...Life course theory is a sociological theory that attempts to explain peoples potential for criminality at different ages of their lives. The theory “emphasizes informal social ties and bonds to society at all ages across the life course” (Sampson, Laub p.312). What this means is that, throughout an individuals life, they develop relationships and responsibilities that are close to the normative standard. In a persons early life they have the influence of their family, their friends, and school. As that person ages their social control shifts to higher education, or vocational education. In middle adulthood that control shifts to work, marriage, parenthood, and giving back to the community. The theory argues that by having these bonds throughout...
Words: 1205 - Pages: 5
...Hey, Caleb, the life course theory has been increasingly used to motivate and justify the examination of the relationships among variables in social and behavioral science. (Alwin, 2012) The life course theory is used in the social sciences to help understand human development. The life course theory explains the change that has a consequence or impact on a person's life. Therefore, the events of a person life changes influence a person's trajectory, with an overall life path that involves multiple transitions. (Bohm & Vogel, 2011) People, in my opinion, go through stages in their life that may have a more significant impact on their behaviors such as death, depression, drug use, alcohol use, homelessness, poverty, unemployment, and stress, etc....
Words: 359 - Pages: 2
...PCB 3053 : CAREER COUNSELING Course Leader: Ms Sabariah Siron COURSE NOTES TOPIC 3: SUPER’S LIFE-SPAN, LIFE-SPACE THEORY 1.0 INTRODUCTION • People differ in their abilities and personalities, needs, values, interest, traits and self-concept. • People are qualified, by virtue of these characteristics, each for a number of occupations. • Each occupations requires a characteristic pattern of abilities and personality traits- with tolerences wide enough to allow both some variety of occupations for each individual and some variety of individuals in each occupation. • Vocational preferences and competencies, the situations in which people live and work, and, hence their self-concept change with time and experience, although self-concepts, as product of sosial learning, are increasingly stable from late adolescence untul late maturity providing some continuity in choice and adjustment. • This process of change may be summed up in a series of life stages characterized as a sequence of growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance, and decline, and these stages may in turn be subdivided into (a) the fantasy, tentative, and realisatisic phases of the exploratory stage and (b) the trial and stable phases of the establishment stage. A small cycle takes place in transitions from one stage to the next or each time an individual is destabilized by a reduction in force, change in type or personnel needs, illness or injury, or other socioeconomic...
Words: 718 - Pages: 3
...Donald Super Developmental self-concept Donald Super’s career model is based on the belief that self-concept changes over time and develops as a result of experience. [pic] One of Donald Super’s greatest contributions to career development has been his emphasis on the importance of the development of self-concept. According to Super, self-concept changes over time and develops as a result of experience. As such, career development is lifelong. Super’s five life and career development stages Super developed the theories and work of colleague Eli Ginzberg. Super felt that Ginzberg’s work had weaknesses, which he wanted to address. Super extended Ginzberg’s work on life and career development stages from three to five, and included different sub-stages. |Stage 1: Growth |Age 0–14 |Characteristics: Development of self-concept, attitudes, needs and general world | | | |of work | |Stage 2: Exploration |Age 15–24 |Characteristics: “Trying out” through classes, work experience, hobbies. Tentative| | | |choice and skill development | |Stage 3: Establishment |Age 25–44 |Characteristics: Entry-level skill building and stabilisation through work | | ...
Words: 403 - Pages: 2
...The educational series, The Examined Life, tells us about three theories that can be used in analyzing ethical dilemmas. Kantian theory will support Truman’s decision, as he seems to have good intentions as an American President, and those intentions are what is considered most important. If using a utilitarian approach, which looks purely at the consequences of a decision to determine if a decision is ethical, it can go either way. The consequences were disastrous in death tolls, however, both the United States and Japan rank among the top of the list in Human Development Index (Human Development Report 2014). The third theory of virtue ethics, would suggest that Truman’s decision was not ethical, as it undermines our values that we treasure, such as human compassion. These can all be applied and defended, but we must use a combination of them all to come to a proper conclusion of this emotionally and politically significant fragment of world...
Words: 667 - Pages: 3
...A Summary of the Three (3) Current Competing Theories of the Origin of Life on Earth: It Arrived from an Extraterrestrial Source; It Originated as a Heterotroph; It Originated as an Autotroph. Summary of the three (3) current competing theories of the origin of life on Earth: It arrived from an extraterrestrial source; it originated as a heterotroph; it originated as an autotroph. Scientists to this day do not know how life came about on Earth. Yet, they continue to stuerwtdy many kinds of evidence and continue their research. At present there are three competing theories one how life on Earth came about. Life arrived here from an extraterrestrial source. Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius popularized the idea of panspermia in the early nineties; the concept that life arose outside the Earth and that living things were transported to Earth to seed the planet with life. According to this passage, his theory does not explain how life arose originally, even though it had little scientific support at that time. His theory has been revived and modified after gaining new evidence from the examinations of meteorites and space explorations. Organic molecules are found in many meteorites, and this suggests that life may have existed elsewhere in the solar system. An analysis of a meteorite found in Antarctica in 1996 suggested that from its chemical make up, it was a portion of Mars, also the presence of complex organic molecules and small globules resembles those found on earth....
