...The Wallpaper To many critics, “The Yellow Wallpaper” is a story about a symbol. Wallpaper, a furnishing associated with domesticity, is used to represent the cultural pattern of male dominance and female submission that circumscribes the Narrator’s mental freedom. Just as the wallpaper with its imprisoning pattern literally surround the Narrator, the course of rest and quiet prescribed by her physician/husband comes to repress her body and mind. Though the Narrator’s body remains trapped – forced to creep – by the house and the wallpaper; her mind frees itself, first through her journal and then by succumbing to insanity and delusion. The irony that insanity was the thing which her physician/husband most sought to avoid only compounds the Narrator’s helplessness. For, as she observes several times in the story, her physician/husband has good intentions and is doing what he believes correct. This puts the Narrator in the position of appearing ungrateful, and thus deserving more treatment if she argues against it. The parallels between the wallpaper and the Narrator are clearly delineated. Outwardly the paper’s disgusting shade of yellow symbolizes the Narrator’s own “illness” – the depression borne of nervous anxiety as diagnosed by her physician/husband. The sickly yellow, however, supports the wallpaper’s chaotic and restrictive pattern just as the Narrator’s illness is fed by the restrictions placed upon her body and mind by the male-centric world she inhabits. Finally, the...
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...her. She begins to see herself having a long period of living for her self. She feels trapped by the societal defined gender role, which forces men and women to be answerable to one another in marriage. The setting of this play is Mrs. Mallard’s bedroom. She decides to separate herself from the others after the news to be able to understand her feelings and effectively express herself. She is described as the ideal wife with a calm face and a pleasant disposition. Despite this, she ironically found joy in her husband’s death. This can be described as her ability to fit into the society while secretly nursing the desire to be free of all societal expectations. Also, in the 1800’s when this story was written, women were seen in respect to their husbands. They were not accorded any form of individual identity. The tone of this story was sad and ironically happy. At the point when her happiness was as a result of the freedom that she would have at her husband’s death, the tone was happy. Her death was even sadder than the supposed death of her husband. She died for daring to hope for the freedom that was not true. This is why her death was described as one, which comes from the joy that kills. It is rather unfortunate, as the husband will have no idea of the real cause of her death. Like the first story, “the yellow wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gillman also describes the feeling of entrapment felt by...
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..."The Yellow Wallpaper" written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, was first published in 1892, and "The Story of an Hour" written by Kate Chopin, was written and first published under the title "The Dream of an Hour" in 1894. These two stories deal with the position of women in the late 1800’s. This era is especially interesting because women were still treated as second-class citizens. These two stories had a lot in common and shared a lot of the same views about life of women governed by the laws of men. Aside that both husbands, Mr. Mallard from "The Story of an Hour" and John from "The Yellow Wallpaper" are very similar as they both have a very strong hold and control over their wives, they also are very different such as John demonstrates his dominance by talking down to his wife. This is demonstrated by the following quote: "What is it, little girl?" he said. "Don't go walking about like that – you'll get cold" “(Gilman 63) but in “The Story of an Hour”, there is a different type of male dominance as Mr. Mallard did not allow her to fulfill her dreams and aspirations. Although both men have a strong control over their wives, both men deeply care for and love their wives. In “The Yellow Wallpaper” the narrator’s husband controlled her both mentally and physically. Her husband, “a physician of high standing” (Gilman 55), has diagnosed her as having a “temporary nervous depression – a slight hysterical tendency” (Gilman 55). He does not allow her to have any sort of mental or physical...
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...Comparing Short Stories: A Rose for Emily and The Yellow Wallpaper Both Emily from Faulkner's A Rose for Emily and the female narrator from Gilman's The Yellow Wallpaper experience extreme internal dramas. The women's internal conflicts cause both characters to lose sight of sanity and react in odd and different ways. These gothic tales both present ideas of women subornation, tradition, and the power of death. Nevertheless, they do so in different ways, and with very different stories. Both stories contain timely examples of women subornation with men overpowering and belittling their counterparts. In The Yellow Wallpaper, the narrator is a prisoner, and simply remains a second class citizen. Treated as a child, locked away in a room, her...
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...Fighting for Feminism With a Fetus: “Hills Like White Elephants” The empowerment and the continual push for equal status for women has become widely popular and successful in recent history. Women have stepped out of traditional roles of the housewife and mother to become the submissive doormat to more assertive natures. Many controversial issues surround women`s crusade of freedoms including the widely debated right to choose what they do with their body, referring to an abortion in “Hills Like White Elephants” and depression in “The Yellow Wallpaper”. Gender roles had an impact on the woman in the short story “Hills Like White Elephants”. The personal evolution of the female protagonist can be divided into four major steps, the first revolves around the typical submissive and passive behaviour expected of a women. Through the ordering of drinks this demonstrates the gender role of male dominance and female submissiveness. The controlling manner displayed by the male character through ordering drinks is a stepping stone into his relentless pushing for her to receive an abortion. His oppressive nature is not only reflected at the bar but more importantly he displays a chauvinistic attitude in regards to the abortion as he states, “it`s really an awfully simple operation, Jig. Its not really an operation at all”(476). She attempts to downplay the procedure and with the continual pushing she agrees to do the procedure stating, “I don’t care about me. And ill do it and then everything...
