) in which the results were censored by the Chinese Government. Q1. What considerations are relevant to a Government's decisions concerning the internet governance? Please use context of this case study. (5 marks) The People’s Republic of China has a socialist government rather than a democracy, thereby aiming on complete filtering of the flow of information amongst their masses. Internet, being the largest and such an open platform for the whole world to share and express their views can have a significant impact on the thinking of the people. Therefore China being aware of the consequences of free information to its public has censored the internet content mostly in their favor. Relevant considerations for the Government regarding internet Governance: Censorship on Chinese historical events where they have blocked certain key words so that the public don’t get access to certain search results that might start a rebellion movement. Some of the key words include ‘Tibet’, ‘Dalai Lama’, Chinese forces activities in Tibet etc. Every nation has a specific culture, but Internet is a widespread platform that can give access to experience and gain knowledge about the cultures prevailing around the world. These very cultures can actually alter the mindset of the people, thus China has followed...
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...discrimination make it impossible for you to call anyone a friend, let alone trust another person. You are completely alone, watching other couples and friends laugh and walk by while you stand there hoping they notice you but wishing they wouldn’t because you’re an embarrassment to yourself. Yet, this song contains curse words and explicit language that are frowned upon. Now think of this. The same song comes on the radio the next day with all of the swear words bleeped out and some of the language altered for “easy” listening. Does the song still have the same meaning? Should the song have been censored for listeners? No. It takes away the honesty and feeling that makes the song so powerful. Much of censoring does which is why I’m opposed to internet censoring. Censoring is when an audio creation, book, movie or a written piece is officially examined and the parts that are considered unacceptable are censored, or in other words hidden or taken out. Usually when a person thinks of censoring they think of protection. Society as whole is being kept safe because sex scenes in movies, curse words in songs and books are being taken out so people aren’t exposed to such vulgarity. Online articles and news reports are being shared with the public but the entire truth and reality of the whole dilemma isn’t being told. So how exactly is this helping the public more than hurting it? We now live in a world that is run by technology. We’re able to keep up with the world’s events and crimes...
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..." Every day there are thousands of people who say a thousand different things. They express their freedom as an American citizen in public, on television, and on the internet freely without a care in the world. Even with the knowledge that they have the right to freedom of speech many people every day are subject to censorship. Many people are forced to bite their tongues because what they say is not approved by everybody and this is what leads to many different arguments. Censorship should not be enforced as strictly as it is today; it should be taken less seriously when it comes to television and the internet. We should all have the right to say what we want and not have our thoughts and feelings covered up from the world. All of this can...
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...Should governments censor material on the World Wide Web? By: Russell Hite Should governments censor the Internet? This has been an on going debate for years. It has intensified over recent years with the growth of the Internet, and with more people using the Internet, and being exposed to what it has to offer. Many people have asked, what information should I have access too? In my opinion there is no correct answer to that question. You will always hear a variety of answers. An issue such as pornography to children seems to be one of the biggest topics. Inappropriate things are found on the Internet each day. Some people argue that censoring the Internet is unconstitutional. The Internet is the best source for people to express opinions and facts. Its said that “Freedom of speech” or “Freedom of press” is guaranteed by the First Amendment. For that reason, some people argue that censorship of the Internet is illegal. Censoring the Internet would be an uphill battle for the government to do. The government would have to invest time and man power to make it happen. Another issue would be, the government would have to get all other countries to support the idea. Information that you do not want your child to see should be a parent’s responsibility. However, with technology today that is almost impossible. There are other sources of media related things. There is the T.V., magazines and movies. All these forms of media can give unfavorable examples towards people,...
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...Josephine Nguyen Professor Mark Harrison English 1A 6 December 2013 Should the First Amendment Protect Sexual Images? Very few of us are strangers to pornography. Pornography is not only defined as four-letter-word and indecency but it also is an issue that has and will keep on calling upon a lot of debate. There are numerous different opinions about pornography. While many people who identify pornography as derogatory, disgraceful, and abominable, there are also a large number of people who recognize it as an attraction, a form of sexual countenance, and amusement. Pornography is sexually accurate substance, such as pictures, videos, or even writing, whose constitutional element is to cause sexual awaking. Moreover, sexually explicit material becomes more and more abundance on magazines, television, movies, and on billboards, and it can be much more accessible through the Web. After exploring the war on pornography, although there are a lot of people who stand for pornography, I still think that pornography should be censored on magazines, movies, television, and on the Internet, and there also should be limits for pornography because it’s harmful to our society. First of all, let’s talk about the differences between sexual images of consenting adults and sexual images of children. Most people consider pornography to be stirring images of consenting adults. In particular, sexual images of consenting adults are images of someone who is legally eighteen years old...
