...himself justifying act of violence, Heaney’s thinking about peace, war with its affect to modern word and remembering the past. Heaney associated manually driven turnip-crushing machine with these three themes perfectly in The Tunip Snedder. Heaneay mainly use description, allution, sarcasm and contrastion to convey themes to readers. Following passage will focus on the themes of The Tunip Snedder and methods Heaney used to present main ideas. First Heaney uses descriptive languages to present his memory to the past. “In an age” refers to a bygone time, and words ”bare hands and cast iron” emphasis that at first work was done by people, not machine. The flowing stanza “the clamp-on meat-mincer, the double-flywheeled water-pump,” also points out the past and the machine use, and brings a little comparison of the past and now. These two stanzas are used to initiate the poem. It builds up a relatively melancholy and serious atmosphere to readers. To illustrate war’s affect to modern world, in the first place Heaney uses military words “breast-plate”, “guard” and “greaves” to relate the war to the function of snedder. In fact the Turnip-sneeder is a metaphor of military machine that can turn soldiers into meat-mincer. He says that “’This is the way that god sees life,’it said,’from seedling-braird to sneeder’”, which pointsone of the themes that like the function of sneeder, war’s function is to cut and to kill by cutting. Moreover, Heaney presents his self-justifying of violence...
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...or the Just War Theory is a military ethics doctrine derived from Episcopal philosophy of the Roman Catholic Church. As studied today, the Just War Theory is considered hugely informed by the Christian understanding of the justifications of wars of invasion. In ethicist literature as in moral theology and policy making, the Just War Theory is associated with the belief that conflicts can be justified under certain philosophical, political and religious criteria. This paradigm dates back to the times of Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman statesman, philosopher, lawyer, theorist and constitutionalist. The connection of the theory to medieval Christian theory and particularly, contemporary Catholicism is in the works of Thomas Aquinas and Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis (Gutman & Rieff, 2000). The former, also called Thomas of Aquin was an Italian Dominican priest, a theologian and a philosopher. The latter, also called St. Augustine, Blessed Augustine or Augustine of Hippo, was a onetime Bishop of Hippo Regius, a philosopher and theologian. This paper describes the tenets of the just war theory derived from the works of these philosophers and the utility of the theory within contemporary warfare. Specific focus is on the justification of the US invasion of Iraq and the consequences thereof. In the works of these three philosophers, the Just War Theory took a Christian connotation of the Roman Empire’s view of warfare. The Christian understanding of provocation to war and the ethics...
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...involvement in war on some occasions. The Just war theory deals with the justification of how and why wars are fought. The justification can be theoretical. The theoretical aspect is concerned with justifying war ethically. The role of ethics is used to examine whether war is justified and if so can the aspects be changed. The just war tradition also considers the thoughts of various philosophers through the ages and examine their philosophical visions of war’s ethical limits and whether their thoughts have contributed to the justification of war. The just war theory was firstly developed by Saint Augustine of Hippo. Looking back at the Bible he realised that although older generations sided with the more peaceful aspects of the Bible (New Testament) the aspects which included violence (Old Testament) could not be ignored. In Mathew 5 it Jesus said “blessed are the peacemakers” however he did not oppose those who crucified him. This links to how war can be justified because Jesus Gods only son did not punish those who purposely killed him without reason. So to punish those with to an extent have a valid reason could be seen as hypocritical. Augustine believed that justified wars were commanded by God in the bible and split his theory into two parts they are; jus ad bellum-just reasons for going to war, and jus in bello-just practice in war. This was then further developed by Aquinas. Jus ad bellum contains seven key points. If these points are met then war can be justified...
