...has come at a tremendous cost to the country’s environment. China has experienced an economic growth rate averaging 10 percent per year for more than 20 years. But sustained growth and the health of the country are increasingly threatened by environmental deterioration and constraints, particularly around water. Water is critical for economic growth and well-being; conversely, economic activities have an impact on water availability and quality. When water resources are limited or contaminated, or where economic activity is unconstrained and inadequately regulated, serious social problems can arise. And in China, these factors have come together in a way that is leading to more severe and complex water challenges than in almost any other place on the planet. II. Water Problems and Possible Solutions China’s water resources are over allocated, inefficiently used, and grossly polluted by human and industrial wastes, to the point that vast stretches of rivers are dead and dying, lakes are cesspools of waste, groundwater aquifers are over-pumped and unsustainably consumed, uncounted species of aquatic life have been driven to extinction, and direct adverse impacts on both human and ecosystem health are widespread and growing. Of the 20 most seriously polluted cities in the world, 16 are in China. The major watersheds of the country all suffer severe pollution. Three hundred million people lack access to safe drinking water. Desertification, worsened by excessive withdrawals of surface...
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...The whole water crisis in China is a major problem. Imagine, every day not being able to drink clean water to drink at all. You would always be thirsty. The people who command these reasons are the government. The government is in charge of the prices of the water. If the government raises the prices of water less people would want to use it. If the government lowers the prices more people would use it but people would be wasteful (Doc B). A second reason for China’s ongoing water scarcity is global warming. The glaciers seasonal melting keeps the rivers flowing during the dry season (Doc A). The melting will cause massive flooding. The glaciers are shrinking 7% each year (Doc A). China is expected to pass India by population. The melting...
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...Water Shortage Water shortage is a growing problem for most countries in the world. For the China, which has 20% of world’s population and only 7% of available water resources, this problem may become catastrophic (Hofstedt 2010, 72). Therefore some actions and measures should be performed to avoid or at least to weaken future water crisis in China. In this work the following three solutions will be proposed and analyzed in terms of efficiency and applicability: water usage efficiency improvement; adopting the local agencies on controlling water resources; reasonable water pricing. Most of water consumed in China is not rationally used. The cause which intensifies the water shortage in China is water inefficient use. For instance, 65%-70% of Chinese water usage is spent on agricultural needs, but more than half of this amount evaporates percolates and loses (Roberts 2009). Besides, majority of another 20%-25% which is occupied by China’s industry is not recycled (Brown 2008a, 16; Roberts 2009). Obviously, improving water distribution technologies and management quality can be one of the options to reduce the water scarcity in China. There are many different methods of improving the water distribution efficiency. Firstly, irrigation technologies should be improved. Farmers in China may use drip and shrink irrigation methods instead of traditional “surface” ones such as furrow and flood irrigation. Drip irrigation method is used mostly in arid and semi-arid zones and it increases...
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...China’s Water Woes: A Tug of Water Between Economic Growth & Sustainable Development China’s Water Woes: A Tug of Water Between Economic Growth & Sustainable Development When we think about water, we never think of it in finite terms like we do with oil and other valuable resources we consume. After all, why should we think of water as a limited supply? Our entire planet is covered with 75 percent water. It is implausible to believe that countries would go to war over water as they have for oil. Due to rapid economic growth, China is increasingly becoming a water stressed country as it faces two major problems with its water resource management: water pollution and water shortage. The water crises needs to be examined in finite terms as its quantity and quality continues to have a strangle hold on China. “China’s economic boom has, in a ruthless symmetry, fueled an equal and opposite environmental collapse. In its race to become the world’s next superpower, China is not only draining its rivers and aquifers with abandon; it is also polluting what’s left so irreversibly that the World Bank warns of catastrophic consequences for future generations.” (Larmer 2008, 153) Rapid economic growth and along with an increase in population is fueling environmental degradation and is becoming increasingly detrimental to its current and future economic growth in China. The gap between economic growth and environmental...
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...Water is a necessity for all living things. It keeps us hydrated, it makes plants grow, and much more. Unfortunately, China cannot enjoy water because they are currently facing a water scarcity crisis with almost no water to survive. There are many causes to this problem. China has changed from a poor country to a country leading industrial powers of the 21st century and this crisis can make the country go back to where it started. China relies on their three main rivers; the Yangtze, Yellow, and Pearl Rivers for water and there are some glaciers that are shrinking, which is bad because that's one of the ways the rivers get fresh water. At first glance the water situation wasn't so bad in China, but in north China the water situation is...