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...language, history, and culture should constitute an independent nation,free of foreign domination” according to dictionary.com. It sounds wonderful, and can be. Unfortunately governments create many acts in the name of Nationalism that end up affecting their population negatively. No wonder their is such trust issues when it comes to trusting the political parties that control the fates of any given country. Idealy nationalism should be acts the government makes in order to protect the economy, history, and people of a nation. For example the French and American revolution that created a strong binding of Americans. We are a far cry from that in this new day and age. There are many acts that U.S. government creates in the name of nationalism, but have ended up being something that negatively affected the American people. The patriot act for instance. This act was put into place forty five days after the 9/11 attacks. While the American government stated that this act was created to protect Americans it made it legal for our civil rights to be violated. This act made under the guise of national security makes every day Americans susceptible to being scrutinized as assumed criminals and or terrorists. All emails, phone conversations and internet activity can be tracked without warrant or warning. Any person can be held in the name of national security without a phone call and our personal information can be gathered without a judge even having to review why and issue a warrant. All...
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...Weibo is being censored is explained. According to previous theories, internet cannot be regarded as a safe and free place for ideas and liberated speeches, Weibo is a good and exaggerated example as it is born in China--a nation long been considered to be less democratic. But is it really true? Was the limit of speech and media censorship really necessary? How does China want to assert them? Introduction As the 'Arab Spring' had cause enormous shake in the Middle East and north Africa, we had witnessed other great overthrows of regimes, and internet undoubtedly participated as a important role in the movement. When another civic protest took place in numerous western countries, we can also sense the huge power emanated by the social networks. The Chinese government was well aware of this, and they had foreseen the danger and unrest that these social networks could bring, 2 years earlier Twitter was officially shut sown---possibly because of the riot in Xinjiang one month before the blocking--and Weibo appeared as a Chinese replica to replace it. As theories have been given suggesting that internet is not a insurance for democracy of freedom of speech, Weibo is an exaggerated example to explain them. This is because the Chinese government is more careful with these new inventions and is stricter when they are facing dissidents. It is beyond doubt that Weibo had offered Chinese internet with more vigor and freedom. It created a new fashion of internet...
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...Nova Southeastern University Wayne Huizenga Graduate School of Business & Entrepreneurship Assignment for Course: MGT5015 Submitted to: Submitted by: Date of Submission: Title of Assignment: CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledge and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas of words, whether quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. Student Signature: ___________________________ Student Signature: ___________________________ Student Signature: ___________________________ Student Signature: ___________________________ Student Signature: ___________________________ ******************************************* Instructor’s Grade on Assignment: Instructor’s Comments: Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………………pg. 3 Legal Section………………….……………………………………………………....pg. 5 Relevant Legal Principles…………………………………………..................pg. 6 Application of Law …………………………………………….….………….pg. 7 Legal Conclusion………...…….……………………………….……..............pg. 8 Ethic Section……………………………………...……………………….…………..pg. 8 Utilitarian Ethical Analysis……………………………………………………pg. 8 Kantian Ethical Analysis……………………………….………….................pg. 12 Machiavellian Virtues………………………………………………………..pg...
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...For Chapter review, I have decided to review on Week 7’s Lecture, which is about China internet censorship, and networked politics. One of the reading that I will particularly focus an article by Jonathan Sullivan, “China’s Weibo: Is faster different”. Weibo is a microblogging platform in China where it is their own ‘Facebook’. With China censoring social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, etc, they have made their own platform where the government can still monitor and censor what their citizen post online which bring negative feedback from the public opinion and other countries. China is one of the fastest growing economic in the world where it is also one of the only country that is still a communist country. Although China...
