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Why Do Air Medical Services Use Gas Laws?

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Gas laws apply in many everyday activities and daily necessities including air travel and recreation. Air medical services use gas laws in order to understand how the changes in altitude affect people, equipment and the internal environment of the aircraft. Several laws affect air travel including Boyle’s law, Henry’s law, Dalton’s law and Graham’s Law. Boyle’s law is relevant as it explains how pressure changes allow the gas to expand (Monroney, 2013). Dalton’s law transfers oxygen molecules from a person’s lungs to their bloodstream depending on the pressure gradient. Henry’s Law relates to the pressure of a gas over liquid (solubility).
Within humans physiology the three physiological zones within the atmosphere are utilised to control conditions. Between sea level and 3 048 metres above sea level …show more content…
In this zone oxygen levels are adequate to maintain an average person fit without the need of special protective equipment. At 3 048 metres the barometric pressure will drop by a third, from 101.3kPa to 69.73kPa. Changes in pressure during wither ascents or descents at this level may result in middle ear or sinus problems. At higher altitudes within this zone respiration and heart rate increase as well as blood vessel dilate in order to adapt to the decrease in atmospheric pressure and oxygen concentration. At an altitude between 3 048 metres and 15 240 metres above sea level is the physiologically deficient zone. At this altitude atmospheric pressure decreases to approximately 10% of atmospheric pressure at sea level. Dalton’s law come into effect as the partial pressure of oxygen decreases. Above 15 240 metres above sea level, human life would not be possible to sustain without presence of an artificial environment. Once Armstrong’s Line is reached (19 202.4 metres),

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