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...The Yellow Wallpaper The attitudes towards women’s mental and physical health in the 19thcentury vary greatly from today’s views on practicing medicine. During that time, there was prevalence for the oppression of women and the general treatment for mental illness was a popular method known as resting cures. The short story “The Yellow Wallpaper”, serves as a critique of this popular treatment as it is an account of an unnamed narrator who descends into madness when receiving this type of treatment for her illness. The author, Charlotte Gilman addresses themes of madness and insanity through the narrator’s collection of journal entries, which comprise the story. In the beginning of the story, the narrator is confined to bed rest in a rented house with her physician husband, John, who believes that total rest is in her best interest for her condition. Gilman’s disapproving views over rest cures and doctor/patient relationships are initially revealed through the narrator’s description of her husband. The narrator describes him as a man who “scoffs openly at any talk of things not to be felt and seen and put down in figure”(355) and refuses to see his wife’s illness as a true condition. Through the narrator’s description, Gilman begins to point out the flaws in medicine’s understanding of mental illness and its shortcomings in treatment. The narrator writes in her journal as a way of escape from the monotony and solidarity of her treatment. While she loves and trusts her husband...
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...Feminist allegory: “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman was published for the first time in 1892 and it is oftentimes referred as being a feminist, psychological or even a gothic story. From a feminist point of view, or women's liberation movement this story is taking into account the supposition that woman should have the same human, social and political rights as men, moreover, that they ought to have the same opportunities as men, and make their own decisions with respect to vocations, and legislative issues. In this story Gilman portrays a woman’s personal conflict with her unjust conditions. In the first place a feminist story is written by a woman, and it reveals...
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...The suppression of women by patriarchal values often has negative psychological effects on these women due to the inferiority attributed to them, resulting in an inability for them to control their lives and increasing the desire to command their lives. In the short story “The Yellow Wallpaper,” Charlotte Perkins Gilman displays patriarchal values through a manipulative husband and a mentally ill, submissive wife who recovers power over her life from her husband. Susan Glaspell also exposes these values throughout “A Jury of Her Peers.” Glaspell’s short story illustrates husbands suppressing intelligent women women being suppressed by their husbands resulting in these women who develop an increased desire to regain control over their own lives....
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...Marggiori Salas Professor Cordell Composition II 7/26/12 The Meaning Behind “The Yellow Wallpaper” Charlotte Perkins Gilmanʼs “The Yellow Wallpaper” is a story of a woman who is not only trapped in a room but is trapped in her mind by her seemingly loving and patient, husband John. He is a physician and believes his wife’s nervous condition is curable by isolating her in a room without any mental stimulation including: exercise, work, reading, writing or any kind of excitement. This was called a “rest cure” at the time the story was written. Gilman herself was treated in this way and the story is a fictional version of her own experience. Gilman removed herself from the treatment when she realized it was not working. The wife in this story secretly writes in a journal like Gilman regardless of what her husband might say. Gradually, she starts to write more and more about the yellow wallpaper since this is the only stimulating thing in the room. The wallpaper increasingly fascinates her until it seems to her to have a life of it’s own and she ends up losing her sanity. This story is an example of how a wife and mother was perceived in the turn of the century as a fragile, helpless creature, without a voice beyond her husbands and how this woman ultimately proves how ineffective this treatment is in the worst possible way. The narrator starts out saying the house her husband has rented is haunted,...
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...JAMES JOYCE -AN IRISH MODERNIST MODERN FICTION GROUP NUMBER 4 GROUP MEMBERS : HAFSA SHAHID R CONTENTS: Introduction to James Joyce Modernism and James Joyce A portrait of an Artist as aYoung Man Ulysses Themes and Style of Joyce's two Works a) Mythological Allusions b) Kunslerroman c)Stream of conciousness c)Focus on inner time rather than outer time d)Search for identity e)Treatment of religion f)Treatment of sexuality Conclusion James Joyce (from February 2, 1882 to January 13, 1941) was one of the most preeminent Irish authors of the 20th century. He is known for his literary innovation strictly focused narrative and indirect style. James Joyce matriculated from University College of Dublin in 1903. After moving to Paris, Joyce planned on studying medicine. The lectures were conducted in a technical French but Joyce’s education had not prepared him for it. Despite his mother’s attempts to get him to return to Catholic Church, Joyce remained unmoved even after her death. Joyce studied at Clongowes Wood College from 1888 until 1892. When the family’s financial state devolved, Joyce had to leave the school. After a brief time at Christian Brothers School, Joyce was enrolled at Belvedere College in 1893. In 1898, Joyce began studying Italian, English and French at University College Dublin. At this time, Joyce also began his entry into the artistic...
