...Unit Abstract This unit will study extreme weather on Earth but more specifically Mars and Venus. In the first steps it outlines the summary of this unit. The steps that the students have to take in studying these planets are outlined in the objectives. There are three cognitive objectives, one psychomotor, and one affective objective. The students will take this new knowledge of these planets and have to compare and contrast it with each other as well as weather on Earth. They will then have to assemble their own measuring tool for Mars or Venus and then have to defend their tool as the last step in this unit. As the students go through this unit they will be going through the levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy. They will start in the knowledge category as they start off describing weather but will finish in the evaluating category with their final creation presenting and defending why their tool would work on Mars or Venus. By taking these steps, utilizing back ground knowledge, and being able to create and make a measuring tool this would be a great lesson to add to any weather unit that is hands-on and engaging. Extreme Weather Unit Studying extreme weather on other planets is a very engaging lesson to teach to grades 2-5. It gives the students’ knowledge on weather that we experience on Earth and makes them think beyond that to our whole solar system. They will also be challenged to create their own measuring tools to use on other planets in the solar system. Summary...
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...I would like to discuss the topic of Canon and Illumination. This class has helped to give me a greater understanding of my convictions and make me a better Christian. II. Part One: Canon The word Canon is Greek for a rule, and its meaning can be translated as “measuring stick.” (Praxis, Gutierrez and Etzel, 2012, pg 53) The Canon of scripture areis the accepted books of the Bible, thatBible, which is to be a tool for Christians to allow the Holy Spirit to measure them by spiritually. This “Measuring stick” is the instrument that shows our Faithfulness or lack of, our Obedience or lack of, our Conduct , our Sight, and our hearing by the word of God. The canon is the infallible word of God, His instruction to us and communication withcommunication with us that we understand what and how he expects us to live. The Measuring stick of the Old Testament was hard for anyone to keep, because no one is without sin, we understand that God made provision for us and that now we are not measured by the law (Canon) but by our Faith, God’s Grace and our Purpose in Him. God is our measuring stick for our spiritual as well as natural lives, because it is according to grace through our faith that we receive the blessings of Abraham, and though we were yet sinners Jesus came and died for us that we might have the right to eternal life. “For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put my laws in their...
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...Measuring Earth with a Stick Have you ever heard of the Greek mathematician and astronomer Eratosthenes? His name is probably best known among astronomers. Why do they think so highly of him? Eratosthenes was born about 276 B.C.E. and received some of his education in Athens, Greece. He spent a good part of his life, however, in Alexandria, Egypt, which at that time was under Greek rule. In about 200 B.C.E., Eratosthenes set out to determine the dimensions of the earth by using a simple stick. “Impossible!” you may say. How did he do it? In the city of Syene (now called Aswan), Eratosthenes observed that at noon on the first day of summer, the sun was directly overhead. He knew this because there was no shadow cast when the sunlight reached the bottom wells. However, at noon on the same day in the city of Alexandria, which was located 5,000 stadia (stadia were Greek units of length. Through the exact value varied locally, one stadium is believed to have been 530 to 600 feet) to the north of Syene, a shadow could be observed. That gave Eratosthenes an idea. Eratosthenes set up a gnomon, a simple upright stick. When the sun was overhead at noon, he measured the angle of the shadow that the stick cast in Alexandria. He determined the angle to be 7.2 degrees from vertical. Now, Eratosthenes believed the earth to be spherical, and he knew that there are 360 degrees in a circle. So he divided 360 by the angle he had measured, 7.2. The result? His angle was one...
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...Introduction The planet Earth is the only planet that supports and sustains human life. The human activities carried out on the planet are gradually making the planet unfavorable to live on (Perman 81). Ecology involves the study of relationships between living organisms and their usual natural environment. This paper will define ecological footprint, present a deep understanding of the ecological footprint and show how it applies in measuring the peoples’ effects to the environment. The paper will also explain how the ecological footprint can be used in making choices that go in line with people’s lifestyles. The principles of ecological footprint date back to literatures related to geography, ecology and economics. However, the idea of the earth’s ecological footprint has been present since early 90’s (Wackernagel 35). William Rees in 1992 produced the first academic publication on ecological footprint. The concept of ecological footprint and calculation criteria was later developed by Mathis Wackernagel as a PhD dissertation under the supervision of Rees at British Columbia University in Vancouver. Originally, the concept was called the appropriated carrying capacity. Rees later came up with the ecological footprint term in order to ensure that the concept is accessible. The ecological footprint in the planet has transpired as the earth’s vital gauge of the individual’s demand on the environment and the entire nature. It is used in measuring the amount of land and...
