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Sensory Integration Dysfunction

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Dr. Anna Jean Ayres (1920- 1989), was an occupational therapist and a developmental psychologist. During her life, she was known for coining the term, “Sensory Integration Dysfunction” in the 1960’s and wrote several titles on the subject. Today, we refer to “Sensory Integration Dysfunction” as “Sensory Processing Disorder”. According to spdstar.org, Sensory Processing Disorder, “...refers to the way the nervous system receives messages from the senses and turns them into appropriate motor and behavioral responses” and “exists when sensory signals are either not detected or don't get organized into appropriate responses”. The prevalence of Sensory Processing Disorder has been studied in 2004, “One study shows that at least 1 in 20 children’s …show more content…
An example of issues with an over responsible child is a child who does not enjoy the way his/her clothes feel on their body, they do not enjoy baths, beaches, or playgrounds. The child will avoid messy, tangible activities like finger painting, playing with playdoh, or touching sand and dirt. Under responsive children do not notice how items feel and are unaware of messy hands, face, or clothes. These children are clumsy, lack an inner drive to move around, long term stimulation can be exhausting, and they like unnatural body positions. Children with this facet of SPD probably have trouble making friends and starting their day. A Sensory-craver who seeks constant stimulation is hyperactive, loves fast, spinning movements, wants lots of touch such as hugs, rubs, squeezes, and responds to sights, sounds, smells, and tastes in unusual ways. This child would fidget, tap his/her pencils and pens, constantly move their feet, and would wiggle around in their chair. Carol Stock Kranowitz, has a Master of Arts degree in Education and Human Development from George Washington University describes in her book, “The Out-Of-Sync Child”, that a sensory-craver who seeks constant stimulation is, “the child who’s “gotta touch,” even …show more content…
The U.S. Department of Education states in the “Other Health Impairment” section of IDEA that, “We decline to include dysphagia, FAS, bipolar disorders, and other organic neurological disorders in the definition of other health impairment because these conditions are commonly understood to be health impairments”. Depending on the severity and specific case of the child, a 504 plan or RTI (along with occupational therapy) would be an excellent treatment. Since SPD can affect all areas of development, a variety of services are available; speech and language therapy, feeding therapy, and occupational therapy. Services are provided for families if they qualify for IDEA, however, the Star Institute and local health departments can assist in identifying, treating, and providing

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