Words: 687 - Pages: 3
...The Secret Life of Bees The movie, The Secret Life of Bees, takes place in the summer of 1964 in Sylvan, South Carolina. This movie was not my first pick for the course paper, but it came on TV one night recently and I decided to watch it. This was a really good film and it showed how racism plagued our country not so long ago. Conflict Theory, originally the brainchild of Karl Marx, is the theoretical perspective that best fits this movie (Brym and Lie, 11). Racism, prejudice, and discrimination are the main focus of this movie while also telling the story of a young teenage girl named Lily (The Secret Life of Bees). Lily doesn’t see in colors or race, but sees only in the love, character, and value of a person. Lily, a young white girl,...
Words: 973 - Pages: 4
...Genetic diversity is always changing both across space and through time. Typically, the amount and type of genetic diversity within a species vary across its natural range. Additionally, its genetic diversity changes over time. At least in the long-term, and sometimes even over shorter time frames such as a few generations of the species. These natural changes in the genetic diversity of a species create a dynamic landscape upon which any influences that we exert are superimposed. To better understand our impacts, and to decide if management actions are warranted, it is useful to understand the natural dynamics of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is affected by several ongoing natural processes. These processes are: mutation, migration, genetic drift, and selection. Mutation is the origin of all new genetic diversity, occurring when there are occasional errors in the replication of DNA or other elements of the production and packaging of genetic information within the cells. Although implies something negative, mutations can have positive, neutral, or deleterious impacts Mutations occur rather slowly but continuously. Mutations at one level, for example, in the nucleotides that are the basis of DNA, May not all is expressed at other levels — such as protein differences or observable changes in the appearance of a plant. The rate of mutation is useful in determining evolutionary relationships. Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful for the organism, but mutations...
Words: 848 - Pages: 4
...Discrete Structure To be submitted to: Mr. Roger Intong Faculty BITE DEPARTMENT CATHERINE PIANO BSIT2 DESIGN * ------------------------------------------------- Device type: * Tablet * ------------------------------------------------- OS: * Windows (8) * ------------------------------------------------- Dimensions: * 11.97 x 7.46 x 0.39 inches (304 x 189.4 x 9.9 mm) * Weight: * 26.46 oz (750 g) the average is 17.4 oz (496 g) DISPLAY * ------------------------------------------------- Physical size: * 11.6 inches * ------------------------------------------------- Resolution: * 1366 x 768 pixels * ------------------------------------------------- Pixel density: * 135 ppi * ------------------------------------------------- Technology: * LCD * ------------------------------------------------- Colors: * 16 777 216 * ------------------------------------------------- Touchscreen: * Multi-touch * Features: * Light sensor MULTIMEDIA * ------------------------------------------------- Music player: * Filter by: * Album, Artist * Features: * Album art cover, Background playback * Speakers: * Stereo speakers TECHNOLOGY * Data: * LTE, HSPA (unspecified) OTHER FEATURES * ------------------------------------------------- Sensors: * Accelerometer * Voice recording ...
Words: 1802 - Pages: 8
...Hedonism and the desire-satisfaction theory Name Institution Introduction Hedonism and the desire-satisfaction theory of welfare are typically seen as archrivals in the contest over identifying what makes one’s life better. It is surprising, then, that the most plausible form of hedonism is desire satisfactionism. The hedonism theory focuses on pleasure/happiness while the desire-satisfaction theory elucidates the relevance of fulfilling our desires. Pleasure, in some points of view is the subjective satisfaction of desire. I will explain the similarities and the differences between the desire-satisfaction theory of value and hedonism. I will also discuss the most successful theory and defend my argument by explaining how the theory avoids the objections raised against it. Similarities between the desire-satisfaction theory of value and hedonism Both the desire satisfaction theory and the hedonism theory suggest that our subjective states are the major determinants of the measure of a good life. The subjective states in this case include happiness or pleasure and our desires. Our pleasures are determined by the desire satisfaction theory while happiness is achieved through the hedonism theory. Both theories are dependent on positive values which are the sole intrinsic causes of good life. Differences between the desire-satisfaction theory of value and hedonism The hedonism theory is a deeply important theory of the good. According to hedonism theory, happiness or pleasure is the only...
Words: 868 - Pages: 4
...Explain and defend your preferred theory of happiness In this paper I am going to explain and defend my preferred theories of happiness. I will defend the externalist versions, which are the externalist life satisfaction theory and the externalist desire fulfilment theory. In the first section I will describe the theories. In the second section I will argue that neither affective nor objective theories of happiness are correct. Finally in the third section I will argue that the externalist satisfaction theory is the best version of a desire-based theory of happiness. I will not mention all of the theories, but rather focus on the ones I find the most interesting. Happiness is constituted by desire-fulfilment. It is not only about single desires to be fulfilled, but also about the life-satisfaction as a whole. It is how your life is going on the whole, and how it is satisfying to you. It is not enough only to believe that your life is satisfying, but you must actually be satisfied. We set our own standards for ourselves, which leads to desires that we want to be fulfilled. I believe that Richard Nozick was right to say that a life and self that happiness is a fitting response to, is what we want. We also need to give our life that response. We must correctly believe that out desires are being fulfilled and that this will measure up to our own standards that we set for ourselves. It is not sufficient to be in a psychological state, because the externalists care about more...