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...| MUHAMMAD NAZRI BIN MOHMUD HUSSIN | 1031189 | 1 | | | | | Just War Theory: An Introduction. Just war theory is an interesting idea which constitutes both elements of ethics and politics to form a theory that describe the ethical and political relationship between states and sovereignty. Just War theory can be describes as an attempt to reconcile war with morality. Its main objective was to give justification for a state to launch an attack towards another state provided they have a valid reason to do so. From this we can come to define just war theory as a theory that specifies conditions for judging if it is just to go to war, and conditions for how the war should be fought (BBC, 2014). Just War theory is often associated with Christianity as it was first developed through biblical teachings by Christian theologians, St Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas. Even though Just war theory started from biblical teaching it does not mean that Christianity endorses violence or war but instead the ultimate goal is peace. War can only serve as the last resort action to achieve peace. After Christianity become dominant in the Roman civilization, the demand for a theory to justify the act of war lead St. Augustine to propose the Just War theory that was driven from biblical teachings (Catholic Answer, n.d). This was later perfected by St. Thomas Aquinas to form the Just War Theory that we know today. In his...
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...As a matter of scholarship, civil wars lack the extensive breadth and volume of study that interstate conflict enjoys in international relations. This is especially surprising considering the remarkable longevity and death toll associated with intrastate wars. The Republic of Guatemala, a post-colonial representative democracy, is the most populous Central American country; incidentally, this nation of sixteen and a half million people have been wrought with the military and socio-political disputes provoked by the ethnic and socio-economic status of its citizens. The resulting civil war had been one of the most deadly and enduring military contests on the American continent. The fighting between the government and rebel groups lasted over...
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...to cope with life’s tragedies? Religion in some ways gives us the answers to the ‘why ‘questions for instance, like death. First of all I do understand what message he was trying to spread. I feel that message he was trying to send to us, was for us to imagine a place where things like religion and countries for instance did not exist. He felt this would make a better place for all of us to live in peace.”Imagine all the people Living life in people” (Lennon, “Imagine”) I can relate with this statement. I remember when this song came out in the early 70’s. Times were tough during those years; the Vietnam War was still going on so there probably was a bit of a political message being sent as well. Either way I think the true message he was to trying to bring was for the world to come together as one. This to me is a great message, but I don’t think realistically the wars would stop because there was no religion. We have far too many issues in the world to think that having with no religion and living as one country would solve all of our problems....
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...War and Capitalism violation of Human Rights Capitalism is a form of government that promotes globalization, in it thoughts is Support the Military Industrial Complex, this term is related with government, Economy, army and war; most of the people think that this ideal develop peace And make all the countries that are in way of development or just not develop Better, but no, none of the thing is how they tell, sell or advertise. There are so Many Cases that shows all the madness and contradictory purposes that Powerful Countries are doing just for their country profit and government Interest. One example of the advantage that some countries take in military army is the Human shield, in most of the cases they use child to carry out target purposes, They use civilians to avoid combats attacks; this is a clear representation of Violation of human rights, this technique was start to be used in the II world War, but nowadays is also used in some conflicts like in Afghanistan, Israel- Palestinian, Iran, Syrian, Libyan and other countries on war, they use children as A shield, these children are considering soldier children. There are a lot of Civilians dyeing in this conflicts because of the arms and weapons that the Military industrial complex provides, and this king of deal between countries is Costing human lives and most of them are children. Another issue related to this topic, is the ideal of capitalism...
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...“Competition is now a war of movement on which success depends on anticipation of market trends and quick response to changing customer needs....Therefore, the essence of strategy is not the structure of companies products and markets but the dynamics of it's behavior.” (Stalk, Evans and Schulman 1992, Harvard Business Review.) Explain this statement, using a company of your choice, in terms of what the above authors termed 'capability based competition', Use the 'capability based competition' concept to identify how the company of your choice can either maintain and grow their successfulness or become successful in the long term. The market place is an ever changing place. Companies have to be quick on their feet and innovative to maintain and keep up with the shifting market trends. They must be able to cater for customer needs, foresee and predict upcoming changes in customer wants and do all this in the long run rather than the short term. This is why it is important to put emphasis on the companies manners and conduct rather than the make-up of companies products and services. In essence that is what Stalk, Evans and Schulman are trying to convey when they say “Competition is now a war of movement on which success depends on anticipation of market trends and quick response to changing customer trends....Therefore, the essence of strategy is not the structure of companies products and markets but the dynamics of its behavior.” The distinctive competence of a firm refers...
