...by given commands, and respond to these commands by creating node objects, creating arc objects, displaying them or deleting them. Implement the following classes: 1. GraphApplication class that will implement command line interface and interact with the user: This class needs to implement the following commands in its run() method: a. quit – exits the application b. nodes - lists the nodes in the graph c. arcs – lists the arcs in the graph these commands do not need index or parameters d. node - this command requires object for which the node will be created e. dir-arc – this command requires two objects that have nodes and relation name and makes a directed arc between them f. undir-arc – this command requires two objects that are added to nodes and relation name and makes non-directed (symmetric) arc between them these commands can take any object, but for now we will use strings g. printout, delete – these commands require an index or name for the object to be shown or deleted if delete takes two arguments it deletes the corresponding arc, of it gets only one, it deletes a node, if printout takes one argument it prints a node, if it takes two arguments it prints the fact that an arc exists between two nodes h. rectangle, circle – these commands take 3 (or 4) arguments and make corresponding instance of DrawObject subclasses This class is the main class of the application. Implement main method in this...
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...is something that is more common now than back 50 or 60 years ago. More parents and schools are educating adolescents in sex education. When it comes time for parents to their sons and daughters the mother-daughter relationship is the most significant. As for the sex education in the public school system, there is actually a debate between public schools whether to teach sex education in the public school system and what to teach. In some states they have decided to teach sex education and some have decided not to Sex education has many significances in an adolescent’s youth and where they learn it and who educates them about it can result in good and bad outcomes. “Some evidence suggests that compared with Caucasian American Families, African American families may better prepare girls for menarche” (Berk). Mothers are known to be the parent to form that relationship with their adolescent daughter about puberty and sex. When mothers talk to their daughters the two things that the mothers mainly mention are marital sex and menstruation. Unfortunately, not all females have that family support when it comes to talking about puberty and sex. According to the book Family Relations, females who had no sex education were just as likely to engage in premarital sex as females with some background of education. When it comes to parents educating boys, wet dreams and masturbation were the two things that parents (fathers) decided to talk about with their sons. Wet dreams are a perceived...
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...of what has been modeled to them. Consequently, children will become introjected by the beliefs of the parent or primary caregiver who is raising the child (Gehart & Tuttle, 2003). Therefore, until the child feels safe and begins to trust and open up with the therapist the early projections may be that of their caregivers. Long and Young (2007) report, understanding the internal object or where the person developed their beliefs is crucial in the practice of object relations theory. Thus, finding out what attachment the child or adolescent has developed with their mother, parents, or primary caregiver can indicate where their projections originate....
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...develop multinational corporations which prepare mangers to operate efficiently within other cultures. This is a theory of social action which is based on the assumption that when two or more people interact, each gains some kind of psychological benefit from the exchange. The ego state (parent-Adult-child) is based on two notions first we have three parts or “ego-states” to our “personality, and secondly that these converse with one another in “transactions”(hence the name). TA is a very common model used in therapy and there is a great deal written about it. This type of psychology examines the transaction between a person and other people. This is being used within relationship marketing to develop good human relations with customers. Transactional analysis is a method of understanding behavior in interpersonal dynamics. When you talk to someone about anything, you are involved in interpersonal dynamics, and a series of transactions take place. An organization is a product of the process of its human relations. Organizations have trained their employees in Transaction analysis to improve their ability to handle difficult personal situations. THREE EGO STATES Parent- taught concept Child-felt concept Adult-learned concept Start by defining what Ego is, According to long man dictionary it states that, Ego is the opinion that you have about yourself. Three ego states, types of transactions, Ego states according to Berne, we all have three major ego states that affect...
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...integration and positive cooperation in the education of individuals with its scientific and professional methods in breeding and directed learner. * Family and education The family is a pillar of the building a sound education, so that the mother and father are the first teacher of the child • The home is a primary agency of education. It is an informal but active agency. Family is also called an original social institution which gave birth to other organizations. Every individual is born in a family and socialization takes place there at first. It is an important institution for child-rearing. The child is introduced to the culture of the society in the family itself and fulfils his needs Physical, emotional, psychological and social. He gets his fundamental education through interaction with others in the family. There is an atmosphere of congenial love, affection, sympathy and understanding in the family and this promotes mutual interaction and informal education. Happy family is the ideal place for the growth of the child's personality. The child lives there most of the time and imitates as well as emulates most of the qualities of his family members. The harmonious...
