...It is important to know the basis of our roles in nursing as practiced today. Knowing our history and the foundations we stand on, promote forward thinking with regards to perfecting our practice. Three trends that stand out in our history are community health organization, reformation of sanitation and prevention of infection, and the need for formalized education and registration of professional nurses. Organizing community health is best seen by the works of St. Vincent DePaul and the Daughter's of Charity. Organization of nurses to aid in the Civil War was monumental in establishing our stance in society. Hannefin, D. (1989). "Daughters of the church: A popular history of the daughters of charity in the united states 1809-1987" . (Book 17 ed.). Brooklyn, NY: Vincentian Digital Books. Retrieved from http://via.library.depaul.edu/vincentian_ebooks/17 The American Red Cross also changed the direction of community awareness when it came to health and the role of community partnership to assist those in need. Thus, driving the pull of working together. Florence Nightingale headlined the reformation of sanitation within hospitals and communities. She started the movement of preventing the spread of disease. One could venture that her efforts started the idea of evidence based practice. Woodham-Smith, C. (1950). Florence Nightingale. London, England: The Reprint Society. She was an early researcher. Her connections of mortality rates and sanitary conditions mapped...
Words: 392 - Pages: 2
...all aspects of nursing science throughout time, explain the relationships between nursing science and our profession, as well as influences of other disciplines on the development of nursing. Time Line Specific Years, Theories, Theorists, and Nursing Historical Events Prior to the 17th century. Prior to the 17th century to the 19th century, nursing care included basic hygiene, and primarily comfort needs. These were carried out by Nuns, and other religious groups (Craven & Hirnle, 2003). Nursing could possibly be the oldest profession. It started with wet nurses, who delivered babies, cared for them and their mothers (Weatherford, 2014). 19th century. Florence Nightingale developed the Environmental Theory. During the Crimean War she noticed more soldiers died of disease then of battlefield injuries. Through research she believed that dirt, and lack of cleanliness led to diseases. She instituted proper hygiene such as: hand washing, cleaning wounds, cleanliness of environment soldiers were in, from barracks to nursing wards. She believe that providing fresh air, sunshine, and preventing malnutrition led to decreased deaths dramatically (“Nursing Theory”, 2013). Clara Barton established the American Red Cross in 1881. Mary Ann Bickerdyke delivered raised charitable funds to Union...
Words: 1347 - Pages: 6
...Mary Eliza Mahoney, for example, became the first African American nurse and was a role model for nurses all over the world. She was able to achieve her goals and so much more by not caring what people thought of her, being determined, and being dedicated to what she wanted to do. Mary Eliza Mahoney was born on May 7th, 1845 in Boston, Massachusetts. Her parents were freed slaves from North Carolina and they moved north to try to get away from the Civil War that was about to start. Mary was the oldest of their three children and she was one of the first to attend Phillips School in Boston when it integrated in 1855. During her teenage years, she knew that she wanted to be a nurse, so she worked at the New England Hospital for...
Words: 470 - Pages: 2
...Professional Roles and Values A) Functional Differences: The functional differences between a regulatory agency, like the Texas Board of Nursing and a Professional Nursing Organization, like with Texas Nurses Association, are many. Even though both agencies support nursing, they do in different ways. The mission statement of the Texas Board of Nursing is as follows: “The mission of the Texas Board of Nursing is to protect and promote the welfare of the people of Texas by ensuring that each person holding a license as a nurse in the State of Texas is competent to practice safely” ("Mission and Values," n.d., para. 1). One of the primary roles of the BON is license issues. They issue and renew licenses for nurses in the State of Texas. They issue all licenses to graduates of approved nursing education programs. All nurses are required to renew their licenses on a biennial basis with evidence of required continuing education. In the State of Texas, RN’s must have twenty hours of CEU’s every two years for this renewal process. The BON enforces the NPA (Nurse Practice Act) and nursing education, conducting investigations of complaints against nurses and adjudicating complaints ("Licensure Renewal," n.d.). Texas Nurses Association (TNA) is a professional nursing organization with supports and advocates for nurses. The mission statement of the TNA is as follows: “Advancing the nursing profession through leadership, collaboration, advocacy and innovation” ("Mission," n.d., para...
