...of paranoia Assessment * Assessment tools and baseline measures * Individual belief ratings * Management of risk Case Formulation Treatment Plan & Interventions Evaluation Critical review References Appendix 1 – Assessment Summary (diagrammatic) Appendix 2 – Formation of paranoia Appendix 3 – Risk assessment and management Appendix 4 – Letters Appendix 5 – Judging by appearances a behavioural experiment Confidentiality statement The name and other identifiable information relating to this patient have been changed to maintain confidentiality. Introduction This case study describes the CBT assessment, formulation and treatment of delusions of persecution and associated paranoid beliefs. Referral Letter Roger, a 29 year old single man was referred to the Psychological Therapies Department. The letter noted that he had had one inpatient admission three years previously due to paranoia and risk of suicide. He was currently being supported by community mental health services. A differential diagnosis of Delusional Disorder – Paranoid Type, (ICD 10- F22.0) and Paranoid Personality Disorder (ICD 10 – F60.0) as defined by the ICD 10 manual (World Health Organisation, 1992) was indicated. Theoretical perspectives Delusions are irrational beliefs, held with a high level of conviction, that are resistant to change even when the delusional person is exposed to forms of proof that contradict the belief. Paranoia is driven by the anticipation of danger...
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...Voice Communications Guide Phonetic Alphabet | Letter | Word | Pronunciation | A | ALFA | AL FAH | B | BRAVO | BRAH VOH | C | CHARLIE | CHAR LEE or SHAR LEE | D | DELTA | DELL TAH | E | ECHO | ECK OH | F | FOXTROT | FOKS TROT | G | GOLF | GOLF | H | HOTEL | HOH TELL | I | INDIA | IN DEE AH | J | JULIETT | JEW LEE ETT | K | KILO | KEY LOH | L | LIMA | LEE MAH | M | MIKE | MIKE | N | NOVEMBER | NO VEM BER | O | OSCAR | OSS CAH | P | PAPA | PAH PAH | Q | QUEBEC | KEH BECK | R | ROMEO | ROW ME OH | S | SIERRA | SEE AIR RAH | T | TANGO | TANG GO | U | UNIFORM | YOU NEE FORM or OO NEE FORM | V | VICTOR | VIK TAH | W | WHISKEY | WISS KEY | X | XRAY | ECKS RAY | Y | YANKEE | YANG KEY | Z | ZULU | ZOO LOO | Number Pronunciation Guide | Numeral Spoken As 0 ZE RO 1 WUN 2 TOO 3 TREE 4 FOW ER 5 FIFE 6 SIX 7 SEV EN 8 AIT 9 ...
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...companies accountable for the prevalent discriminatory actions which have pervaded the system (Obama, 2009). However, HCERA opponents will continue to utilize legislative protocol to upend the policy. As with any perceived discrepancy in the legislative process, opponents of HCERA are outraged that the “Democratic leadership’s decision to “ram through” reform using budget reconciliation to modify the Senate-passed bill sufficiently to make it acceptable to the House” (Aaron & Reischauer, 2010). As much as “outrage” may have no legitimate place in policy-making, high emotions will nonetheless negatively affect future debate. The level of vitriol from the opposition to health care reform reached unprecedented heights, with people like Glen Beck comparing health care reform to Nazi eugenics. "You have three people in the White House that are in love with eugenics or whatever it is you would call it today. … Please dear God, read history. Please dear God read the truth of what these people have said in their own words, and ask yourself this one question: Do you trust these people enough to give them control over who...
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...Abnormal Psychology and Therapy Stella Cook April 30, 2012 Sarah Bihms MA Psychology Psychology 300 University of Phoenix College of Social Science Abnormal psychology is a field of study that is devoted to the study of mental dysfunction mental illness, psychopathology, maladjustment, and emotional disturbance. Abnormal behavior is expressed because of a psychological factor and can have features of deviance depending on the distress and the possibility of injury to their self or others. Abnormal psychology has a long history and has numerous types of dysfunction and abnormal psychology studies the causes and the possible treatments of the dysfunction of this disease. Primarily the research in the field has been done with Western perspectives and research method. Spiritually understanding of mental illness was recognized in ancient Western civilizations and in Eastern culture the scientific community has dismissed by the majority of the psychologist in modern times. The twentieth century there are two opposing perspectives on the etiology of mental disorders developed somatogenic physical origins and psychogenic psychological origins. The two have produced research and treatment methods. In abnormal...
