...In Chapter three titled “Cyanides (HCN, KCN, NaCN)” of The Poisoner’s Handbook by Deborah Blum, Fremont Jackson and Annie were found dead in their bathroom at the, The Hotel Margaret, police immediately guessed that it could have been a double suicide though investigators didn’t find anything that could have been used to kill themselves. A medical examiner later did an autopsy and found out that cyanide could have been the cause of there death. Cyanide is an element, which is in groups, hydrogen cyanide made up of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen atoms, potassium cyanide is a white poisonous salt, and sodium cyanide which can also be the white poisonous salt. This element is related to Mr. and Mrs. Jackson death because cyanide poisoned them...
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...consisted of a general work area that included two bath tanks that contained cyanide solution on one side and an acid bath on the other. In the four corners of the work area there were several waste drums spread out through the area. The rest of the work area consisted of rinse, plating, etching tanks and a general office. After multiple employee reports, the inspector obtained a search warrant to inspect the facility to see the building waste management processes. The search results from the inspector came up with two major issues that the company was doing, and the owner was denying. First, the several waste drums contained electroplating chemicals that could not be used any more, this is due to them being used multiple times already and could not be used any more for future use. The owner stated that the solutions were still good and will be used later for plating processes. Further investigations showed that they chemical were corroding the metal containers and releasing toxic chemicals in the air while the employees were working. Secondly, there were green fumes that were inside the building and deadly cyanide gases that would release due to mixing of cyanide and acid bath solutions. The plant solutions were causing the green fumes inside the building and causing respiratory problems when inhaled during hours of operation. The deadly cyanide gas that was created when the acid bath and cyanide solution sometimes mixed with each other because one steel plate separated the...
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...Cyanide Fishing Recently, cyanide fishing for tropical and exotic species has become more prevalent in the South Pacific, causing harm to not only the marine life that is targeted, but their habitats as well. Many people in South East Asian countries rely solely on this fishing practice for income, in which they chase these tropical marine species and spray them with a cyanide solution to stun them and aid in their capture. These fish are then put into bags and exported to places like North America and Europe where they are sold for premium prices. However, many of these fish are harmed by the cyanide solution and do not even survive the trip, making the mortality rates very high, nearly forty percent (Pflug, 66.) The process of cyanide fishing is used to capture fish and invertebrates, but is damaging to many corals and juvenile reef species. This practice is becoming much more common in the Philippines, which was the first country to use the cyanide technique, where much of the reefs are destroyed from harvesting corals and cyanide fishing. Over three thousand tropical fishermen in the Philippines expose miles of coral reefs to cyanide, killing the coral polyps and bleaching the reef. Until strict regulations are put in place to protect the reefs and their inhabitants, cyanide fishing will continue to devastate reefs and kill marine life the world over. The new trend in Hong Kong and other major Asian cities are restaurants that have large fish tanks where the customers...
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...Gold Mining with Cyanide REPORT ON I-147 Repeal of the Ban on Cyanide Heap Leaching in Gold Mining WHAT IS CYANIDE AND WHAT DOES IT DO IN THE ENVIRONMENT Cyanide is a general term, referring to various specific cyanide compounds. Cyanide (CN) itself is a simple, organic anion (negatively charged ion) consisting of carbon and nitrogen. Despite often-heard references to “pure cyanide,” it actually exists only as an anion, so is only a component of other compounds. Even though cyanide is a poison, trace amounts of cyanide compounds occur naturally in our bodies and in many foods. Even over a lifetime of exposure, trace amounts pose no threat to human health. Cyanide does not build up in the body. The liver removes it. As one might expect, cyanide compounds are used in certain herbicides. But some common drugs—including the pain reliever ibuprofen and the anti-inflammatory agent naproxen—also contain cyanide compounds, or are derived directly from them. Today, U.S. chemical manufacturing industries consume more than 10 times the amount of cyanide compounds than are used in domestic gold mining to manufacture products like nylon and other polyamides, acrylics and certain plastics. Cyanide compounds are also used to harden steel and to electroplate copper and precious metals. Cyanide heap leach solutions are very alkaline because at a ph of 8 or below CN vaporizes into the air. In the air, the poison is quickly dispersed and would only be dangerous in a very small area close to the...