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...single parent is a parent who lives with one or more children without the second parent. Usually the definition of single parenting depends upon the local laws, but there are other cases as well, for example if a parent is left alone after the divorce, after another parent just leaves the family or the child, if the second parent is put to the jail or is dead. It is not necessary that the single parent is natural mother or father of the child, some people choose to adopt a child or become a parent through artificial insemination or just take care of a child, who was left by his natural parents. The household of a single parent differs a lot from a usual household. Certainly all situations are unique, some people choose the path of single parenting consciously, and some are made to bring the child up alone. There are a lot of negative moments about single parenting, there are some positive as well. For example, if a person takes care of a child alone, he has always the freedom to choose and to make all the decisions on his own. On the other hand making decisions can be really hard sometimes and really often people feel the need for somebody’s support and a piece of advice. Usually single parents do not have enough time to do all the house work and thus involve children from the early age in doing chores. Single parents have to discuss most of house matters that should be actually solved with another parent, with their children like with adults. In case the other parent is alive...
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...paper reviews the interrelationship among family structure, patterns of single parent decision making and deviant behavior among adolescents. It reviews family income and non custodial parent involvement. Patterns of family decision making and family structure both have a significant effect on adolescent deviance behavior. Data on the child’s behavior, the child’s life at home, and parental relation with the child are collected through self reports. Understanding the family structure can have an important role in the intervention and prevention of deviant behavior in the child. More parental monitoring was associated with less delinquency in a single parent household. We examine family structure including two parent families, single mother families, single father families, and stepfamilies. This paper addresses the implications of different theories and findings designed to reduce deviance. Single Parent Home Effect on Adolescence Deviant behavior among youth has increased in the United States (Steinberg, 1987). According to the Nature and Meaning of Deviance (2008), Deviant behavior is described as actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms including enacted rules and social norms. This paper will examine the social factors associated with deviant behavior among juveniles. It will explore the correlation, if any, between single parent homes and the rise in deviant behavior in juveniles. The two disciplines, Psychology...
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...Human Sciences. Paper 164. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss/164 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Education and Human Sciences, College of (CEHS) at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AS PREDICTORS FOR PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN LOW-INCOME CHILDREN by Xiaoyu Li A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Major: Child, Youth, & Family Studies Under the Supervision of Professor Soo-Young Hong Lincoln, Nebraska November, 2012 FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AS PREDICTORS FOR PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN LOW-INCOME CHILDREN Xiaoyu Li, M.S. University of Nebraska, 2012 Adviser: Soo-Young Hong The purpose of the current study was to examine the unique and collective contributions of...
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...This booklet will outline the orders made in relation to children. Parental responsibility is a legal relationship between a parent and their child as declared by the Children Act (1989). This definition outlines certain roles and responsibilities over children. Who has parental responsibility? Parental responsibility is when a parent or both parents are responsible the upbringing of their child. If a child is born in a setting where the mother and father aren’t married then the mother would have the parental responsibility over her child until the age of 18 which at that time the child is seen as an adult. Parents are required to: • Provide a home for the child • Protect, maintain and discipline the child. This includes sending them to school, and paying for medical treatment. • Naming the child and choosing their religion • Keeping contact with the child and living with them even outside the UK • Taking responsibility for the child’s possessions and deciding when to disclose confidential information about a child. When can it be terminated? Parental responsibility can be terminated when the child is 18, adopted or GillickCompetency.To leave their parents at a younger age than 18, the court will need to decide if you are mature enough and they do this by doing a test and this test is called The Gillick Test. If they pass this test then they will be able to do anything without the permission of their parents. This can breach the parental rights; here...
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...New York, NY. Mcgraw Hill. The social emotional development of the child plays a huge part of how the child will adjust to a school setting which will end up playing a part in every aspect of the child’s life now and as the child becomes an adult. The article shows us through various researches that there are several options on helping children from all different levels adjust. Having a high-quality experience in education, their social and emotional aspects of life will affect the children in a positive light and that child can be expected to live a successful life wherever they may go. In turn a non-balanced, stressful, and challenged child’s experience will not only affect their education portion of school but the social and emotional aspect as well. The emotional adjustment is a very important part of the child’s relationships with the teacher as well as the students. The child’s relationships will affect the whole educational process. Children who do not have a good rapport tend to have behavioral disturbances and educational downfalls. Those children commonly become our bully’s, delinquent’s, and school drop-outs. When behavior begins to go sour there are actions that the parents and school can take to reduce the downward spiral in the child’s life. Not often will the school and parents work together but when they do the results are typically at the top of the charts (Raver, 2003). Parents on their own can do a huge part of helping to shape their child’s social and...