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...PepsiCo and PepsiCo Greater China About PepsiCo PepsiCo is a global food and beverage leader with net revenues of more than $65 billion and a product portfolio that includes 22 brands that generate more than $1 billion each in annual retail sales. Our main businesses – Quaker, Tropicana, Gatorade, Frito-Lay and Pepsi-Cola – make hundreds of enjoyable foods and beverages that are loved throughout the world. PepsiCo’s people are united by our unique commitment to sustainable growth by investing in a healthier future for people and our planet, which we believe also means a more successful future for PepsiCo. We call this commitment Performance with Purpose: PepsiCo’s promise to provide a wide range of foods and beverages for local tastes; to find innovative ways to minimize our impact on the environment by conserving energy and water and reducing packaging volume; to provide a great workplace for our associates; and to respect, support and invest in the local communities where we operate. In recognition of the continued sustainability efforts, PepsiCo was named for the fourth time to the Dow Jones Sustainability Index of the World (DJSI World) and for the fifth time to the Dow Jones Sustainability Index of North America (DJSI North America) in 2010. In 2011, PepsiCo is ranked as the No. 1 company in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) Food and Beverage supersector. PepsiCo is also named the beverage sector leader for the third consecutive year. ...
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...China should not be permitted to claim the Spratly and Paracel Islands as its territories because it is a direct violation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. If they are not challenged, the surrounding nations will not be able to use these waters to engage in trade, nor will they be able to reap the profits of the natural resources, and fighting will erupt. Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, China has laid claim to several archipelagos in the South China Sea with The Spratly and Paracel Islands receiving the most attention. However, several countries in close proximity to the islands claim them also. The Council on Foreign Relations website (http://www.cfr.org) stated the South China Sea encompasses an area of about 1.3 million mi2 and China seeks to own it all. If not settled appropriately, the controversy over these territorial waters will lead to war. This area is rich in natural resources and is a very important passageway for international trade. According to the Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea first...
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...Assignment Topic: China’s Deadly Water Problem And Corporate Social Responsibility Deficiencies (Issues arising from the dead pigs found floating in a Shanghai river) 【Abstract】 There is an old saying in Chinese culture that the appearance of a fat pig at the front door augurs abundance and good fortune. However, the sight of more than 16,000 pig carcasses floating on the Huangpu River portends something else entirely. As Huangpu River is a major source of drinking water for 23 million Shanghai residents, the incident caused mass panic, especially in Shanghai. The following report will firstly illustrate the specific background of the incident, followed by the analysis of the two major issues raised from the incident, which are China’s deadly water problem and corporate responsibility deficiencies. Finally, conclusions will be drawn, and recommendations will be provided to organisations in terms of the management of social responsibility. 【Background of the Issue】 The development of the incident follows the following timeline: * On 7th March 2013, a user on Weibo (known as Chinese Twitter) posted few photos showing that there were lots of dead pigs floating on the river near his home. Suddenly, the post was forwarded by over eight hundred users that caught the public and even the government’s attention. Shanghai Ministry of Environmental Protection promptly started to salvage pig carcasses, however, the number of dead pigs were far more than what had been...
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...most of the world, but it represents the price that China has paid for its rapid economic growth trajectory. As cities sprout from villages and a labor force in the hundreds of millions is mobilized, China has experienced a double-digit GDP growth for much of the past thirty years. This growth however is under threat from several sources. The environmental consequences of growth are just one threat. China also faces chronic resource shortages – its industry does not want for coal but the Chinese people do struggle for things such as shortages of oil, food and clean water. The PRC also faces political tests as well, including Taiwan, Tibet and Xinjiang. Political tensions with the former could destabilize all of Asia if not the world. The tensions in the western part of China represent the social unrest that the Communist government’s march towards wealth has created. Even amongst Han, there is considerable disparity of wealth between regions and classes, and these disparities may very well threaten China’s future. This paper will analyze each of these critical issues in turn, and then synthesize the issues into an assessment for the future of China’s economic growth. All economies depend on resources for their growth. Output is determined by the availability of labor, energy and raw materials. The former has not experienced overall shortage, although there are concerns about the rural labor force in some areas. China is, however, facing critical shortages of both energy...
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...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS THE CHINA-INDIA-PAKISTAN WATER CRISIS: PROSPECTS FOR INTERSTATE CONFLICT by James F. Brennan September 2008 Thesis Co-Advisors: Alice Lyman Miller Feroz Khan Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2008 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis: Prospects for 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Interstate Conflict 6. AUTHOR(S) James F. Brennan, Lieutenant, United States Navy 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY...
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...China's horrible water mystery How can anybody go without water, if you think about it you can’t, well the people in china go through this every day. In north China they have a scarcity of water. The government is trying to bring it to attention. By limiting water use and transporting water to the north. There are three main causes of China’s water scarcity crisis: Population and Urbanization,Water pollution, and industrialization. Of these, the biggest driver is industrialization. One reason for China’s water shortage is due to the over growing population of chinese people.First from 1980 to 2011 the population has grown by 36 billion people. (Doc B) Second more people are using meat and alcohol which uses water. (Doc B)Last urban...