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...AP EUROPEAN HISTORY NOTES- Filled with silliness and inside jokes, enjoy at your leisure :) If something is in [] brackets, it is only written in there for our pleasure, ignore it if you are looking for actual information. Key: • 7: The Renaissance and Reformation- 1350-1600 UMSUniversal o Georgio Vasari- Rinascita=rebirth (like Renaissance) painter/architect Male Suffrage o Individualism: People sought to receive personal credit for achievements, unlike medieval ideal of “all glory goes to god” Names Ideas o Renaissance: Began in Italian city-states, a cause de invention of the printing press, laid way for Protestant Reformation Events Books/Texts Italy: City states, under HRE (Holy Roman Empire) o For alliances: old nobility vs. wealthy merchants FIGHT P-Prussia Popolo: third class, “the people”, wanted own share of wealth/power R-Russia A-Austria Ciompi Revolts: 1378 Florence, Popolo were revolting [eew], brief period of control over government B-Britain Milan taken over by signor (which is a tyrant) • o Under control of the Condottiero (mercenary) Sforza- Significant because after this, a few wealthy families dominated Venice (e.g. Medici) Humanism: Francesco Petrarch (Sonnets), came up with term “Dark Ages”, began to study classical world of rhetoric and literature Cicero: Important Roman, provided account of collapse of Roman Republic [like Edward Gibbon], invented Ciceronian style: Latin style of writing...
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...critical theory today critical theory today A Us e r - F r i e n d l y G u i d e S E C O N D E D I T I O N L O I S T Y S O N New York London Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Routledge Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10016 Routledge Taylor & Francis Group 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxon OX14 4RN © 2006 by Lois Tyson Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business Printed in the United States of America on acid‑free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number‑10: 0‑415‑97410‑0 (Softcover) 0‑415‑97409‑7 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number‑13: 978‑0‑415‑97410‑3 (Softcover) 978‑0‑415‑97409‑7 (Hardcover) No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Tyson, Lois, 1950‑ Critical theory today : a user‑friendly guide / Lois Tyson.‑‑ 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0‑415‑97409‑7 (hb) ‑‑ ISBN 0‑415‑97410‑0 (pb) 1. Criticism...
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...Vance Packard With an Introduction by Mark Crispin Miller PUBLISHING Brooklyn, New York Copyright © 1957, 1980 by Vance Packard Originally published by Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Introduction Copyright 2007© by Mark Crispin Miller All rights reserved. Printed in Canada Reissue Edition 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission of the publisher. Please direct inquiries to: Ig Publishing 178 Clinton Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11205 www.igpub.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Packard, Vance Oakley, 1914The hidden persuaders / Vance Packard ; [new] introduction by Mark Crispin Miller. p. cm. Originally published in 1957 by McKay and reissued in 1980 by Pocket Books with a new afterword. ISBN-13: 978-0-9788431-0-6 ISBN-10: 0-9788431-0-X 1. Advertising--Psychological aspects. 2. Consumers--Psychology. 3. Advertising, Political. 4. Propaganda. 5. Control (Psychology) I. Title. HF5822.P3 2007 659.101'9--dc22 2007027043 To Virginia CONTENTS Introduction by Mark Crispin Miller 1. The Depth Approach PERSUADING US AS CONSUMERS Z. The Trouble With People 3. So Ad Men become Depth Men 4. ....And The Hooks Are Lowered 5. Self-Images for Everybody 6. RX for Our Secret Distresses 1. Marketing Eight Hidden Needs 8. The Built-In Sexual Overtone 9. Back to the Breast, and Beyond 10. Babes In Consumerland 11. Class and Caste in the Salesroom 12. Selling Symbols...
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...PENGUIN CELEBRATIONS REGENERATION Pat Barker was born in 1943. Her books include the highly acclaimed Regeneration trilogy, comprising Regeneration (1991), which was made into a film of the same name, The Eye in the Door (1993), which won the Guardian Fiction Prize, and The Ghost Road (1995), which won the Booker Prize, as well as the more recent novels Another World, Border Crossing and Double Vision. She lives in Durham. PAT BARKER _________________ REGENERATION PENGUIN BOOKS PENGUIN CELEBRATIONS For David, and in loving memory of Dr John Hawkings (1922–1987) PENGUIN BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi – 110017, India Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, Rosedale, North Shore 0632, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL...
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...This page intentionally left blank The Study of Language This best-selling textbook provides an engaging and user-friendly introduction to the study of language. Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, Yule presents information in short, bite-sized sections, introducing the major concepts in language study – from how children learn language to why men and women speak differently, through all the key elements of language. This fourth edition has been revised and updated with twenty new sections, covering new accounts of language origins, the key properties of language, text messaging, kinship terms and more than twenty new word etymologies. To increase student engagement with the text, Yule has also included more than fifty new tasks, including thirty involving data analysis, enabling students to apply what they have learned. The online study guide offers students further resources when working on the tasks, while encouraging lively and proactive learning. This is the most fundamental and easy-to-use introduction to the study of language. George Yule has taught Linguistics at the Universities of Edinburgh, Hawai’i, Louisiana State and Minnesota. He is the author of a number of books, including Discourse Analysis (with Gillian Brown, 1983) and Pragmatics (1996). “A genuinely introductory linguistics text, well suited for undergraduates who have little prior experience thinking descriptively about language. Yule’s crisp and thought-provoking presentation of key issues works...
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