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...DISCUSS AND CRITICALLY ANALYSE YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY WITH REFERENCE TO TWO ‘COMMON MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS’ INTRODUCTION In trying to discuss and critically analyse an understanding of psychopathology, I will propose to use the relevant theory from the perspective of two common mental health disorders; Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Major Depressive Episode (MDE).. I decided to focus on these two common mental health disorders as both hold particular interest for me. MDE- What struck me most in researching this topic was the relative ease with which someone could find themselves diagnosed with MDE under current DSM-IV guidelines. Possibly without them having awareness of their impending path and journey into mental health difficulties. I was impacted by BPD in regards to its more challenging behaviours to the therapist, who may be dealing with a client existing between borderline and psychotic worlds. I will explore the application of two theoretical approaches, namely humanistic and cognitive behavioural in relation to these mental health disorders. I will also demonstrate the importance of cultural difference in relation to understanding mental health issues and I will highlight the role risk assessment plays in the provision of supports for clients and the therapists. I will also demonstrate the importance of supervision and record keeping and I will conclude the essay...
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...Social Education Social education is becoming as an essential academic discipline, which not only does include personal relationships, but comprises of communication, health education as well as understanding of the community and the environment. However it also qualifies people to deliver milieu therapy that is one considered to be one segment of the social education. For instance inhabitation and rehabilitation facilities to individuals with mental, physical and/or societal disabilities with intellectual incapacities signify a key target cluster within social edification (Coffield et al. 2004). The expertise of social educator’s delivers a unique source for interdisciplinary exertion. The amalgamation of health and social attention, pedagogic and psychology empowers the social instructor to view possessions in an interdisciplinary outlook. Acquaintance with the dynamics and practices in innumerable disciplines also provides the social educator a constructive basis for interdisciplinary collaboration with people in other professions, like nurses, doctors, social workers, psychologists and pedagogues. Social skills form the foundation for social proficiency. Moreover, Bremer and Smith (2004, p.11) have defined the social competence as “the point to which students are able to establish as well as maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships. Along with gaining the peer acceptance, upholding friendships, and terminate negative or maleficent interpersonal relationships”...
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...Digital Story Reading As a Tool for Vocabulary Acquisition among Preschool Children Maiya Bianca Aguila, Alwyn John Lim & Catherine Francia De La Salle University Manila August 2013 Vocabulary acquisition is an essential part of young children’s literacy development, particularly their reading skills. It has been seen that acquiring a normal vocabulary is prerequisite for reading comprehension (Becker, 1977; Chall & Conard, 1991: Chall et al., 1990). This means that for a child to become a successful reader by the time he enters elementary he must be able to acquire the vocabulary necessary for his age. However, unlike phonics and other literacy skills, building basic vocabulary requires continuing support and there must be ongoing effort to introduce and explain new vocabulary (Hassan, 2012). Although the usual approach of presenting students with list of words to be mastered has been proven effective, research tells us that a great deal of vocabulary acquisition can take place through reading (Cho &n Choi, 2008; Elley, 1989, 1991; Vivas, 1996; Mason & Krashen, 2004; Krashen, 2004; Wang & Lee, 2007). As early as infants, children are being exposed to printed storybooks where they encounter new words to enhance their vocabulary. Research shows that reading to babies and toddlers yields promising results. Children who were exposed to story reading at an early age demonstrate greater language comprehension and larger vocabularies (Jacobson...
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...Abstract Financial intermediation is an important activity in the economy because it allows funds to be channeled from people who might otherwise not put them to productive use to people who will ultimately put the funds to productive uses. In line with the assumption that banking sector plays an important role in financing the investment projects, successive governments in Nigeria have carried out reforms and institutional innovations in the banking sector. The overall intention of these reforms has been to ensure financial stability so as to influence the growth of the economy and also enhance banks to play a critical role of financial intermediation in Nigeria. However, despite the fact that Nigerian banks have undergone series of restructuring/reforms aimed at strengthening the banks’ ability to efficient service delivery and fund the real sector, problems such as; inefficiency in allocating funds to the real sector, lack of long-dated funding, neglect of the core private sector in terms of credit extension, weak capacity of the banks to fund the real sector, low-level activities of banks, and illiquidity still lingers. This study therefore, examines empirically the impact of financial intermediation on the development of the Nigerian economy with the aim of determining the importance of financial intermediaries and its influence. This study found out that the financial intermediaries (banks) in Nigeria exhibit inefficiency and weak capacity in the allocation of funds to...