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...Video games, amongst other forms of media, are being blamed for the violent actions of children and adolescence. “Movies and television entertain with realistic and bloody dramatizations of murders, beatings and tortures. Warlike video games have become a popular part of culture, and children routinely watch cartoons that depict violent events” (Earles, Alexander, & Johnson, 2002). The controversy and debate argues whether or not this claim is true. One side of the claim states that video games are genera lly harmless, a popular form of entertainment enjoyed by individuals of varied ages and origi ns. Regardless the popularity or the nature of the game, the individuals playing the game should understand that it is a fictitious scenario and should be treated as such. In addition, cens orship ratings have helped identify the appropriate audience for each individual game but as is the case with cigarettes and alcohol, it is not always adhered. Opposition claims state the cruel and bloody dramatizations have instilled images that have affected the minds of children. These effects have influence children to act violently often reenacting scenes and scenarios from certain video games. In addition, supplemental claims state that the lack of parental supervision and presence adds to the extremity of the violent acts. In terms of research analysis, quantitative statistics claims, “Youth violence results in considerable physical, emotional, social, and...
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...“Compare how Vera Brittain and JG Ballad present the theme of ‘WAR’ in Testament of youth and Empire of the Sun” Both the novel and the memoir are set during a war that disrupts the main characters life in a way that allows the reader to experience the raw brutality of war, whether that is physical or emotional. Testament of Youth (ToY) is set in WWI and Empire of the Sun (EotS) in WWII, the 27 year gap between the wars meant there were technological differences such as communication, aircraft and weapon advances. These factors highlight that the later war would have been more sophisticated in both ground and air defence/fighting techniques. This could possibly be why both characters envision the war differently, although there are other factors such as gender, geographical location and political positioning to consider. Ballad writes in a 3rd person emotionally detached manner whereas Brittain’s first person perspective allows us to empathise with her situation. The extracts I will be using to explore the way in which war affects the thoughts and feelings of each protagonist are page 30-33 from EotS where on the eve of pearl harbour Jim investigates Hungjao aerodrome and comes across an old fighter plane. This is when we see his fascination with warfare technology. I will compare it to pages 67-72, chapter 8, in ToY when Vera sees her future fiancé, Roland, receive his awards on speech day at her brothers school and both Roland and her brother are appropriately attired in...
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...I. Introduction: a. Opening Device- There are a few words that just don’t belong together such as Child Soldiers. Every child has the right to live a normal life, grow up an experience the things kids are supposed to, like, going to school, playing kick ball outside, enjoying the company of friends and developing in a normal way both physically and mentally. However, not all children get to have this simple luxury that many take for granted. Child Soldiers are a fast growing problem in third world countries and need to be stopped. It’s horrible to think that a child’s life can be devastated and ripped apart by a war that they had no part in starting, but they are forced to fight in combat anyway, causing life long lasting psychological and physical damage. b. Thesis: Worldwide, tens of thousands of children ranging from the young age 6-19 are recruited into government organizations and a variety or armed groups. These children are robbed of the chance to have a normal childhood but in exchange are exposed to horrendous hazards and are psychologically and physically scarred for life and suffer a tremendous amount abuse. c. Preview: In this speech I will explain what a Child Solider is, the normal development of a child and how the development of a child is impacted when they become a child solider. II. Body: d. Ethos- Citation 1: Web Site Ethos- Citation 1: Web Site What is a Child solider? According to child-soldiers.org, a child solider...
