Abstract Over the past hundreds of years our world went through many social and economical changes. After the birth of the industrialized society, our world economical growth was fast. Many scholars and researchers have been trying to understand why the developing nations are still under developed. The modernization and Dependency theories will explain some of our world socio-economic differences between the developing and developed countries. This essay discussed about the major differences between Modernization and Dependency theories, and their impact on the developing nations.

Modernization Theory
A theory designed to explain the process of modernizing societies. The theory considers the internal factors of development of any country, based on the installation, that the "traditional" countries may be involved in the development the same way as are the developed countries. According to Gavrov (2005), modernization theory endeavors to recognize the social variables, which add to social development and expansion of society, and will attempt to elucidate the procedure of social development. At the same time Gavrov (2005) stated that none of the scientists does not deny the process of modernization of society (the transition from traditional to industrial society), the theory itself has undergone considerable criticism from both Marxists and the representatives of free-market ideas, and supporters of the theory depend on the reason that is a simplified representation of the historical process. According to Tipps (2003) the basic structural changes in this phase of modernity clear four elements:
a. Differentiation of the bureaucratic structure (social complexity)
b. Secularization of political culture (democracy)
c. Increasing the capacity of the political system of a society (bureaucracy)
d. Promoting practices of capital accumulation (growth and self-reliance)
According to Topik (1998) one of the key factors in the modernization theory is the belief that development requires developed countries to assist developing countries to benefit from the progress on their own. In addition, Gavrov (2005) stated that it was thought that the least developed countries, and can grow faster than developed countries to catch up, and it is possible for development on an equal footing, which will be reached.

Dependency Theory
According to Frank (1967), a Social theory whose base is the assertion that helps the resources to flow away from the "periphery” (the poor, undeveloped, underdeveloped, developing, and dependent countries) in the "core" (the rich, developed countries). This central position of dependency theory that the poor (underdeveloped) countries get poorer and the rich (developed) are getting rich with the fact that integrated into the global economic system. According Frank(1967) The dependency theory is a theory of the field of social sciences (sociology, history, economics and political science) who argues that poverty, political instability and underdevelopment of the South is the result of historical processes set up by the Northern countries has resulted in the economic dependence of developing countries.
According to Rodgers (2004), the inability of developing countries to develop was contradicted by a temporary economic take-off of four dragons in the 60’s which were followed later by the Asian economic crisis. Rodgers (2004) clearly stated that, against an obvious example is that of China and India since the 80's, however, these countries are still far from the front runners in terms of human development index (HDI), and the fact that these countries are developed does not mean the absence of obstruction.
It is clear that the proponent of this theory to follow the model of developed countries does not make sense, because their development occurred under certain historical conditions that are impossible to recreate in the southern countries. In addition, this model shows that this condition of poverty favors developed countries, and; therefore, they do not want them to change the global economic structure. Faced with this situation, the dependency theory urges developing countries to implementing the policies to generate internally the products on which they depend, and applying a more selective approach to engage in trade with the developed countries to implement measures of protection as tariffs and other taxes. According to Frank (1967), one way or another, this model influenced the various Latin American governments during the decades of the sixties, seventies and mid eighties, when starting with Chile; he gave way a model of free trade. And again Frank (1967) stated in Colombia, the trade policy change occurs during the administration of former President Gaviria and is known as economic openness.
As I have tried to show on the top, modernization is a process that has been seen as irreversible. In other words, once the third world countries come into contact with the West will not be able to resist the impetus for the modernization process. According to mass-society theory Tipps (2003) modernity augments the level of life, increasing the role of government and other formal organizations in transportation of everyday jobs beforehand executed by family members and neighbors. According to Gavrov (2005) cultural diversity and rapid social change make complicated for people in modern societies to define what morally is up to standard, develop stable distinctiveness, and find significance in their lives.
In the United States, modernization can present itself in many ways. According to Rodgers (2004) one way in which it is accessible is through changes in technology. The world’s technology as we used to recognize, or at least as our grandparents used to know it, has significantly changed. Rodgers (2004) also stated, in today’s world we possess some forms of technology, and some of this technology did not even be present until a short time ago.
Accountability from our government personnel, greater security and the ability for every citizen to make their own choices about their lives are more examples of our modernization. According to Tipps (2003) consumer spending is rampant in the US; we spend more than many other countries combined. Tipps (2003) also stated our medical, technological and scientific fields are expanding at a rapid pace, and education is given a high priority. We are expected 'leaders' and to be modern or urbanized people in order to compete with others for jobs, schools, even significant others.
According to Tipps (2003) this trend will continue and likely increase as we move forward. The job, housing and school markets are becoming increasingly competitive, and you are many times judged by your education, career choice and where you live. As the same time Tipps (2003) stated, people are encouraged to be entrepreneurs and to step out and create or expand industries and hopefully jobs for others. According to Tipps (2003) the information age has increased global awareness exponentially, and the US thrives off of this technology. Tipps (2003) also stated more people are marking their place in the World Wide Web, thinking of new or improved uses for it, and exposing their life, interests, and creations on it. It is not uncommon to apply for a job online, and then work online and never even meet the people you work with face to face. At the same time Tipps (2003) stated socially it is considered normal to meet and talk to people from around the world, either on a social or intellectual level that you would never even expect to meet in real life.
According to Topik (1998) in contrasting to the modernization theory dependency theory urges as those underdeveloped countries who are surviving in this economy under the pressure of the western developed countries. It also puts importance and responsibility for underdevelopment on external factors, unlike the dependency theory. Topik (1998) also stated that, this factor will make the countries that are undeveloped more dependent and poor. Topik (1998) also uses a key notion to give support to this theory is the ‘metropolis-satellite relationship’. Countries in the vein of London and Paris are all international metropolises; they bring into play their supremacy in the world marketplaces of goods. According to Topik (1998) there are more often than not controlling passing through the confined representatives in capitals of the third world, these capitals are the satellites. On the same article Topik (1998) stated this demonstrates that they are national metropolises and they, like the international metropolises, take advantage of the other local satellites and this procedure continues on until the poor peasant is finally browbeaten by their local property-owner. According to Rodgers (2004) Dependency theorists held to the underdeveloped countries that are developing, and should cut ties with developed countries and further internal growth. Rodgers (2004) again stated one of the policies developed from this insight import substitution industrialization. According to Rodgers (2004) Modernization theory failed to explain some of the critical issues decoration underdeveloped countries, such as demographic trends, and differences in culture, geographic location, etc.
In conclusion, the modernization theory is only positive and to the top of agreement. It is significant to appreciate the history of a state of affairs in a more sensible loom which can be taken to get to the bottom of it. Dependency theory investigates the history of countries and colonization. Attacking the subject of structural manacles on third world, the 16th century European invasion, and the familiarity of capitalism in third-world countries, Galliano has been competent to make available a clear clarification of how third world countries came to be undersized. The history is comprehended it is probable to work with it and correct its error so that the third-world will not be wedged to any further extent.

References

Frank, André Gunder (1967), “Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America: Historical Studies of Brazil and Chile,” New York: Monthly Review
Gavrov, Sergey (2005), "The phenomenon of modernization,” Ithaca: Cornell University
Rodgers, Daniel T. (2004). "Tradition, Modernity, and the American Industrial Worker: Reflections and Critique," Journal of Interdisciplinary History
Tipps, Dean C. (2003). "Modernization Theory and the Comparative Study of Societies: A Critical Perspective," Comparative Studies in Society and History (1973) 15:199-226
Topik, Stephen (1998), “Dependency Revisited: Saving the Baby from the Bathwater,” Latin American Perspectives, 25(6), November, Issue