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...Unli icense Squad L ed Lists Version 1.0 O October 2010 Retail Release y Created by foxtrot Last U Updated: 03/10/2010 20:10 0 1 Conte ents Europe ................................................ ........... 3 Bosnia & Herzegovina ............. ....................................................... 3 Montene ............................... egro ....................................................... 3 Serbia ........................................ ....................................................... 3 a ....................................................... 4 Slovakia ..................................... Ukraine ...................................... ....................................................... 4 ....................................................... 4 Wales ......................................... Algeria ....................................... ....................................................... 5 ....................................................... 5 Angola ....................................... ....................................................... 5 Guinea ....................................... ....................................................... 6 Mali............................................. o ....................................................... 6 Morocco .................................... Nigeria ....................................... ....................................................... 6 .........
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...Social Psychology * How people influence one another * We have a bio need for social interaction * Social isolation activates areas of cingulate cortex (also associated w/ physical pain) * We seek to conform to a group (evolutionarily) Social Facilitation: The presence of others enhances our performance 1897 – 1st social psych experiment – bicyclist’s bike faster when racing others rather than the clock Social Disruption: Presence of others worsens performance (usually when task is difficult Attribution Assigning a cause to someone’s behavior (Why you are acting the way you are) Internal Attribution Saying that the cause of a behavior is because of an internal personality (This person acts this way because that’s the way she is) External Attribution Attribute cause of behavior to something external (The person is acting this way because of an external reason- life problems) Fundamental Attribution Error Lee Ross (1977) Tendency to overuse the internal attribution for other behavior, but underused it for yourself (for ourselves, we use the external attribution) Social Comparison theory Leon Festinger (1954) We evaluate our own beliefs, reactions, behaviors by comparing them to others. Can lead to mass hysteria When entire group behaves irrationally Most likely when situation is ambiguous “Collective delusions” entire group is convinced of something false Conformity Tendency to conform behavior as a result of...
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...Brain Sci. 2012, 2, 347-374; doi:10.3390/brainsci2030347 OPEN ACCESS brain sciences ISSN 2076-3425 www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/ Review Internet and Gaming Addiction: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging Studies Daria J. Kuss * and Mark D. Griffiths International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4BU, UK; E-Mail: mark.griffiths@ntu.ac.uk * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: daria.kuss@ntu.ac.uk; Tel.: +44-789-111-94-90. Received: 28 June 2012; in revised form: 24 August 2012 / Accepted: 28 August 2012 / Published: 5 September 2012 Abstract: In the past decade, research has accumulated suggesting that excessive Internet use can lead to the development of a behavioral addiction. Internet addiction has been considered as a serious threat to mental health and the excessive use of the Internet has been linked to a variety of negative psychosocial consequences. The aim of this review is to identify all empirical studies to date that used neuroimaging techniques to shed light upon the emerging mental health problem of Internet and gaming addiction from a neuroscientific perspective. Neuroimaging studies offer an advantage over traditional survey and behavioral research because with this method, it is possible to distinguish particular brain areas that are involved in the development and maintenance of addiction. A systematic literature search was conducted, identifying 18 studies. These studies...