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...Throughout life ones beliefs, moral expectations and decisions are often based solely on an individual’s upbringing and what they have been taught to believe is morally right. What happens when what we have been taught waivers when the circumstances presented or represented is outside of one’s beliefs and morals. Capital punishment is a very controversial issue and debated topic and is still used in many states as the major penalty for a serious crime. Some of the immoral methods of capital punishment are lethal injection, electric chair and the gas chamber. Lethal injection is the most common mean of execution in most of the states in US. This method is probably one of the less violent ways of execution. In 1977, Oklahoma became the first state to adopt lethal injection as a means of execution. When this method is used, the person is usually bound to a gurney and a member of the execution team positions several heart monitors on the skin. Two needles (one is a back-up) are then inserted into usable veins, usually in the inmates arms. Long tubes connect the needle through a hole in a cement block wall to several intravenous drips. The first is a harmless saline solution that is started immediately. Then, at the warden's signal, a curtain is raised exposing the inmate to the witnesses in an adjoining room. Then, the inmate is injected with sodium thiopental - an anesthetic, which puts the inmate to sleep. Next flows bromide, which paralyzes the entire muscle system and stops...
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...4HCl(aq) ® MnCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) + Cl2(g)| A)|3.55 L| B)|3.09 L| C)|0.138 L| D)|5.36 ´ 10-3 L| E)|0.282 L| 2.|A 6.0-ft person weighs 168 lb. What is this person's height in meters and weight in kilograms? (1 lb = 453.6 g; 1 m = 3.28 ft.)| A)|5.4 m, 76.2 kg| B)|1.8 m, 76.2 kg| C)|2.3 m, 43.2 kg| D)|1.8 m, 7620 kg| 3.|The speed of sound in air at room temperature is about 343 m/s. What is this speed in miles per hour? (1 mi = 1609 m.)| A)|12.8 mph| B)|343 mph| C)|767 mph| D)|46020 mph| 4.|The oxidation number of Fe in K3Fe(CN)6 is| A)|-3| B)|+3| C)|+2| D)|-4| E)|+1| 5.|What is 25.4 mg when converted to kilograms?| A)|2.54 kg| B)|2.54 ´ 104 kg| C)|2.54 ´10–5 kg| D)|2540 kg| 6.|What is the formula for copper (II) cyanide?| A)|Cu(CN)2| B)|Cu2CN| C)|CuNCO| D)|CuCN| 7.|What is the molar mass of acetaminophen, C8H9NO2?| A)|125 g/mol| B)|162 g/mol| C)|76 g/mol| D)|43 g/mol| E)|151 g/mol| 8.|Calculate the mass of iron(II) sulfide formed when 27.66 g of Fe reacts with 14.44 g of S.| A)|9.17 g| B)|5.27 g| C)|39.60 g| D)|14.44 g| E)|43.54 g| 9.|Aluminum is a lightweight metal (density = 2.70 g/cm3) used in aircraft construction, high-voltage transmission lines, beverage cans, and foils. What is its density in kg/m3?| A)|8.2 ´ 102 kg/m3| B)|2.70 ´ 103 kg/m3| C)|4.30 ´ 103 kg/m3| D)|2.70 ´ 104 kg/m3| 10.|How many atoms are in 5.54 g of F2?| A)|0.146 atoms| B)|8.78 ´ 1022 atoms| C)|1.76 ´ 1023 atoms| D)|0.292 atoms| E)|6.02 ´ 1023...
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...Poisons Abi Barnes Aconite A poison is a substance that can cause illness or death among an organism when introduced to the body and a toxin is a poison that originates from an animal or plant; a lethal dose is an amount of something that will cause death. The different types of poisons are those from various different types of animals, medicines, common household cleaning products, mushrooms and plants. In their own way all poisons are helpful, such as for animals; animals use poisons as a defence technique against their predators, as do some plants. Cleaning products are harmful if ingested, inhaled, or sometimes even when they come into contact with skin, but they are also helpful to sanitize and clean our home and/or our selves. Aconitum has a vast range of names consisting of, ‘queen of poisons’, monkshood, wolf’s bane, devil’s helmet and blue rocket and many more. The name aconite originates from the Greek name akonitos, ak meaning ‘pointed’ or ‘sharp’ and konos meaning ‘cone’, and was initially used to kill wolves, hence the name wolf’s bane. The aconitum plant consists of over 350 different species of plant, all with either a violet-blue, almost purple flower shaped like a helmet or a yellow flower; the most well common aconite in Europe is the aconitum napellus, which features the violet-blue flowers. The roots are the most poisonous part of the plant, although the entire aconitum plant is poisonous, however this is only specific to the violet-blue...