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...Google, the fast growing Internet search engine company, was established with a clear mission in mind: to organize the world’s information and make it universally acceptable and useful. This mission has driven Google to create a search engine that on the basis of key words entered by the user will scan the web for text, images, videos, news articles, books, and academic journals, among other things. Google has built a highly profitable advertising business on the back of its search engine, which is by far the most widely used in the world. Under the pay-per-click business model, advertisers pay Google every time a user of its search engine clicks on one of the paid links typically listed on the right hand side of Google’s results page. Google has long operated with the mantra “don’t be evil”! When this phrase was originally formulated, the central message was that Google should never compromise the integrity of its search results. For example, Google decided not to let commercial considerations bias its ranking. This is why paid links are not included in its main search results, but listed on the right hand side of the results page. The mantra “don’t be evil”, however, has become more than that at Google; it has become a central organizing principle of the company and an ethical touchstone by which managers judge all of its strategic decisions. Google’s mission and mantra raised hopes among human rights activities that the search engine would be an unstoppable tool for...
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...Dominant Brand -Google in China By Qu Chen 0544631 RELS 2250 Business Ethics November 4thc, 2014 Introduction As we all know, Google is the world’s most demanding search engine, which is one of the largest information technology companies that based their production and processes through the use of internet. Now, Google is not just a search engine anymore, it also offers online productivity software including Gmail, a cloud storage service, such as Google Drive, an Google Docs and a social networking service Google+. Desktop products include applications for web browsing, organizing and editing photos, and instant messaging. However, some of the popular products of Google are the Google web search engine, Goggle product search, Google Map, GMail, Google Video, and more. In fact, The Company started as a research project by two PhD Larry Page and Sergey Brin students in Stanford University of California in 1996. (Google Campany) Google Inc. has many company locations but their main office is located in Mountain View, California. The main office of Google is more popularly known as Googolplex. (Google Campany) Development of Google According to the webpage of Google, there mission is to make a system that will ease everybody when they want to search for something. Google wants to systematize every information in the world as well make it universally assessable and user friendly to everyone. The vision of Google is to make the company known as the “The perfect...
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...someone starts a company, the reason employees crawl out of bed each morning, and the reason why sometimes ethical values are bent or broken. On the small scale, such as a local grocery, ethics of the owners and employees can be easily maintained because the area they are operating in shares the same values. This, however, is not the case with global businesses. Instead of a local community for profits large businesses rely on the global market, thus exposing and challenging their original ethics for the sake of continued profits. This cross-cultural perspective will examine a recent example of this challenge when the company Google began to expand into the Chinese and other Asian markets. Google is a multi-billion dollar company that was started in the garage of two Stanford students in 1997 (Google, 2012). The initial goal was to produce an internet search engine that would be able to find and provide access to an immeasurable amount of information. Since its inception, Google published several values that were believed to be the essence of the company. Among them were that all focus should be on the user of the product and that any ad revenue should not come at the users cost, examples include pop-up advertising and manipulated searches (Google, 2012). Google also started with a relaxed approach to business, believing that employees worked better when comfortable, and that information should be shared. As Google expanded from its humble beginning, the company took on a larger and...
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...Chapter 2 Closing Case: Google’s Mission, Ethical Principels, and Involvement in China Google, the fast growing Internet search engine company, was established with a clear mission in mind: to organize the world’s information and make it universally acceptable and useful. This mission has driven Google to create a search engine that on the basis of key words entered by the user will scan the web for text, images, videos, news articles, books, and academic journals, among other things. Google has built a highly profitable advertising business on the back of its search engine, which is by far the most widely used in the world. Under the pay-per-click business model, advertisers pay Google every time a user of its search engine clicks on one of the paid links typically listed on the right hand side of Google’s results page. Google has long operated with the mantra “don’t be evil”! When this phrase was originally formulated, the central message was that Google should never compromise the integrity of its search results. For example, Google decided not to let commercial considerations bias its ranking. This is why paid links are not included in its main search results, but listed on the right hand side of the results page. The mantra “don’t be evil”, however, has become more than that at Google; it has become a central organizing principle of the company and an ethical touchstone by which managers judge all of its strategic decisions. Google’s mission and mantra raised...
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