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...His books included De Magnete,Magneticisque Corporibus, and et de Magno Magnete Tellure. And these were extremely popular and it changed the way people thought about magnetism and electricity because people believed that there was a large island on the north pole pointing compasses towards it but he corrected them saying that there is iron in the middle of the earth making the compasses point to a magnetic pole towards the north and there is no island attracting compasses. You might be wondering how he found this stuff out. Well, he used a Earth model called a terrella which he conducted experiments with. He is considered to be the father of magnetism, electricity, and engineering. In one of his books he studied static electricity too which he used amber to do which means elektron in Greek so he chose to call this electric force. He also invented the first ever electrical measuring instrument which is used for detecting and measuring electricity especially as an indication of the ionization of air by radioactivity. How it works is when an object with a suspected static electric charge is brought near a metal plate or ball of the electroscope electrical charges will move in the metal and down to the foil leaves which can repel each other. He pretty much made the terms electricity, electric force, magnetic pole and electric attraction. He figured out that if you were to split a magnet...
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...e,The Solar System * The Solar System consists of the Sun and the astronomical objects bound to it by gravity, all of which formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud approximately 4.6 billion years ago. Of the many objects that orbit the Sun, most of the mass is contained within eight relatively solitary planets whose orbits are almost circular and lie within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic plane. THE SUN The Sun is the most prominent feature in our solar system. It is the largest object and contains approximately 98% of the total solar system mass. Did you know? The Sun is big enough to hold over 1 million Earths. Many rituals and monuments are devoted to worshipping the Sun and/or marking important times in the Earth's orbit around the Sun. Mercury * Moon * No satellite * Giovanni Zupi * Has magnetic field * Mariner 10 * Revolution: 88 days * Rotation: 59 days Venus * Earth * No satellite * Galileo Galilei * No magnetic field * Mariner 2 * Revolution : 224.7 days * Rotation : 243 or (242 days) Mercury * Roman messenger of the gods * Smallest planet * Shortest year * Core: iron * Mantle: silicates * Crust: cratered terrain from meteors and small comets. Venus * Roman goddess of beauty * Hottest planet * Longest day * Core: iron and nickel * Mantle: unknown composition * Crust: Silicious...
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...Student Tutor Course Date Super-Earths Might Be Our Best Bet for Finding Alien Life Scientists have always presumed that there exist other planets made rightly in the likeness of earth. These planets relate to earth in terms of density and hence scientists are able to relate and deduce the relationship of these planets and the earth. In 2009 astronomer found two planets that are closely related to the earth. The planets were named super-earths these are CoRoT-7b and GJ 1214. These planets are rocky and their densities are larger than that of the earth. The CoRoT-7b is about five times the mass of the earth, measuring approximately one-and-a-half time’s earth’s width. The GJ 1214 is about five times the width of the earth, with about six-and-a-half times the earth’s mass, but the density of this super planet is lower in comparison to CoRoT-7b. The super-earths are made of hyper-compressed ices covered in layers of carbon that is crushed into diamonds. These super-earths are known to revolve around a pulsar and not a star, which are remnant of gigantic stars that underwent supernova leading to propulsion of radiation. Super-earths are elusive but their discovery was based on the finding of the super-earth Gliese 876 d, this was an exoplanet pegged at 7.5 Earth masses. The steps to accessing the life of a planet are establishing if the world is rocky or glassy. The light from host stars is analyzed to detect the specific molecules that act as...
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...sentence is a lie;” the contentious point being to try and decipher whether it is true that the sentence is a lie and therefore the sentence is false, or whether the sentence’s being true means that the sentence lies about it itself being a lie and is, in fact, true. It seems less applicable to say that there is not a clear cut boundary between truth and falsehood, however, with such statements as “it is true that the Earth is round.” On the contrary, in this case it seems very clear cut that it is in fact true that the Earth is round. No one can argue otherwise without quickly being shown contradictory proof (barring any sort of infinite regress of truth in the epistemological sense, which is not a practical argument in this sense as that would only dispute that we cannot be aware of truth, not that truth exists or that it is able to be known). The point remains, however, that there are situations in which true and false are not easily discernible. What, then, is it that differentiates the truth of statements such as “this sentence is a lie” and “it is true that the Earth is round?” Some may argue that the difference here is that both statements refer to a different type of truth, while others may argue that the two statements simply refer to two different situations in which the contention is in the situation itself, not in the truth value of...
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... The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources To: Benjamin Bradshaw GEOG*2210 (DE) S14 Environment and Resources From: Dhurim Gjureci 0678764 Thursday, July 17, 2014 The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources 1 GEOG 2210 S14 Dhurim Gjureci The Measure of Ecological Footprint in Hopes to Reduce Human Consumption on the Earths Resources By: Dhurim Gjureci Table of Contents What is Ecological Footprint? How is Ecological Footprint Measured? The Current State of the Earth Canada’s Ecological Footprint The Importance of Knowing Our Ecological Footprint Reduction Efforts Conclusion Bibliography Appendix/ Exhibits ...
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...of radiant energy emitted by sun. The most important are light infrared rays. Ultra violet rays, and X- Rays. The sun is a large sphere of very hot gases. Its diameter is 1.39x106KM. While that of the earth is 1.27x104 KM. The mean distance between the two is 1.5x108KM. The beam radiation received from the sun on the earth is reflected in to space, another 15% is absorbed by the earth atmosphere...