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...The Baia Mare cyanide spill had left several consequences behind. The spill did not only contain cyanide in it; it also contained a significant amount of heavy metals like lead. As a consequence to the spill 2.5 million people where supplied with water contaminated with cyanide and other heavy metals. The Cyanide plume that entered the river had 700 times more concentration than the maximum amount of cyanide supposed to be present in drinking water. Due to this, the drinking water supply of Romanian and Hungarian towns was suspended for a while. In addition to water, the soil in some areas were highly polluted which made farming activities difficult for the following years. The other major impact of this spill was on the aquatic and wild life. About 80 percent of the aquatic life was killed after the spill. Around sixty two different species of fish where 20 of them were endemic were dead from the toxic (2000 Baia Mare cyanide spill, 2012). On top of that animals like foxes and other semi aquatic animals were affected after feeding on the contaminated fishes. According to the news published by BBC on 31 January, 2001, there were few cases of illnesses related to the spill. Most of these patients were sick because the contamination lowered their immune system. This was specially seen on kids. Chronic respiratory disease was seen in most of the kids after the spill. The health officers of Baia Mare had reported as six time the safe level of cyanide had been detected in the bloods...
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...Blood agents are poisons that act on the body by being consumed into the blood (http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/blood/). There are three known blood agents as identified by the Center for Disease Control: Arsine (SA), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Cyanide, and Sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080). I will attempt to discuss in detail how each blood agent enters the body and effects the human body. Blood agents extract from its effect on exposed victims. Blood agents generally enters the body by way of inhalation. It paralyzes the ability of the blood cells to harness and transfer oxygen to the blood. Because the blood agent prevents the transfer of oxygen to the blood, it causes the body to suffocate within. Arsine By definition, arsine is has no color, flammable, non-irritating lethal gas with a benign garlic odor. It is generated when arsenic comes in unity with an acid (http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/arsine/facts.asp). It has been reported that a half-hour exposure to 25-50 ppm can be lethal (Blackwell and Robins, 1979). Clinical signs of arsine present in the body are: abdominal pain, blood in urine, and jaundice. Symptoms that follow showing signs of acute exposure are: headaches, weakness, inability to release bowel, which usually causes vomiting and nausea due to stress on the body. Arsine was investigated as a warfare agent during World War II, but was never used on the battlefield (http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/arsine/facts.asp). Certain industrial processes...
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...next best product of the company’s name, Tylenol Extra Strength tablets, becoming the number 1 branded over the counter analgesic in the U.S. Some say so much success comes at a price, and for Tylenol and Johnson and Johnson, the price became high in 1982. September 29 of 1982 was the start of a major country-wide scare concerning Tylenol Extra Strength. After becoming McNeil’s best selling product, Tylenol was held responsible for killing 7 people in the Chicago area. After investigations and autopsies, authorities found that the pills taken by these 7 people were laced with cyanide. Cyanide is a fast acting, very harmful even chemical. It can be found in gas or crystal form. One can be exposed to cyanide by breathing air, drinking water, eating, or touching soil that contains it. It is also found in cigarettes, which is the most common way one comes in contact with the chemical. Within minutes of cyanide being ingested the victim will feel symptoms of poisoning which include, restlessness, rapid breathing, weakness, dizziness, headaches, rapid...
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...Barrick Gold Australia: Getting close with local communities and stakeholders in respective countries by ensuring economic growth and social life development was the only way Barrick Gold could enter into profit rich countries. Forecasting indigenous business opportunities and profits the company entered the country by winning hearts of local people. Barrick Gold initiated its business by entering New South Wales, Australia in 1996. It entered Wiradjuri with its ongoing hope for hi-quantity profits. With its same strategy it entered Lake Cowal which has been a heritage for the local community out there. Lake Cowal basin has been registered as National Estate in Australia’s Directory of Important Wet Lands. Lake Cowal remains dry for more than a six months but gets flooded during rainy season. It has been also a major source of water supply to the communities of Wiradjuri. The Cowal Lake Gold Project was been first filed for approval to New South Wales Government in 1996. But on basis of environmental grounds the lake project was been refused by the Government. After some political internal initiations during 1999, Lake Cowal Gold Project was been approved right before state elections. With its life for about only thirteen years the project was initiated in year 2006 with full swing as it brought its first gold of about 2.7 million ounce. Even if the project was been approved by the Government , local stakeholders did complain about tghe company of not maintaining the required...
