Study Guide for Test 2 Sophie’s World: p. 105 “Philosopher and Scientist” – p. 116 1. Know the order of students from Socrates to Aristotle. Socrates, Plato, Aristotle (Oldest to Youngest). 2. Know the difference between Plato’s forms and the world. ------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Know how Aristotle thought of forms. “Form” is each things specific characteristics. Example: A chicken’s form is fluttering, crackling and laying eggs. (What is
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The Matrix, Plato, and Descartes For centuries, man has embarked on a relentless, philosophical journey to unearth a necessary answer to the question—what is real? The megahit film, The Matrix, ingeniously created by the Wachowski brothers, brings the world’s most celebrated, philosophical theories to light as they attempt to postulate a binding remedy. The first of these theories dates past 380 BC, when Plato crafted his allegorical masterpiece, “The Cave,” which denotes a metaphor contrasting
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mind-body dualism specifically. The origin of dualism can be traced back to Plato and Aristotle, Ancient Greece. But when people talk about modern dualism, the French philosopher Rene Descartes is the person couldn’t be ignored. He is the one who modified and made dualism a complete philosophical theory. Descartes thinks that there are two sides of the activity of people, the physical side and the spiritual side, therefore people are constituted by two different
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philosophers have long been asking questions pertaining to human behavior. Questions about humans and human behavior date back to the times of ancient Greek philosophers. A few philosophers who made great contributions are; Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Descartes. Many believe that Aristotle may have contributed more to prescience psychology than any other individual. Aristotle was the first to believe in the importance of empirical observations. Observation is something that is widely used today in
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Descartes introduced his evil genius doubt in his first meditations. His hypothesis consists of the belief that a supreme being, labeled the “evil genius” or “evil demon” could be maliciously controlling and creating in our minds an illusion of the world as we know it. A complete fabrication that would negate the simplest truths as well as our sense data. His initial goal is to find a way to question the unquestionable; what we view as absolute truths like a simple addition or substraction
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falsification in experience or reason, while the Holy Fathers could confine themselves to determining what was necessary to gain access to eternal life and avoid damnation”. (Markie, P., and Edward N. Z., 2008) Descartes and Bacon’s thought was the opposite of Copernicus and Galileo. Descartes and Bacon choose to start from the very beginning to build a foundation of adequate knowledge. They did not look to the past to
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Basic Beliefs Must Exist The root of knowledge has always been a great question of philosophy. What do we know? Or do we really know what we think we know? What justifies our beliefs as knowledge? It all comes down to the same question, same question asked in cosmology, biology and many others: How did it all begin? Where scientific data is inadequate, epistemology tried to find answers and possibilities and asked their version of the question: Are there any epistemically basic beliefs? In other
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interested in studying psychological phenomena in biological terms, so many consider him the first physiological psychologist (Hergenhahn, 2009). Then in the 17th century the philosophical begins slowly to make the transition into psychological. Rene` Descartes was a
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the readings from Plato and Descartes. What are some similarities and differences? All three; “The Matrix”, “The Allegory of the Cave” the more eloquent “Meditation 1 of the Things of Which We May Doubt” all seem to center on the same metaphysical question of; what is real? The Matrix is much like a modern version of The Allegory of the Cave in which both the perception based reality is explored with their costs and limitations involved. It seems to me that Rene’ Descartes “Meditations on first philosophy
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Reason and Experience DAA March 09 I. Mind as Tabula Rasa The Specification: - The strengths and weaknesses of the view that all ideas are derived from sense experience - The strengths and weaknesses of the view that claims about what exists must ultimately be grounded in and justified by sense experience. This is an analysis of the "empiricist" view: both Hume and Locke are empiricists as they argue that all knowledge depends on experience. Note that the first item asks us
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