...Kristallnacht was absolutely devastating to Jews in Germany. Reynard Heydrich, second in command of the SS (the Nazis in charge of the German police and concentration camps), submitted a report after Kristallnacht that stated, “…815 shops destroyed, 171 dwelling houses set on fire or destroyed… 119 synagogues were set on fire, and another 76 completely destroyed… 20,000 Jews were arrested, 36 deaths were reported and those seriously injured were also numbered at 36…” (qtd. in History.com Staff par. 5). However, after the event, the numbers were estimated to have been much larger, with over 7,000 shops destroyed and more than 250 synagogues burned. The Night of Broken Glass actually got its name from the amount of shattered glass that littered the street after the event; the glass came from the windows of Jewish-owned shops. The morning after, about 30,000 German Jewish men were arrested, simply for the “crime” of being Jewish, and sent off to concentration camps. Then, even some Jewish women were arrested, although they were sent to jails rather than concentration camps. As if that wasn’t enough, curfews were placed on any remaining...
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...Kristallnacht was an event that had devastated the whole Jewish population and had created many struggles for the Jewish people. This event was also known as Night of Broken Glass when the Germans attacked the Jewish people’s home and business shops purposely. The Germans had planned to attack the Jewish Germans that night and had told the policemen to do it too. They had broke glass and many other of the Jewish people’s belongings as well and for the Jewish people, it was one of the most terrifying times in the Holocaust too. Multiple Jewish aspects were affected by Kristallnacht because the event had affected the Jewish people emotionally, physically, and in financial ways. One of the Jewish people’s aspect was their security or their safety. When Kristallnacht had occurred the Germans had been been sent out to destroy everything of the Jewish people’s belongings. When this occurred they had attacked every Jewish person and their home or their churches too. This had caused them to think they were safe because none of the German police protected them from when the Germans attacked them....
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...before World War 2 broke out, Jewish people were heavily persecuted in German-occupied territories. Severe anti-semitism caused many Jewish people to be in grave danger, even children. One particularly heinous act called Kristallnacht, which translated means “Night of Broken Glass”, led the British government to rethink their hesitance to refuse Jewish refugees entry to their country. After this, efforts were made to coordinate the rescue of many Jewish people and the focus was heavily on children. Thus, the Kindertransport was born. On November 9, 1938 in Nazi Germany, over 1,000 synagogues were destroyed, 700 Jewish shops were attacked, and over 90 people were killed in an event labeled Kristallnacht. Hearing about this atrocity promoted a debate in the British House of Commons regarding Jewish refugees. The British government had...
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...had to say because I would want my children to feel like they were equal. I would never want them to go through what a lot of people went through. That’s why I feel people had a wake up call when he said that and agreed with him from then on. No one wanted anyone, especially children to go through this sad time. Kristallnacht was known as the night of broken glass; a terrible way Hitler thought was a good idea to get his way. ”Kristallnacht provided the Nazi government with an opportunity at last to totally remove jews from german public life.”-pbs.org This quote is important because it is explaining what the Nazi’s were attempting to do to the Jews. The Nazi’s were told to take away Jews as if they never existed. Personally I think the quote means Kristallnacht was just a diversion in order to exterminate the Jews faster. I also feel the Nazi government thought it would be easy to take them all away if something gave them an excuse to do it. The quote and my explanation correspond with each other. This is because the quote tells you why it started and I simplified it into a shorter version of the quote. The holocaust memorial can be located in Boston. There are 5 glass smoke stacks. They represent the main concentration camps. They also represent the survivors who risked their lives during the holocaust in hiding or in the concentration camps.” To me the holocaust stands alone as the most horrible human event in modern civilizations.”-Tim Holden Tim Holden understands this sad...
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...The Changing of Jewish Life With the rise of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party between 1933 and 1939, Jewish life was changed drastically. This was due to a combination of factors such as Hitler’s rise to power and anti-semitic beliefs, Nuremberg Laws, and Kristallnacht. This essay will serve to explore Jewish life prior to 1933 and explain the many factors that attributed to the changing of Jewish life from 1933 to 1939. Anti-semitism has existed for about two thousand years throughout Europe, but despite this, the life of German Jews was reasonably peaceful before 1933 (Berenbaum 2018). Anti-semitism existed in many forms such as the Jews being scapegoated for the cause of the Black Plague and the death of Christ, as well as employment...
