Title: Bunsen, Fisher Burners and Working with Glass tubes

Objective: To learn the proper usage of Bunsen and Fisher Burners; to also learn to work with glass tubes

Procedure: * Proper way to light and use Bunsen and Fisher Burners was demonstrated * Make sure that the burners are properly connected to the gas source * Use the gas valve to control the flames * Use the collar to control the amount of air * Proper way to cut a glass tube was demonstrated * Use a filer to make a mark where you want to cut the glass * Put your fingers close to the mark and bend with little force to break * Proper way to fire polish a glass tube was demonstrated * Make sure the tube is held an angle * Let it cool * Proper way to bend a glass tube * Hold the tube in the flame until it softens * Bend the tube as desire and let cool * Proper way to draw a glass tube * Hold the tube in the flame until it softens * Pull the tube at each ends in opposite directions and let cool

Observations: * The hottest part of the flame is usually closer to the top of the flame. The lower part of the flame is usually cooler, not as hot. * The fisher burner is mainly to heat a larger object / areas * When the glass tube is hot, it looks like it is cold, cloudy

Questions:
1. The two Burners shown are Fisher Burner and Bunsen Burner
2. How is the amount of gas entering the burners controlled? Gas valve on the bottom that controls the amount of gas entering the burner.
3. In the Bunsen burner, give an accurate description of the location of the hottest part of the flame. The hottest region of the flame can be tested with a platinum wire. The hottest area when tested with the wire is the where the flame is orange. Which is about half a centimeter above the mouth of the burner.
4. What is the color of the flame when the air vents (collar) are closed and no air is entering the burner? Light blue
5. Describe the appearance of the flame when the air vents are opened. When the air vents are opened the flames changes to two different colors. It is a violet color on the outside and the inside is a light blue color.
6. What apparatus is used in this demo to test how hot the flame is? Platinum wire
7. In this demo, how do you know whether the region of the flame tested is hot or relatively cold? Describe exactly what is seen. The hottest part of the flame changes to an orange color when tested but as it moves down, the orange color disappears which indicates that as you go down, the flame is not as hot, it is relatively cold.
8. How is the collar of the Fisher burner different from that of the Bunsen burner? The collar of the Fisher burner has a wider opening to allow more air in.
9. How is the flame in the Fisher burner different from that in the Bunsen burner? The flame of the Fisher burner is wider to allow to heat up a wider area as oppose to a much narrower flame in the Bunsen burner
10. How is the top of the Fisher Burner different from the top of the Bunsen burner? The top of a Fisher burner has a broader top to heat a larger area.
11. How is the height of the flame in the two Burners adjusted? Using the gas needle valve at the bottom of the burner
12. Write a complete and accurate procedure for cutting a glass tube. Use a filer to make a scratch on the glass tube, then place fingers very close to the scratch and bend the glass so it snaps/breaks.
13. Write a complete and accurate procedure for bending a glass tube. Rotate the tube in the flame until it softens then bend it to the desired angel and let it cool.
14. Write a complete and accurate procedure for fire polishing a glass tube. Hold the tube at a downward angle in the flame so that any hot glass that melts flows down to the end of the tube and smooth out the tube. When the glass tube cools, run your fingers over it to make sure it is smooth.
15. Write a complete and accurate procedure for drawing a glass tube. Rotate the glass tube in the flame until it softens, then pull in opposite directions so it draws and then let it cool.
16. After bending a glass tubing, where is the tube set while letting it cool to room temperature? Hold it for a few seconds then set it aside on the counter
17. When cutting a glass tube, what is the most important safety factor to be aware of? Keep fingers close to the scratch and snap it without much force.
18. When bending a glass tube what is the most important safety factor to be aware of? Make sure that the tube is soft before attempting to bend it.
19. Why is glass tubing fire polished after it is freshly cut? So that when you use it in
20. What causes the flame in a Bunsen burner to be yellow and smoky? The Bunsen burner may not have enough air or could be dirty

Conclusion: The objective was achieved, the lab showed the proper way to operate a Bunsen and a Fisher burner as well as how to cut, fire polish, bend and draw a glass tube