Words: 2195 - Pages: 9
...Personality Theory Analysis: Dispositional and Existential Theories Personality Theory Analysis: Dispositional and Existential Theories Introduction The human temperament may be a complicated and complex aspect of human development and evolution. It’s the part of us that makes us who we are. Since the very start, people at large have been making an attempt to grasp each other, and it is with theoretical rationalization that we come virtually close to doing this. Personality theories, overall, are tries created by psychologists and philosophers throughout time to put understanding into something so superficially non-understandable as the huge expanse of the human temperament. Philosophers like Socrates and Aristotle presented this particular question “Who are we?” ; psychoanalyst Freud, Skinner, and Pavlov continued the seek the answers; and many more have additional their takes on- What is so unique about the human mind – what influences the event of the human personality? Here we are going to discuss Dispositional Personality Theories and Existential Personality Theories; we will also discuss their differences and similarities, and their views on situational behavior, temperament features, and social relationships. Existential temperament Theories After the war Angst, came the birth of Existential theory, with a loss of assurance reason and progress (Wyatt, 2010). This led to a craving to come back to reliance on the “inner self”; as a result of after all the sole...
Words: 1738 - Pages: 7
...Examining Theory Criminology CJS/231 June 27, 2016 Examining Theory Within this essay I will talk about social structure theory related to the video of Pelican Bay State Prison: War Zone. Social structure theory is a theory that a person’s place in the socioeconomic structure influences their chances of becoming a criminal. Social structure theories “These theories look at the formal and informal economic and social arrangements (or structure) of society as the root causes of crime and deviance” (University of Phoenix, 2016, para.). There are three major principles of sociological theories they are: Social disorganization, strain theory, culture conflict theory. Social disorganization “(which depicts social change, social conflict, and lack of social consensus as the root causes of crime and deviance) is closely associated with the ecological school of criminology” (University of Phoenix, 2016, para.). Strain theory is “which depicts delinquency as a form of adaptive problem-solving behavior committed in response to problems involving frustrating and undesirable social environments” (University of Phoenix, 2016, para.). Cultural conflict theory is “which suggests that the root cause of criminality can be found in a clash of values between differently socialized groups over what is acceptable or proper behavior.” (University of Phoenix, 2016, para.). Within this essay I will examine the structure that influences the prisoners to commit more crime within the prison...
Words: 1734 - Pages: 7
...Carrie Campbell Soc. 277 November 1, 2012 Applying Theories and Concepts There are many theories throughout sociology and criminology that explain deviance and why individuals involve themselves in deviant activities and become deviant. In this particular case study there a many theories that an individual could apply to Kevin and his deviant behavior, but the three theories that I view as the best to explain Kevin’s deviance and behavior that was studied. The three theories that apply best to Kevin’s particular aspects of deviance are Social Bond Theory, Social Learning Theory, and Reaction Formation Theory. Social Bond Theory is a theory that states that if an individual has strong relationships and or bonds , and values, then they will not involve themselves in deviant behavior whether they have deviant friends or not. The theory also says that if the individuals lack these values and or strong relationships, then they fall back on peers in search of those bonds whether they are negative or positive ones. In relationship to Kevin, this theory plays a role in his deviant behaviors because of his relationship with his family and then his involvement in deviant behaviors with his peers. Kevin’s parents were divorced and his mother eventually remarried when he was in the seventh grade. His relationship with his step-father was negative relationships which often lead to arguments and or confrontations between Kevin and his stepfather and Kevin’s mother and step-father...
Words: 1924 - Pages: 8
...Grace Moore Psychodynamic Theories Brochure PSY / 405 Theories of Personality Robert Irizarry 09/21/2015 There have been many theories over time. All of them consists of their strong points as well as there week points in the way of explaining individual’s behavior. This brochure will show the way psychodynamic theories affects personality and behavior, also how it apply to strength an limitation. Theorists such as Freud, Jung, Adler, Fromm, Erickson, Sullivan, Klein and Horney. All of them have a different personalities, and experiences in life that manifested in their psychodynamic theories. All theories are a reflection of their author’s personal background, childhood experiences, and philosophy of life, the way that they looked at the world (2013). What is Personality? Personality is a patterned body of habits, traits, attitude and ideas. Of an induvial as these are organized externally into roles and statuses and they relate internally to motivation, goals, and various aspects of selfhood. Freud’s Theory According to Freud, The personality has three sections the ID, the ego, and the super ego. All three of them has a connection that enable then to work together...
Words: 915 - Pages: 4