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...The first outright discriminatory laws against Jewish people came in 1933. These laws stated Jews could not hold a position in any branch of government and they were allowed no admission to universities. In the coming years, these anti-Semitic laws grew in their absurdity, exponentially. Jews were deprived of their citizenship, more and more job opportunities were taken away, they were not allow to own a vehicle, denied admission to public schools, and stripped of their property. All of these events were leading up to one harsh attack, the Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass). On November 9, 1938, Nazi soldiers killed dozens of Jews, destroyed hundreds of homes in Jewish neighborhoods, and set fire to nearly all of the Jewish temples in Germany. After the Kristallnacht, the Nazis sent more than 30,000 Jews to concentration camps. Hundreds or thousands fled the country. In 1933, Hitler began the process of German rearmament and militarization that would eventually lead to World War 11. Hitler's plan to dominate the world...
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...Eric Snyder History 300W Reign of Terror: German Public Opinion of the Jews 1933-1939 Historian Marc Bloch describes history as something that is “progressive which constantly transforms and perfects itself.” There are many different opinions that persist in pre-war Nazi Germany. There is the opinion of the Jewish people living in Germany, the opinion of the Nazis living in Germany under the command of Adolf Hitler, and there is the opinion of the German people who were not Nazis which this paper is focused on. Events such as Kristallnacht positively affected the opinion of the Jewish people to the German public during pre-war Nazi Germany. The Chancellor of Germany from 1933-1945 was Adolf Hitler, an outspoken anti-Semitic man who was an accomplished mimic, an excellent actor, and “used language in a way that was untranslatably funny.” Hitler believed that the Jewish people were inferior to his Aryan race. Hitler believed that race was not only defined by skin color or heritage, it was defined by an elitist set of criteria that had to be met such as a person’s religion, or ideals. As a result, any intermingling or marriage or offspring made by an Aryan and any other race was downright wrong in Hitler’s eyes. He says of intermingling of the races that, “If Nature does not wish that weaker individuals should mate with the stronger, she wishes even less that a superior race should intermingle with an inferior one; because in such a case all her efforts, throughout hundreds...
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...The Nazi party launched a campaign of terror against Jewish people, their homes, and business’ in Germany and Austria. Kristallnacht is also known as “night of broken glass” because of all the broken windows and glass throughout the Reign of Terror. Jews were packed into cattle cars like nothing more than actual cattle to be evacuated to the work camps. “There are eighty of you in the car “(Wiesel 24); all eighty of the Jews struggled to catch their breath in the hot somewhat fresh air without having an idea of their final destination. It is estimated that 100 Jews died, 7,500 Jewish businesses were damaged, and an estimated 30,000 Jewish people were arrested by the ruthless Nazi party on the night of broken...
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...II, Hitler the chancellor of Germany created a policy known as the “Final Solution.” From the Nuremberg Laws in 1935 to Kristallnacht in 1938, Hitler slowly removed Jews from German society. However, the Nazis created an elaborate and intensive system to work Jews to forced labor under brutal conditions. From the concentration camps created by the Nazi, forced labor was futile and destructive. The concentration camp forced the Jews to perish without proper equipment, clothing, nourishment, or rest. Because Adolf Hitler devised the Final Solution to eradicate Europeans Jews, more than one million Jews, labored and perish in Auschwitz, a Nazi concentration camp. Like what Fidel Castro said “There is nothing that compares to the Holocaust.” After the start of World War II, the anti-Jewish law enforcers came up with a plan to dispose of European Jewry. To mask the true meaning behind their destruction, the Nazi Germany used certain language to disguise it. The meaning of the “Final Solution” means to annihilate the Jewish people. After Hitler’s rule of eradicating and segregation of Jews was applied, the “Final Solution” was set in stages. In 1933, when the Nazi Germany party finally achieved its power to support racism, this led to anti-Jewish legislation, economic boycotts, and the violence of the Kristallnacht ("Night of Broken Glass") massacres, all of this resulted isolating Jews from society and plan to get them...
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...them appeared to have a caricature. In other words, a bigger nose than usual in order to show the number six–which is the Devil’s number”(Trueman). Therefore, many people began to think Jewish people were evil because their nose “displayed” the Devil’s number. Afterwards, many people tried their best to avoid them or point them out in a negative way. They were also treated with prejudice because jewish owned stores were attacked. One example of this victimization by the german to the jews is Kristallnacht, which means “Night of Broken Glass”. The author reports in the book “Kristallnacht: prelude to destruction” that “On the night of 9 november 1938, SA thugs and Hitler Youth stormed the streets all over Germany and Austria, smashing and burning a thousand synagogues, destroying all identifiable jewish business, looting jewish homes” (Gilbert). This event shows that the Jewish community was victimized because Jewish owned businesses were targeted and destroyed. The “Night of the Broken Glass” didn’t occur to anyone, but the Jews, showing both prejudice and racism towards jews. The Nazi made Victimizing Jewish people easier because they made it easy to identify them by placing them together in the ghettos and using identification cards. It says on yadvashem.org, the world Holocaust remembrance center, “On October 5, 1938, Jews’ passports were invalidated, and those who needed a passport for emigration purposes were given one marked with the letter J. Another law from 1938 required...