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...Cyber terrorism; however, its threat is as real as waging war but with weapons of automation. Terrorists have begun to exploit the availability of information with the malicious intent to sabotage; conversely, there are those who are not quite sure if information warfare - cyber terrorism is an actual threat. This research paper will briefly explore the history of cyber terrorism, the friend the internet has been to terrorist and how we can make the internet safer through vigilant tactics of prevention and deterrence. It will also expose the truth about cyber terrorism for the skeptic, reasons not to discount the threat, and why it is paramount their mind is changed. Information Warfare-Cyber Terrorism Did you know there were 18 cybercrime victims every second, 1058 every minute, approximately 64,000 per hour, and 1.5 million per day, that affected over 556 million people within the last year (Norton , 2012)? The internet has made it possible for terrorists to gather our public information and use it against us. As the internet matures so does the terrorist, finding ways to cripple and intimidate. The internet and terrorists have become a real hazard to the health of the cyber world. The government has implemented several organizations to help combat cyber terrorism but have not given it a clear concise definition. Skeptics believe the government is deceiving people about the validity of waging a cyber war. Terrorists have begun to exploit the availability of information...
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...War is a state of armed and often prolonged conflict carried on between states, nations, or parties[1][2] typified by extreme aggression, societal disruption, and high mortality.[1] As a behavior pattern, warlike tendencies are found in many primate species,[3] including humans, and also found in many ant species.[4][5][6] The set of techniques used by a group to carry out war is known as warfare. An absence of war is ususally called peace. War generally involves two or more organized groups or parties (often, nations). Such a conflict is always an attempt at altering either the psychological or material hierarchy of domination or equality between such groups. In all cases, at least one participant (group) in the conflict perceives the need to either psychologically or materially dominate the other participant. In all wars, the group(s) experiencing the need to dominate other group(s) are unable and unwilling to accept or permit the possibility of a relationship of fundamental equality to exist between the groups who have opted for group violence (war). The aspect of domination that is a precipitating factor in all wars, i.e. one group wishing to dominate another, is also often a precipitating factor in individual one-on-one violence outside of the context of war, i.e. one individual wishing to dominate another.[7] In 2003, Nobel Laureate Richard E. Smalley identified war as the sixth (of ten) biggest problems facing the society of mankind for the next fifty years.[8]...
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...various events on human psyche. 'The sniper', an extremely tightly written and gripping story, proves to be no exception to this. In this short story the author illustrates the havoc disaster and loss that warfare wrecks in human lives. Through the central figure of a sniper the author brings out the futility of violence and shows how it destroys the lives of those who unleash it themselves. The story is narrated from the third person limited point of view. In the long twilight of a summer day in Dublin when the moon beams were piercing through the fleecy clouds and casting a faint light, there was heavy firing around the besieged Four Courts. The two conflicting groups namely the Republicans and the Free Staters were indulging in a civil war in Ireland for establishing their supremacy over the city of Dublin. The Republican sniper, a crack shot with his gun, perched himself on the rooftop keeping a close vigil on the enemy hiding on the opposite roof. He had a rifle laid beside and a pair of binoculars slung over his shoulders. He had the thin and earnest face of a student, but his eyes were profound, thoughtful and fearless. His determination and dedication to his cause could be visible from the cold gleam in his eyes that characterised a fanatic. He was eating a sandwich greedily as he had not eaten anything since morning. He quenched his thirst by having a draught of whisky and in spite of being fully aware of the risk he could not resist the urge to have a puff of cigarette...
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...Love The Way You Lie On the first page of our story The future seemed so bright Then the saint turned out so evil I don't know why i'm still surprised Even angels have their wicked schemes And you take that to new extremes But you'll always be my hero Even though you've lost your mind Just gonna stand there and watch me burn Well that's alright because I like the way it hurts Just gonna stand there and hear me cry Well that's alright because I love the way you lie I love the way you lie I love the way you lie Now there's gravel in our voices Glasses shattered from the fight In this tug of war you always win Even when i'm right Cause you feed me fables from your head With violent words and empty threats And it's sick that all these battles are what keeps me satisfied Just gonna stand there and watch me burn Well that's alright because I like the way it hurts Just gonna stand there and hear me cry Well that's alright because I love the way you lie I love the way you lie I love the way you lie So maybe i'm a masochist I try to run but I don't wanna ever leave Til the walls are going up In smoke with all our memories Just gonna stand there and watch me burn Well that's alright because I like the way it hurts Just gonna stand there and hear me cry Well that's alright because I love the way you lie I love the way you lie I love the way you lie I love the way you...
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