...DDBA-8005 Handout What is Scholarly Writing? If you are just beginning your graduate studies, much of the next few years of your life will be devoted to scholarly writing. You will be reading, discussing, and producing scholarly writing. You will get feedback from peers, instructors, and the Writing Center staff about how to adapt to the expectations of scholarly writing. You hear about it so much, in fact, that you may hesitate to ask the basic question: "What is scholarly writing?" Scholarly writing is a type of writing rather than a level of writing (there is no hierarchy in writing genres). Scholarly writing is not any better than journalism, fiction, or poetry; it is just a different category. As with any type of writing, scholarly writing has traditions and expectations that you know about only if you read or write in that style. Because most of us do not use scholarly writing in our daily practice, it can feel unfamiliar and intimidating, but it is a skill that can be learned. The more you are immersed in it, the more you will get a feeling for its hallmarks. Here are a few of the most common characteristics of scholarly writing: • The wording in scholarly writing is specialized, requiring previous knowledge on the part of the reader. You will not be able to pick up a scholarly journal in another field and easily understand its contents (although you should be able to follow the writing itself). Scholarly authors assume that their audience is familiar...
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...Contents 2. Preparing 2 2.1Your lecture 2 2.2When you 2 3. Writing 3 4. Strategy 4 5.Referencing guidelines 4 5.1 What is detailed 4 Figure 1 3 Figure 2 4 Figure 3 5 (Bazar, 2008) Assignment writing guidelines 1. Introduction 2. Preparing 3. Writing 4. Strategy 5. Referencing guidelines 1. Introduction 2. Preparing 2.1Your lecture notes will give you the basic framework ONLY of the ideas, theories and concepts you will need to complete the assignment. These notes will therefore NOT be sufficient on their own. You will need to make use of the required reading, extra references and any other material you come across in the course of researching your assignment. 2.2When you are taking notes for your assignment, try and `translate' what the author is saying into your own words. Don't just copy out huge chunks from other people’s work, otherwise they will probably end up in your assignment with very little of the wording changed (which is plagiarism). Also try to think about what is being said from your own point of view - do you agree or disagree with the points that the author is making? 2.3 Take down basic points from as many sources as you can manage and compare what the authors are saying as you are reading. There will be both similarities and differences in their views and it helps if you can begin to classify authors together. 2.4 Try and only take down relevant points - authors don't (unfortunately!) write...
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...students indicated that their college or university included gender identity or expression in its non-discrimination policy (McKinney). Transgender individuals are treated unfairly on college and university campuses. Most campuses have ways for the lesbian and gay students to feel safe but schools are often forgetting the 'T' in LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Questioning). The value of this issue is that is affecting more people than ever before. Twenty years ago most people didn't think that transgender was a thing you could be or it was misinterpreted into a bad thing. Now that people understand it and they feel comfortable as identifying under that umbrella, they should be able to express themselves in a place where they pay a lot of money to attend. Earlier this year the Huffington Post did a live video interview with four college students that identified as transgender. Jay Fondin a sophomore at George Washington University said “It's a very difficult environment to navigate because I find myself having to explain a lot of what trans is on daily and weekly interactions to live comfortably on campus. Like I said, it's not unfriendly but it's difficult because no one knows anything”. Susan Marine, an assistant professor at Merrimack College, analyzes why transgender students are often forgotten on college and university campuses. “Because they were developed at a time when researchers' understanding of gender transition was not adequate, traditional student development...
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...Imagine standing on trial and you are being tried for murder. However, it was in self defense and you are not able to defend yourself because you are an African American enslaved woman and the court does not look at you as an actual person. This was the situation in Melton A. McLaurin's non-fictional book, Celia A Slave an African American slave, Celia, is being tried in court for killing her master, Robert Newsom. In McLaurin's book, Celia A Slave, two major frameworks are race and gender. These frameworks are also found in today's society. Race. A word constructed by the minds of men to differentiate themselves from others of different color or background. Celia, being an African American enslaved woman, was subject to much racism for her...
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...Surroundings of a community can have a positive or negative effect on that person. In “I am a Rock” by Paul Simon, the speaker is lonely and anguished. “I build walls, a fortress deep and mighty that none may penetrate.” He is isolating himself away from, as well as protecting himself so he does not get hurt again (9-11). Another quote “I am shielded in my armor, hiding in my room, safe within my tomb.” The surroundings of his community has caused him to suffer in silence. This quote shows that community is not always perfect because the world can be cruel sometimes. In one of the videos of Ted Talks, Ivan Coyote states that she and trans-gender people are harassed by many other people due to the fact they are trans-gender. Ivan Coyote shares a story of her friend’s daughter, that she peed herself when she couldn’t use the bathroom because she was trans-gender. This just shows that surroundings of our community can hurts...