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...Jared Livingston Grade 12 Period 3-4 February 11, 2014 American History The Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the twentieth century's greatest tragedy that left a mark of tragic and horror to all Jews. The tragedy began at January 30th, 1933 and ended at May 8th, 1945, when the war in Europe ended. Millions of people died during the Holocaust, some were killed by machine guns, gas chambers, getting burned, while others died due to starvation, abuse and diseases. Adolf Hitler, the leader of Nazi Germany, was a heartless and uncaring man. He was born on April 20, 1889 in a small Austrian town of Braunau near Germany’s border. Hitler’s father Alios Hitler was a short-tempered, strict and brutal father. It is known that Alios would always beat Hitler when he was young. Hitler’s mother, Klara Hitler, was the opposite of Alios Hitler. She was very caring and loving to her son. When Hitler’s father died, Hitler dropped out of school at an early age because he lost his strong influence into keeping him at school. His mother supported him with this idea. Hitler loved and showed so much companionship to his mother more than his father. When she died at 1907, her death affected him far more deeply than the death of his father. He carried her picture wherever he went and, it is claimed that he had the photo in his hand when he died in 1945. Hitler and the Nazis were the masterminds of the Holocaust. Hitler had so much arrogance in him. He hated and envied the Jews. The Jews at...
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...Royal City. I was so glad that I went there because otherwise we’d have missed all the wonderful songs. The first song was “Our town is burning” by Mordecai Gebirtig (1877- unknown). It was told that Gebirtig wrote “Our Town is Burning” in response to a 1936 pogrom in the Polish town of Przytyk. The song is written to be heard as an urgent calls to action (“Don't stand there, brothers, douse the fire!”). From my perspective, the song is very meaningful and it makes people have sympathy for the Jewish. There were five songs in total but the one I like the most was “A child of our time” by Michael Tippett (1905 – 1997). This English composer conceived “A Child of Our Time” after he learned of the November 1938 Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) pogrom in Germany and Austria. Wishing to communicate a universal message of tolerance, Tippet failed to deliver the reference to the current events in his lyric. Furthermore, during the song, we got the chance to sing along with the music performer which was amazing. If you want to go to attend this event, it will be held on the Holocaust Remembrance Day 27th of January. I’d certainly recommend taking the time to go and hear it for yourself. And by the way, it’s free!...
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...Due to the encouragement of the Nazis, the rioters managed to trash and loot over 7000 Jewish owned businesses over the course of two days. They also burned down 250 synagogues. Many Jewish schools, hospitals, cemeteries and houses were also vandalized. The mobs inflicted violence towards Jewish people and many Jews ended up being killed. The morning after, thousands of Jews were arrested for simply being Jewish. This event is known as The Night of the Broken Glass (also known as Kristallnacht). It received its name due to the fact that many glass windows were shattered by rioters. It appears this event was triggered by the Germans’ anger over the murder of a German diplomat at the hands of a Jew. Many people consider Kristallnacht as the beginning of the...
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...The Holocaust was a tragic event that struck the lives of many people personally. No one deserves being hated, even if you disagree with their beliefs, we are all still people. Hate is a very widespread and horrible thing. It was much more noticeable during the Holocaust and civil rights movement, but it can still happen now. We need to stand up and fight for what we believe in and help the ones being hurt. Kristallnacht was a horrible event that should have never occurred. Many Jewish people were affected by it. During this night, Nazis destroyed Jewish businesses, synagogues, and homes. Sick children were taken out of hospitals and dragged over broken glass. Everyone was devastated, many people were left in broken homes. ”Thou shalt not be a victim, thou shalt not be a perpetrator, above all, thou shalt not be a bystander” this was a quote by Yehuda Bauer. This means that you should stand up for what’s right and not just watch the bad things happen. If we just wait around and watch, history could repeat itself....
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...The oppression of Jews started with laws restricting their freedom and led up to Kristallnacht. After that night, Britain decided to let an unspecified number of kids into the country. They were sponsored through many organizations. The miners were forced to say goodbye to their parents as they traveled to a completely different country. Some children were assigned to foster homes while others stayed in several types of group settings. After the war, the majority of children learned that their parents passed away. Their minds suffered because of the losses they had. Because of kindertransport, a grand number of children were rescued before they could be killed by the Nazis. They went on to share their stories, so that the Holocaust would never be...
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