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...POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: LITERATURE REVIEW OF RISK FACTORS AND INTERVENTIONS Donna E. Stewart, MD, FRCPC E. Robertson, M.Phil, PhD Cindy-Lee Dennis, RN, PhD Sherry L. Grace, MA, PhD Tamara Wallington, MA, MD, FRCPC ©University Health Network Women’s Health Program 2003 Prepared for: Toronto Public Health October 2003 Women’s Health Program Financial assistance by Health Canada Toronto Public Health Advisory Committee: Jan Fordham, Manager, Planning & Policy – Family Health Juanita Hogg-Devine, Family Health Manager Tobie Mathew, Health Promotion Consultant – Early Child Development Project Karen Wade, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Planning & Policy – Family Health Mary Lou Walker, Family Health Manager Karen Whitworth, Mental Health Manager Copyright: Copyright of this document is owned by University Health Network Women’s Health Program. The document has been reproduced for purposes of disseminating information to health and social service providers, as well as for teaching purposes. Citation: The following citation should be used when referring to the entire document. Specific chapter citations are noted at the beginning of each chapter. Stewart, D.E., Robertson, E., Dennis, C-L., Grace, S.L., & Wallington, T. (2003). Postpartum depression: Literature review of risk factors and interventions. POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: LITERATURE REVIEW OF RISK FACTORS AND INTERVENTIONS Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 OVERALL METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK 5 CHAPTER 1: RISK FACTORS FOR...
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...Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly Volume 20, Number 3 • 2006 Principles of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders in Children Elizabeth A. Gosch, PhD, ABPP Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine Philadelphia, PA Ellen Flannery-Schroeder, PhD, ABPP University of Rhode Island, Kingston Christian F. Mauro, PhD Scott N. Compton, PhD Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC This article elucidates the theoretical underpinnings of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) as applied to the treatment of anxiety disorders in children, focusing on social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and separation anxiety disorder. It reviews behavioral and cognitive theories that have influenced this approach. We argue that it is necessary to understand the essential components of this approach in the context of these theories in order to provide effective, clinically sensitive, and child-focused treatment. Components discussed include assessment, psychoeducation, affective education, self-instruction training, cognitive restructuring, problem solving, relaxation training, modeling, contingency management, and exposure procedures. Hypothesized key processes, such as the need to be experiential in treatment, are presented for consideration. Keywords: anxiety; children; cognitive behavior therapy; theory A nxiety disorders are among the most common mental health disorders in youth with / \ prevalence rates ranging from 12% to 20% (Achenbrach...
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...JAN DISCUSSION PAPER JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING The use of theory in qualitative approaches to research: application in end-of-life studies Hung-Lan Wu & Deborah L. Volker Accepted for publication 24 July 2009 Correspondence to D.L. Volker: e-mail: dvolker@mail.nur.utexas.edu Hung-Lan Wu PhD RN Nursing Instructor Meiho Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan Deborah L. Volker PhD RN AOCN Associate Professor The University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, Austin, Texas, USA W U H . L . & V O L K E R D . L . ( 2 0 0 9 ) The use of theory in qualitative approaches to research: application in end-of-life studies. Journal of Advanced Nursing 65(12), 2719–2732. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05157.x Abstract Title. The use of theory in qualitative approaches to research: application in end-of-life studies. Aim. This paper is a report of an analysis of the use of theory in qualitative approaches to research as exemplified in qualitative end-of-life studies. Background. Nurses researchers turn to theory to conceptualize research problems and guide investigations. However, researchers using qualitative approaches do not consistently articulate how theory has been applied, and no clear consensus exists regarding the appropriate application of theory in qualitative studies. A review of qualitative, end-of-life studies is used to illustrate application of theory to study design and findings. Data sources. A review of theoretical literature was carried out, focusing on definitions...
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...Attachment, in dictionary terms, means affection, fondness, or sympathy for someone or something. In psychotherapy, attachment theory refers to how those attachments impact human interpersonal relations. Attachment theory was first conceptualised by John Bowlby, a psychoanalyst who dedicated his time to studying the affectional bonds which form between a child and his primary caregiver. In Segal and Jaffe (2013), the affectional bond is simply but realistically defined as one's first love relationship. Bowlby referred to attachment as a lasting psychological connectedness between human beings. This bond is initially formed by the first attachment figure a person comes across in life. This is in most cases is the mother. In other situations, it may be a father, or where a child is orphaned or put in foster care, it could vary. It refers to anyone who remains in a central role in a child's life for at least the first three to five years. This period is crucial because it is when a child's brain rapidly develops. Bowlby (1984) says that attachment behaviour is most active and overt before the age of three but the need for attachment figures remains throughout life. Bretherton (1985) found that after three, it is less frequent and noticeable as the child gains increased abilities to protect itself and coping skills. Attachment behaviour is however more noticeable during times of exceptional stress. According to Segal and Jaffe (2013), an attachment bond shapes an infant's brain...
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