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...to the planet Earth. It is located in about 500 light-years from Earth and sails through its habitable zone, resulting to potentially watery surface. The planet was put outside the edge of the habitable zone from the fact that in only gets about one-third of the energy from its star compared to Earth. Though researchers find a potentially habitable planet we still need to surmount the problem of getting there or surviving the trip. (Anonymous, 2007) stated that we still don’t have the idea on how far the nearest habitable planet is, but the assumed distance from the Earth is more or less 20 light years. It is implied that a light year is defined as the distance light travels in a year which is 186,282 miles per second. When it is multiplied the result would be 5,874,589,152,000 miles. The article also stated that the fastest astronauts have ever travelled so far is 7 miles a second and it means that it would take more than 26 thousand years for us to travel the distance of a light year. (Fernando, 2015) discuss the 5 possible problems that we may encounter in living on other planet. (1) The concept of time will be utterly screwed. Earth has 24 hours in a day and 365 days in a year and it all depends on how fast the Earth rotate on its own axis and the length of its orbit. Technically speaking, every planet have different time depending on its axis and the length of its orbit. It is also stated there that measuring time is the most crucial elements in our daily life, and it...
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...January 26, 2015 Telescopes in Astronomy Telescopes are one of man's greatest inventions. The instrument makes distant objects appear closer and they have taken us on a fantastic voyage of learning about and understanding our universe. This paper will focus on the importance of telescopes, major designs, strengths and weaknesses of telescope locations, and where the best place to build them is. In addition, frequencies of light and the role they play in telescopes are discussed. Prior to the telescope the universe was studied, but without the telescope many discoveries would not have been possible. Birth of the Telescope There is some debate as to who designed the first telescope, however the first person to apply for a telescope patent was Hans Lippershey in 1608 (Cox, 2013). In 1609 when Galileo heard of the telescope he decided to design his own and was the first person to point it up toward space (Cox, 2013). Up until this point it was thought that the universe was geocentric and that the Sun evolved around the Earth. The invention of the telescope helped prove the Copernican system in which all planets evolve around the Sun. This discovery significantly changed our view of the universe and our place in it. Telescope Designs Designs of telescopes range from reflecting, refracting, and catadioptric telescopes. These three types of telescopes have the "same light-gathering...
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...Frackopoly by Wenonah Hauter is a nonfiction environmentalist novel about the history of energy sources in the United States. This book shows how the influences in politics took control of our energy and pushed it towards fossil fuels and other nonrenewable resources. The United States spends $37.5 billion dollars annually on the exploration and production of fossil fuels. (Kretzmann, 2015) Fossil fuels have a very heavy use in today’s society, being used for heating and fueling our everyday lives. Only 12% of the energy research budget was spent on trying to expand the renewable side of energy and 10% on efficient use of energy. (Hauter, 2016) Most of the federal money being spent on energy is going towards increasing our oil and gas companies....
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...access to a variety of electrical appliances such as laptop, toaster, microwave, fridge, desktop computer, coffee maker, paper punch, kettle, projector, desk lamp and variety of bulbs. On the second day students will learn the differences between plug loads and phantom (vampire) loads. These differences are necessary to understand the level of electricity waste associated with human activities such not unplugging appliances when not in use. Moreover, students will brainstorm on ways to save electricity around the house or in school. Students will also carry out a survey of electrical appliances found around the house and in the classroom. On the third day students, will learn how to carry out energy audit surveys. Energy audit will include measuring electricity using energy meters such as commercially available Kill-a-Watt meters. After collecting electricity data from actual appliances, student will engage in data analysis activities. After analysis, students will graph appliance consumption by the various appliances (both ON and OFF conditions). Students will identify big electricity consumers and sources of high vampire loads. F. Key Vocabulary • Energy - The ability to do work....
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...The Water Cycle BY Anissa Chambers Student ID: L23254780 Presented to Dr. Travis Bradshaw In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Elements of Earth Science PHSC 210 Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Lynchburg, VA July 15, 2013 The Water Cycle or the hydrologic cycle is an amazing system that God has put in place to maintain the of the earth’s most important resource, water. There is nothing on earth that does not require water to survive in some way or fashion and without it there would be no life on earth. You will find water “in the oceans, glaciers, rivers, lakes, air, soil, and living tissue,” and all of these “reservoirs” makes up the Earth’s hydrosphere. As you study this natural system you cannot help but see the hand of a powerful and creative God. The hydrologic cycle is a process that is constantly recycling the Earth’s water supply. This cycle consist of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and then infiltration. The water cycle is powered by solar energy, or controlled by the sun. The sun produces heat which causes the water from the oceans, lakes, rivers etc. to warm and evaporate. This evaporation is when water is heated to the point that it turns into a water vapor. The water vapor rises and cools which is called condensation, and as more and more water vapors cool it forms clouds. As the water droplets that are forming the clouds become larger and larger until the atmosphere cannot hold them up any longer and the fall to the ground as...
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