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...life environment. In this situation, a series of social problem emergence such as water shortage, environment problem etc. Above all individuals concentrate on the water issues. The development of human society depends much on a great variety of natural resources, and water is one of them. As is well known, water resource plays a important role performs a significant function in our professional and daily life. However, water resources now is decreasing. Human society is suffering from water shortage. Earth looks like the Blue Planet. It is reported that more than 71 percent of the earth's surface is covered by water. However, the fresh water only take up 0.3 percent of the water resources. It means that we are a lack of water. As a matter of fact, many countries have the same problem.China which is a developing country. 'China's total water resource availability is estimated about 2800 cubic kilometers per year, accounting for 6.59 percent of the world. As it has the biggest population, 1.34 billion or 20 percent of the world at the end of 2010. its water possession per capita is only about 2100 cubic meters, less than one-third of the world average.'(Peilin Wu and Minghong Tan, Procedia Environmental Sciences) Actually, China is short of water resource especially some areas which is in the north of China. With the economic grows up rapidly, such as Beijing the capital of China. Though the life quality is better than other areas. The human start to build their...
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... Impact of the issue on the world 3 Impact of the issue in the U.A.E 4 Comparison of the issue U.A.E. V.S China 4 Conclusion 5 References 5 Introduction Pollution is the contaminates of the natural environment. There are many types of pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, land pollution. It’s an important issue because its more safer and healthier to live in clean environment. Causes and effects Causes and effects of Air Pollution: * Industries * Vehicles and Domestic fuels * High proportion of gases such as: A. Carbon monoxide: produced when carbon do not burn to fossil fuels. Takes away oxygen from the body which leads to headaches, fatigue, and impaired vision. B. Sulfur dioxide: produced when coal and fuel oil are burned. Causes respiratory symptoms and disease, difficulty in breathing which can lead to asthma. C. Nitrogen dioxide: produced when nitric oxide combines with oxygen in the atmosphere. Affects lungs and increases the chance of respiratory infection. D. Ground level ozone: Ozone protects Earth from sun’s harmful UV rays at upper level. While at ground level ozone is harmful toxins formed from car, power, and chemical plant use. In China around 656,000 people die each year because of air pollution. In India, around 527,700 people suffer from air pollution a year. Water Pollution: it can be: A. Point Source : * Waste goods from factories * Waste from sewage system ...
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...One of the most serious problems that China faces today is water pollution. Beijing, Capital of China, just like many other Chinese cities, it is suffering from high levels of water pollution. A report made by the state of environmental agency concluded that the level of pollution in Beijing’s water sources is not safe. Another investigation made by the Environmental Protection Supervision Center of North China shows that the north Canal, which provides water to more than 70% of Beijing’s total population had a level of pollution that is 95 times higher than what is considered safe. “Zhao Feihong”, a water researcher in Beijing healthcare association states that there is in Beijing over 100 rivers, however only two or three of them are safe to be used for tap water. These and many more reports made, show that the water sources in Beijing are not safe to drink, however, what are the causes and effects of this pollution? Now, I will be discussing the causes and effects of water pollution in Beijing, and how it differs from other mega cities in the world, such as Jakarta, and New York. With being one of the largest population cities in the world, it’s not surprising to see a huge amount of wastewater produced in Beijing. Due to untreated urban sewage, this wastewater which contains human waste, washing water, urban runoff, industrial wastewater, etc. often end up in the drinking water supplies that Beijing’s citizens consume. In addition to that, the lacks of enforcement of environmental...
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...______________ TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 COMPANY OVERVIEw 2 PRODUCTION 2 MARKETING 2 OPERATIONS 3 Organizational Structure 3 Regional Structure 3 Foreign Operations 4 Expansion in China 4 Rising Costs in the US 5 VISION 2020 6 PROBLEMS 6 LOSS OF LOCAL BUSINESS 6 WATER WARS 7 RECOMMENDATIONS 8 CONCLUSION 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY 10 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Purpose: The purpose of this document is to summarize the following report on the structure and functionality of Coca-Cola. This report details some of the problems that the company is currently facing and recommends possible solutions. Company Overview: Coca-Cola is a multinational retailer of beverages and syrups to businesses around the globe. The marketing strategies, which Coca-Cola employs, must be tailored to the many cultures and languages present in the regions of sale. Employing over 94,000 people in more than 200 countries requires that Coca-Cola rely on a regional approach to marketing. Targeting preferences become easier, but costs increase with overlapping positions. Coca-Cola’s plan for the future focuses on building brand loyalty among younger generations and emerging markets. As of now, China has the third largest market for Coca-Cola with an expected 7 billion dollars invested by 2014. Problems: Coca-Cola is facing a loss of local business due to health...
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