Words: 1529 - Pages: 7
...law in American society. The common people have to strictly follow the dogmatic rules and the autocracy; freedom does not exist. The patients in the book are like machines. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, using the analogy of a mental institution, suggests that 1950s American society is not free and that people need to rise up to try to change it. Firstly, the Big Nurse’s manipulation and subtle cruelty cannot give enough freedom for the patients. Secondly, the main elements of control are self-inflicted; the fear that holds them down is internal. Thirdly, McMurphy is a messianic figure, and his doom is inevitable. He brings liberation to others, and this is the true meaning to his own life. First, Nurse Ratched’s manipulation and subtle cruelty mirrors discrimination of the era. In One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, the chief Bromden and the patients who are there are essentially being "segregated" from the rest of society because they are different. This segregation from the normal life can compare to the struggle with racism, discrimination, and segregation between whites and African Americans in post-World War II era. In the book, the patients are not treated as normal people, and they do not have freedom. For...
Words: 2451 - Pages: 10
...Running head: The differences in competencies between the Associate Degree Nurse and the Baccalaureate Degree Nurse Educational Preparedness: The differences in competencies between the Associate Degree nurse and the Baccalaureate Degree Nurse Grand Canyon University: Nrs-430V Professional Dynamics Diane Irby January 25, 2014 Introduction In 1860 nurse training began after the Crimean war. Florence Nightingale started the nursing program by caring for the sick, injured and dying soldiers during the war. The first nursing school was established in London. During the civil war the American women provided skilled nursing care. During world-war II they needed more nurses so an Associate’s Degree nurse program was developed. This was intended for them to work in the field of nursing as a technical nurse, assisting and working under the supervision of the professional nurse. (Creasia J., & Freiberg, E (2011). Differences in competencies between the Associate degree nurse and the Baccalaureate degree nurse There are 3 levels of nursing. 1. The diploma nurse who is trained by the hospitals this level hardly exists anymore. 2. The Associate’s degree nurse who gets the training at community colleges and Universities. They learn the technical aspects of nursing by learning the knowledge and skills needed to provide direct care to patients and families mostly in the acute care setting. 3. The baccalaureate nurse which is earned at the...
Words: 911 - Pages: 4
...Estelle Massey Riddle Osborne: A Nurse Leader in Diversity Excelsior College July 31, 2012 Excelsior College, Liberty University, Old Dominion University, St. Joseph’s College are all colleges that offer baccalaureate degrees for nursing. These are only a few of the thousands of programs that are currently available either on campus or on-line to men and women of every race. This was not always the case. During the Civil War, black codes were in place in both the north and the south. These black codes were designed to hinder the progress of blacks and to limit access to institutions of learning and employment opportunities (NBNA, 2012).By 1900, of the four hundred thirty two schools that were open to women in the United States; only ten were open to blacks. For over forty-three years, Estelle Massey Riddle Osborne fought to eliminate discrimination and was relentless in her actions to assure future blacks had opportunities to obtain higher levels of education, be employed in higher supervisor positions in nursing, and be accepted and welcomed in professional nursing organizations (Grime, 2003). In the journal article, Great black nurses: Estelle Massey Osborne, the author Marie O. Pitts (2002) speaks of Osborne’s exceptional journey. Estelle was born May 3, 1901 in Palestine, Texas. She was one of eleven children. Her father was a handyman and her mother was a homemaker. Even though her parents did not have professional careers, they were the most knowledgeable...
Words: 2599 - Pages: 11
...1 Running head: PROFESSIONAL ROLES & VALUES PROJECT Professional Roles & Values Project Sabina S. Borgen Western Governer’s University Professional Roles & Values 2 Professional Roles & Values Project There are specific functions and benefits that both a regulatory agency and a professional organization entail. The one common objective that exists between the two is to protect the health, safety and wellbeing of the public and their healthcare needs. Through researching both entities, a Professional Nursing Mission Statement outlines the valuable characteristics of both establishments with specific roles that are entailed in each one and how they interpret the meaning of quality of care. A: Functional Differences A regulatory agency such as the Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services assists with the regulation and upholding of licensure requirements for delivery of competent care within the nursing profession. Laws that are written and monitored evolve from actions within the legislative and executive branches to safeguard the public (NCSBN, 2015). Regulatory agencies also enforce the state nurse practice act along with overlooking exams that grant licenses and disciplining the license of those that engage in unsafe practice. Nurse education programs require approval from a regulatory agency and need to show that collaboration between students and the facility exist (Nursing World, 2012). A professional nursing organization...