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...Transgender Rights I have been drawn to the moral and social issue of transgender rights from suicides like Leelah Acorn to the outing of celebrity Bruce Jenner, the awareness has raised a dream of equallity for the gender as any other, including being a female or male as desired and getting treated as one (such as bathrooms, marriege, adoptions, etc.). According to research, only 22 states have taken action for the transgender citizens of America by passing LGBT laws. These states even have health care options for treatments for those feeling they know they aren't meant to be the sex they were born and stamped to. Therefore, the health care offers hormone pills for those in need, and certain procedures for conversion. Although LGBT laws are passed in 22 states only 15 have states have placed laws for harrassment or any kind of discrimination in public and 19 states consisting of school safe laws, allowing transgender children to enter shool as the sex they truly feel. I propose seeking more support by government by allowing a trial of some sort to pass federal laws in favor to the transgender community, and raising community awareness with events and websites, all for the beautiful transgender people of america. I will be interviewing Bruce Jenner if things go through and ask him thoroughly about the life of a person who has to be hidden from society due to the brutality of people and those in unsupport of transgender men and women in America. If not, I will survey people...
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...the world. The Institute of Medicines report in 2011 states, “lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals have unique health experiences, but as a nation, we do not know exactly what these experiences and needs are ("LGBT health report," 2011, p. 4).For this reason their needs and health care inequities and inequalities should be addressed. The health promotion goal of the LGBT community is to “improve the health, safety, and well-being of lesbian, gay, and transgender individuals” ("," 2014). To understand the current health status of the LGBT community, one must understand some basic definitions. 1. Gender identity-A person’s basic sense of being male or female. 2. Gender expression- Manifestations that are defined as masculine or feminine. 3. Gender role conformity- The extent to which an expression conforms to cultural norms. 4. Gender dysphoria- The discomfort one has with the sex that one had at birth. There are many factors that affect the health status of this very diverse group. Among them are greater economic disadvantages. The Williams Institute reports that those identifying as LGBT have higher rates of poverty than heterosexual...
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...Please answer FIVE (5) of the following questions. Please type your answer directly underneath the question. Be sure to answer ALL parts of the question. Each question is worth 20 points. You may use your book, notes, and PowerPoints. You may NOT work together. All exams are due Monday, March 4th by 5 pm. We will NOT have class that night. 1. Discuss the history of sex over the past 400 years. Have people always been uptight about sexual activity? What took place that changed attitudes regarding sexuality? Discuss devices used in Medieval times to prevent sexual activity. Do you think that suck devices could be used today? 2. Which method do sexuality researchers most often use to collect data? Name three (3) benefits and three (3) issues with this method of data collection. If you were a sexuality researcher, and you did not want to use the previously mentioned method, which would you use? What are the two (2) benefits and (2) issues with using your technique? **The most common methods used are surveys. Benefits of surveys are that they are less expensive than interviews, they are more convenient in a way that it makes people feel more relaxed, it reinforces anonymity, and you can do them on your own time, whenever you please. Some issues this method has are that self-report data can cause difficulties in recalling past events, embellishment, and not an accurate return rate. If I did not use surveys as a method, I would probably chose case studies. Benefits...
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...will focus on the socialization of gender roles and the expectations which constitute gender roles, including methods and agents of socialization, as well as some of the effects it has on certain individuals. By being conscious of these details, one will be better equipped to understand societal expectations, and be versed to make informed decisions of how to rear your children, especially if your child or children self-identify as being homosexual because the socialization of gender roles in the United States causes confusion amongst or conflict within homosexuals as a result of gender role expectations and the gender roles they assume and find to be natural. Defining Gender To begin with, gender is defined as a social structure that is culturally or socially engineered and was devised in the early hunter-gatherer age (Connell). It emphasizes the distinctions between “females and males found in the meanings, beliefs, and practices associated with ‘femininity’ and ‘masculinity’” (Kendall 2012). Informally, says the World English Dictionary, “it is the state of being male, female, or neuter” or “any of the categories, such as masculine, feminine, neuter, or common, within such a set.” Gender Roles More importantly, a gender role “refers to the attitudes, behavior, and activities that are socially defined as appropriate for each sex and are learned through the socialization process” (Kendall 2012). A sample of several expected gender roles, for males, would include being...
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...When I think of America’s gift to my generation the first thing I think of is the lgbt+ rights that have been gained for the past few years. The lgbt+ community may be a very touchy subject to some people seeing as some people are homophobic and did not want these rights to be gained for them. I am a person who supports people in the lgbt+ community seeing as I have friends and family in the lgbt+ community. From the 1900s to now people have made a big change in how the world sees people in the lgbt+ community. In 1913 an author started using lgbt+ openly in literature. In 1920 Harvard started looking for homosexul acts in their school and they expeled several students because of their investigating. In 1927 the New York Assembly bans the...