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...Galante, Pierre and Silianoff, Eugene Voices from the Bunker, 1989. This book involves the history of Hitler and everyone else who was in the bunker with him. There was not a clear thesis because the book had no argument or thing to prove, it is more of an educational but random collection of corresponding stories. The authors purpose was to educate and explain the events that occurred in the final days of the bunker. It also gives some insight as to how Hitler went about his suicide, first testing cyanide on his dog, killing it, and then ultimately deciding to both take a cyanide capsule and shoot himself. The authors intended audience was anyone who wanted to learn about the bunker in which Hitler and his staff were stuck. The author used...
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...Business Ethics - Rosia Montana: Political and Social Risk Management in the Land of Dracula What might opponents have done to raise the profile of their concerns and slow or stop the mine's redevelopment? A group of politicians and non-governmental organizations were trying to block the redevelopment of the gold mine at Rosia Montana. At first, these seemed to be the only opponent groups fighting against the revival of this project, nevertheless new associations and recently formed group of citizens began to protest because of the negative impact and threats that this project represented. Gabriel Resources’ initial offer seemed to be attractive in terms of job creation (2000 additional jobs), industry development (gold production) and lodging (improved installments), nevertheless the detrimental effects on the environment, the loss of its cultural richness, the relocation of its people, as well as the lack of transparency as to what the scope of the project could be, were some of the reasons which could’ve delayed the process from being accepted. Romania’s historical, cultural and political contexts could not be left aside dimmed by the so-promised potential returns that the company expected in detrimental of the local’s welfare. “Gold gave Rosia Montana life, but it also brought premature death” (Page 3), and the latter explains the irreversibility of the side effects derived from this initiative. TAX SHIELDS/ TRANSPARENCY AND SCOPE OF THE PROJECT – The government...
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...natural selection can act even faster than scientists can genetically engineer something. Some cotton crops have been genetically modified to produce a toxin that's harmful to most bollworms. A small number of bollworms had a mutation that gave them immunity to the toxin. They ate the cotton and lived, while all non-immune bollworms died. The intense population pressure has produced broad immunity to the toxin in the entire species within the span of just a few years [source: EurekAlert]. Case #3 Some species of clover developed a mutation that caused the poison cyanide to form in the plant's cells. This gave the clover a bitter taste, making it less likely to be eaten. However, when the temperature drops below freezing, some cells rupture, releasing the cyanide into the plant's tissues and killing the plant. In warm climates, there are more cyanide-producing clover, but where the winters are cold, non-cyanide clover was...
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...DANGERS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE ____________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Course Communication Arts II ____________________ By Julienne TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………….. II. NATURE OF SECONDHAND SMOKE…………………………………………….. III. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SECONDHAND SMOKE…………………….... A. Cotinine…………………………………………………………………………... B. Carcinogens………………………………………………………………………. 1. Carbon Monoxide……………………………………………………………… 2. Cyanide……………………………………………………………………….... IV. TYPES OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………………………….. A. Mainstream Smoke………………………………………………………………… B. Sidestream Smoke…………………………………………………………………. C. Thirdhand Smoke………………………………………………………………….. V. EFFECTS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………………………. A. Cancers…………………………………………………………………………… 1. LungCancer………………………………………………………………….. 2. Breast Cancer ……………………………………………………………….. B. Effects in Cardiovascular System………………………………………………… 1. Coronary Heart Disease……………………………………………………… 2. Stroke…………………………………………………………………………. 3. Other Heart Disease………………………………………………………….. C. Effects in Respiratory System…………………………………………………….. 1. Asthma………………………………………………………………………... 2. Irritation of Respiratory Tract………………………………………………… D. Effects in Neurological System……………………………………………………. 1. Dementia………………………………………………………………………. E. Effects During Pregnancy…………………………………………………………. F. Effects to Children…………………………………………………………………...
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