Words: 2156 - Pages: 9
...have grown stronger through the years. Women have gone from being seen and not heard to having a voice, supporting war multiple war efforts, and becoming politicians. In the landmark case of Roe verses Wade gave women the right to own their own body with the decision of whether or not to have an abortion. Women were battling for equality as well as the right to vote. This suffrage was a long drawn out battle through the years but finally was won. Women’s roles during all three wars, the Spanish American War, World War I, and World War II, included nurses, clerical positions, and they back filled spouse’s duties at home. A “New Woman came about in the 1920s as women changed their attitude along with hair, make-up and attitude. All of the progressions were won due to persistence. Women have played a significant throughout the wars in America, not just stateside but abroad. “The Spanish-American War created a substantial need for military nurses” (Small, 1998). Dr Anita Newcomb McGee became the nurse’s bureau chief. This was the first time contract nurses were hired to in military hospital. In September 1918, 1,100 nurses were serving in the United and overseas. During World War I women were allowed to serve in non-nursing positions performing clerical duties. 34,000 women served in the military and 10,000 served as nurses in World War I. During World War II nearly 350, 000 American women served in uniform, both at home and abroad (NationalWW2museuum, ND). These women...
Words: 2479 - Pages: 10
...1 Historical Development of Professional Nursing in the United States Jennifer Casavant Telford, PhD, APN-BC Arlene W. Keeling, PhD, RN, FAAN OBJECTIVES At the completion of this chapter, the reader will be able to: • Discuss the impact of Florence Nightingale's model and the American Civil War on mid to late–19th-century American nursing education. • Describe the transition of nursing education from the hospital to collegiate programs. • Discuss the role of nursing licensure in safeguarding the public and developing educational and clinical nursing standards. • Discuss the development of advanced clinical practice nursing from the 1960s through the present. PROFILE IN PRACTICE Laura J. Robinson Adult Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Student, University of Connecticut School of Nursing Nursing history is important to me because it has provided me with the opportunity to fulfill my goal to advance my career as a nurse practitioner, a role that was not existent less than half a century ago. Ambitious nurses before me had to establish themselves in a new career, gain recognition, and succeed in order for the position to be present today. One person whom I particularly admire and who helped pave the way is my grandmother, Olive Shea. Grandma Shea earned her RN diploma in 1944 after completing the 3-year certification program offered by Hartford Hospital in Hartford, Connecticut. After various nursing positions, she was employed by the University of Connecticut at the...
Words: 12159 - Pages: 49
...Horst Seibt COMPENDIUM OF CASE STUDIES OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW Horst Seibt Legal expert, German Red Cross COMPENDIUM OF CASE STUDIES OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW Translated and adapted from German by the International Committee of the Red Cross International Committee of the Red Cross 19 Avenue de la Paix 1202 Geneva, Switzerland T +41 22 734 6001 F +41 22 733 2057 E-mail: icrc.gva@icrc.org www.icrc.org Original German title: Es begann in Solferino ISBN 2-88145-058-X # International Committee of the Red Cross Geneva 1994 FOREWORD The ICRC takes pleasure in presenting this compendium of case studies of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), a collection of some 60 cases in which IHL is applicable, taken from a work entitled Es begann in Solferino by Mr. Horst Seibt, IHL expert, of the German Red Cross. With his kind permission, the ICRC has translated it and adapted it to the general plan of one of its recent publications, Basic Rules of the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols. The analysis of case studies is (if I may be allowed the metaphor) a sort of obstacle race over IHL territory. It is the rider who, on completing his circuit faultlessly, realizes the majesty and beauty of horsemanship. And it is by overcoming all the difficulties of these cases that the importance of IHL, and its applicability to present conditions, will be realized and IHL better understood. The cases are admittedly difficult, but they can be an...