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...CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW ON HOTEL INDUSTRY This chapter outlines the concept of hotel industry. It presents the overview of hotel industry, its history and it also discusses about the growth and trend of the hotel industry nowadays. When most of the tourists plan their trips, one of first steps is to look for the hotel and book the room at or near the place where they want to visit. These days, hotel is not as simple as the building; it becomes an industry that employs many people, especially the female. 1.1 What is hotel industry? Food, accommodation and dress are the three most essential things of human. Hotel or hotel industry alone provides two basic things: food and accommodation. So, what is hotel or hotel industry? Hotel is a part of the hospitality industry which is an umbrella term for a broad variety of service industries including, but not limited to, hotels, restaurants and casinos. Hotel is often referred as a “Home away from home”. If we consider meaning of hotel in the dictionary, a hotel is a building where you pay to have a room to sleep in and where you can eat meals (Cambridge dictionary) or a hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis (Wikipedia) According to A.M. Sheela, the author of the book “Economics of Hotel Management”, hotel is the place where the tourist stops being the traveler and become a guest. Hotel usually offer a full range of accommodations and services, which may includes suites, public dinning, banquet...
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...Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children D’Aundrea Williams Word Count: 1732 Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children Regardless of who you are, no individual is perfect. Just as a normal child you suffer from enough through experiences of your environment and the people you interact with. Now imagine living life with an anxiety disorder and your everyday hardships. Disorders make life much harder, and finding ways to cope are even harder. Scientists have done studies to show that not only does the child’s school environment affect their level of anxiety but so does the parent to child relationship. Is it up to the child figuring their own mechanisms or should their parents be more involved? Introduction A group of scientists wanted to focus on the parent’s latency control and reinforcement of a child’s anxious behavior. Research has shown that parents encourage avoidance in anxious situations and that parents and children together shapes ways to reinforce a child’s anxiety. (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Gathered information from other studies has shown that when parents express their fears and show anxious behavior, children will also express those same emotions. Parents dealing with anxious children are more likely to expect their children to be avoidant, to have poor coping abilities, and less likely to succeed (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Although this is...
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...of multicultural families in regards to race, ethnicity, socioeconomic, gender and sexual orientation. This paper will also highlight same or different minority or cultural backgrounds, identity and biases involving multicultural families. How multicultural families incorporate their beliefs, cultures and values into a family unit as well as the transformation of acculturation. Challenges involving racial identity, ethnicity; where do people with different cultures fit in and make it work; the population of multicultural families has risen and continue to do so. Socioeconomic status in multicultural families varies from household income, occupation, education level, and upper, and middle or lower class standard of living. Certain barriers may contribute to multicultural families such as language, behavioral, health and mental stress, depression, roles of husbands and wives, gender, sexual orientation; family values are very important in interracial families, are the collaborations among families discussed to blend values from each culture. This paper will portray the dynamics of multicultural families. Keywords: multicultural, families, race, ethnicity, acculturation, mental stress, and values. Multicultural Families Multicultural is an integration of different cultures identities belonging to vary subgroups from diverse countries and or cultures, which stem from race, ethnicity, socioeconomic, gender language and sexual orientation. The United States has changed tremendously...
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...some acts. They excluded the chinese from entering into the U.S after that when the Japanese population started to increase they implanted a “Gentlemen's Agreement” which would make japan stop sending their people to U.S voluntarily. U.S created two Immigration post to stop any suspicious immigrants entering into U.S, One in Ellis Island and other one is at Hawaii. 8) By the late 19th century labors were losing powers, too many competition, low wages, and long hours led the great railroad strike in which many labors lost their lives. To unify with others they seen common interest in the Knights Labour. The knight labor accepted all kinds of labors including teachers, Railroad workers, miners, housewifes, and everyone from different race, gender and color in their union to accomplish equal pay for women workers, incom tax, ownership of railroads, and abolition of children labor. At 1990 AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR (AFL) started gathering all skilled workers such as the mechanic and engineers and those with most bargaining power to striker and gain immidiate objective such as higher wages and better working condition, and this is why the Knights of Labor lost labors to AFL. 9) During the time of progressivism a new political party known as the Populist, or the People’s, Party came to be. Not only was it supported by farmers, but it was also supported by workers in urban areas. The Party pushed for economic reform by advocating for the increase of wages for the workers in these...
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...Bigfoot, how much do you think you're worth?" "Dad!" Mabel yelled. "You're no better." "Do you play video games?" Soos asked Bigfoot. "I used to." Bigfoot replied with a melancholy sigh. "They banned me from PlayEnd, though. I went to pick up my copy of Superb Oarim Solar System, destroyed just a wee bit of merchandise on accident, and the manager was all like 'wah wah, you need to leave'." Soos and Mabel chuckled, while Dipper was concerned that Bigfoot might be underestimating just how destructive his events were. "Enough diddy-daddling!" Mabel suddenly yelled, grabbing Bigfoot's hand and locking it with hers. "You're my new bro, bro! Or sis. Wait, do you have a gender?" "I'm a ma..." Bigfoot began, before thinking again. "You know, come to think of it, I'm not entirely sure." "You're my new gender-neutral sibling!" Mabel exclaimed, hugging Bigfoot. "We've got a lot of sibling bonding to catch up...
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