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...Single parent home Ashley Reid Psy Topic proposal Capella University August 11, 2013, Year “Seventy percent of all children will spend all or part of their lives in a single parent home.”(Dowd)The family structure has changed significantly in the last fifty years with higher percentages of marriages ending in divorce, and higher rates of childbearing out of wedlock. In this study the writer will show that the children of these families are affected dramatically both negatively and positively? Problem Statement Children being raised in single parent homes have a higher chance of poverty, delinquency and high school failure. Background of Study The US census bureau reported that 30 percent of children live in a single parent home. Are children that are raised by one parent verses both parent receiving the short hand of the deal? Children with single parents were twice as likely to have psychiatric disorders, attempt suicide, and abuse alcohol, and three to four times more likely to use narcotic drugs”.(The Lancet,25 January 2003.) In 2009 the New York Times found that the time spent with a single parent during the formative preschool years seems to have particularly bad effects on a boy’s education,” (Shelia Fitzgerald Krein,, 2009.) Single mothers who work outside the home appear to provide greater incentive as role models for their daughters than there sons, The role-model influence in the case of the girls appears to compensate for the loss of the mother’s...
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...Life Word Count: 2,036 Literature Review The purpose of this study is to determine if child abuse and neglect affect social status, grade point averages (GPA), or psychological imbalances of individuals later in life. This study is important to address to the public of the long-term affects of abuse and neglect in relation to such topics. The subjects surveyed are college-aged students ranging from ages 18 to 25. This survey is based on abuse or neglect from the subject’s parents or guardians at any point from birth to age 16 or 18. The cut off age group is dependant upon how old the subject was once they moved out of the household. This study defines abuse as any form of intense ongoing verbal battery, unnecessary physical harm, or illegal sexual encounters directed to the subject via the parent or guardian. “The official federal definition of child abuse, state in the Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974, states, ‘…the physical or mental injury, sexual abuse, negligent treatment, or maltreatment of a child under the age of eighteen by a person who is responsible for the child’s welfare under circumstances which would indicate that the child’s health or welfare is harmed or threatened thereby’” (Gelles 1985). This study defines neglect as any form of lack of physical, cognitive, or affective care and support for the subject via parent or guardian. Physical care and support is based on the behavioral domain of individuals learning how...
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...emotional, economic, and social situations. Parents have a major influence in the development of children. The parent-child relationship exerts the most significant and compelling influence on his or her children’s development during childhood. Factors in society today, like poverty, unemployment, urbanization, increased population growth, increase in crimes and drug use, and the break up of the traditional family unit has families in a state of flux and re-definition. The results of these society-wide changes have many debilitating influences on parenthood, the parent-child relationship and the child’s development. In the following paragraphs is an overview of parental rights and roles in different parental settings, like single parents, grandparents, foster parents, and incarcerated women. Rights and Roles of the Single Parent The roles and responsibilities of single parents can be complicated for both single mothers and fathers. The situations are difficult no matter if the single parents are on opposite sides of a divorce, if it were the parent's choice to have a child on his or her own, or if it is a result of a death. According to (Burgess, 1970), the single-parent family is an ever-increasing phenomenon in contemporary American society. The goal of concerned, conscientious single parents is to bring their children up as healthy, mature child with a full sense of living as a normal loved and accepted person. As a single parent, it is necessary to represent both...
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...Abstract Various components influence the overall development of children. It is not simply the society in which each child is born and lives but certain and identifiable parts of the society. Although every aspect of child development involves genetics, environmental factors contribute significantly in the personality development of children. Subcultures of race/ethnicity, economic status, faiths/religion, and locality/region, in addition to particular groups such as friends and family distinctly affect each child. Throughout the lifespan, people constantly confront new or varying situations—both individual and societal—and need to understand how to adjust to these conditions. The most significant time of acculturation occurs during infancy and childhood, which establishes the foundation of every child’s future personality. However, whether one becomes an extrovert or introvert, a genius or average, enthusiastic or passive is contingent upon many unique effects and is not easy to foresee when a child is first born. Familial, associative, academic, and communal influence impacts one’s worldview—how one reasons, socializes and develops a sense of self. This research examines environmental influences—such as parenting styles and attachment; social economic status and parent stability; sibling positions and relations; neighborhood and peer groups, including school and mass media—on the personality development of children. The Role of the Environment in Personality Development...
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...financial instability, children suffer the most in the divorce situation. When a couple, who have children, divorces it affects the whole family. Children of divorced parents experience school and social related problems. Their routines are disrupted and they feel disconnected from one or the other parent. Custodial arrangements are another factor of impact for the children. This causes emotional stress and behavioral problems to develop within the child. Financial instability is another factor for children of divorced parents. In some cases a single parent household cannot maintain living conditions of the previous joint household. Children of couples, who divorce, are challenged in many different ways to cope with the reality of their new situation. These children often struggle in their environment due to many different factors but there are ways to help with the situation. The Impact of Divorce on Children The impact of divorce on children takes many different forms. From mental and physical health concerns to financial instability; children suffer the most in the divorce situations. When a couple, who have children, divorces it affects the whole family. Children of divorced parents experience school and social related problems. This often causes emotional stress and behavioral problems to develop within the child. Children of couples, who divorce, should seek out different ways to cope with the reality of their new situation. Mental Health Concerns The research indicators...
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