Words: 39559 - Pages: 159
...Section 1 Medicine and treatment Chapter 3: Extension study: Medicine and public health from Roman Britain to c1350 3.1 The Romans and approaches to medicine Exam practice question 1 (page 17) The Romans believed that disease was caused by an imbalance in the Four Humours. They believed that the body was made up of black bile, yellow bile, blood and phlegm, and that too much or not enough of one of these would cause illness. A fever, for example, showed that you had too much blood. This belief was developed by Galen from the work of Hippocrates, an Ancient Greek doctor. The Romans also believed that bad air could cause disease. They thought it was important to build cities and settlements away from swamps and marshes. This would have helped them avoid diseases like malarias which were caused by mosquitoes, but they didn’t understand why. The Romans also believed that dirt and sedentary lifestyles caused disease, because they encouraged the population to bathe regularly and exercise in the bath house. However, they would not have understood why this kept people healthy. Exam practice question 2 (page 18) In some ways the influence of Hippocrates on Roman medicine was extremely important. Hippocrates’s teachings included the theory of the four humours, which taught that the body was made up of four elements and too much of one of these would cause illness. He also taught the importance of clinical observation: watching a patient very carefully and keeping detailed...
Words: 22222 - Pages: 89
...come out of this time period is Henry Hobson Richardson. He helped develop a definite American Style of architecture and one of the most important. His influence on building design has made an impact on such architects as Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan. Siegfried Giedion, author of Space, Time and Architecture, states that “Richardson’s study of historical precedence- in this case Romanesque buildings-led to the design of the new forms Richardson was after.” Henry Hobson Richardson was born in a Louisiana Parish on September 29th, 1838 to Catherine Priestley and Henry Richardson. He was born into a well-to-do family and was raised on a cotton plantation. He entered into Harvard University in the winter of 1856 where he studied civil engineering and was a member of the graduating class of 1959. Many scholars studying Richardson quote how unsuccessful and unexceptional he was at the University level, but that would all soon change. After graduation, Richardson wanted to see the other side of the...
Words: 5002 - Pages: 21
...International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2008) 17, 236–245 doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2008.00539.x Feature Article Whose life is it anyway? An exploration of five contemporary ethical issues that pertain to the psychiatric nursing care of the person who is suicidal: Part one John R. Cutcliffe1,2,3 and Paul S. Links4,5 1 ‘David G. Braithwaite’ Department of Nursing, University of Texas, Tyler, USA, 2Stenberg College, Vancouver, Canada, 3University of Ulster, Jordanstown, UK, 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; and 5 Arthur Rotter Somnerburg Chair in Suicide Studies, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ABSTRACT: It is self-evident that ethical issues are important topics for consideration for those involved in the care of the person who is suicidal. Nevertheless, despite the obvious relationship between Mental Health nurses and care of the person who is suicidal, such nurses have hitherto been mostly silent on these matters. As a result, this two-part paper focuses on a number of contemporary issues which might help inform the ethical discourse and resultant Mental Health nursing care of the person who is suicidal. Part one of this paper focuses on the issues: Whose life is it anyway? Harming of our bodies and the inconsistency in ethical responses and, Is suicide ever a reasonable thing to do? The authors find that this contemporary view within the suicidology academe and the corresponding legal position in most western (developed) countries...
Words: 7425 - Pages: 30
...Chapter I Introduction Recently, we have been given the opportunity to know more about Davao Medical Hospital, which has been greatly of interest to us. The Hospital has become part of our lives for more than four years now. We spend 24 hours every week in Davao Medical Hospital for our duties. That is why today, and for a few days more, We as a group are indeed very grateful that upon the day we shall bid goodbye to Ateneo de Davao University, the institution who have inculcated us with good values and quality education and also become part of our lives for many years have given us the opportunity to know more the history of Davao Medical Hospital. This document aims to describe the in- depth information, history and other factors that have been utilized to the emergence of Davao Medical Hospital. The resources came from our orientation and meeting with Mrs. Vilma Comoda, R.N, MAN and the interviews and the written documents we have read. HISTORY OF THE DAVAO GENERAL HOSPITAL 1917 – Enacted by the Philippine Legislative as Davao Public Hospital with a 25 bed capacity. The Davao General Hospital at Davao City, way back in the year 1918, a just a Sick Ward set up by the District Engineer’s Office in Davao for the care and treatment of the sick laborer’s known as “Sakadas”, who were the brought in to help the development of Davao. In 1919, by virtue of Special Act of the Philippine Legislation which was passed in 1917, to establish...
Words: 8816 - Pages: 36
