...inequality and high levels of poverty. Without successfully conquering the underlying causes of conflict within the region, change in a positive direction for Latin America does not exist. This paper will define inequality as the most pressing problem that Latin American countries continue to face, and how inequality, discrimination, poverty, and crime violence stem from the underlying problem of inequality. As a result, social programs currently in place fail to properly address the issues of inequality and poverty within Latin America, thus being unsuccessful. In their literature review of the Southern Commands, Jorge Castaneda and Patricio Navia remind the reader that, “be it in the Caribbean heat or in the Andes-mountain cold, the uniform and lasting defining characteristic of Latin America is inequality” (82). They continue to explain that, “Latin America brings together – often within the same countries, same cities and occasionally even the same neighborhoods – the wealth and prosperity of the most-industrialized nations in the world and the dispossession, despair and hopelessness of the most deprived” (Castaneda, Navia 82). The visual image illustrated by the words of Castaneda and Navia helps bring to light the seriousness of inequality amongst those living within Latin America. Even as the economy prospers with growth, the benefits of such accomplishments are not reaching the entire population. Castaneda and Navia explain that, “[a]lthough poverty has...
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...Eugene Harmon Poverty in Latin America Inequality: The Most Political and Economic Problem in Latin America Throughout the years, Latin America has experienced dramatic political, social, and economic changes amongst its numerous countries. As time went on, various leaders brought grand ideas to the table in hopes of bettering the region. However, in most cases, the outcome was far from grand, failing to address social conflicts that derived from deep inequality and high levels of poverty. Without successfully conquering the underlying causes of conflict within the region, change in a positive direction for Latin America does not exist. This paper will define inequality as the most political and economic problem that Latin American countries continue to face, and how inequality, discrimination, poverty, and crime violence stem from the underlying problem of inequality. As a result, social programs currently in place fail to properly address the issues of inequality and poverty within Latin America, thus being unsuccessful. In their literature review of the Southern Commands, Jorge Castaneda and Patricio Navia remind the reader that, “be it in the Caribbean heat or in the Andes-mountain cold, the uniform and lasting defining characteristic of Latin America is inequality” (82). They continue to explain that, “Latin America brings together – often within the same countries, same cities and occasionally even the same neighborhoods...
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...Sakinah Jackson HUM 325 Professor Slavin June 1, 2014 The Controversy of Gender Pay Gap On behalf of women’s suffrage social activist have scrutinized the gender pay gap to promote social justice and propel lawmakers to remedy the economical injustices of women. Since the Equal Pay Act has been enacted by John F. Kennedy the gender pay gap has slowly narrowed. However, disparity of the gender pay continues to exist and until economical parity between the sexes is resolved controversy will invariably persist. Discrimination in the work force has been displayed statistically through reports from eminent sponsors. Capitol Hill reports that there is a 23 cent division between wages in the broad spectrum of work professions. What are the factors that contribute to this disparity? Critics who denounce gender discrimination in the work place, support the idea that the pay gap factors around the differences in women’s and men’s typical occupation preference. These supporters of this theory reinforce that, more women who acquire a degree are likely to study education and social services which are some of the lower paying professions. Men on the other hand are more likely to study engineering and medicine and this is the explanation for the variance. However, the culpability cannot be pointed at one single handedly thing. Even though discrimination does play a big factor, other aspects of the gender division contribute...
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...Education Is The Only Most Significant Aspect Of Economic Development For a country to grow economically there requires being engagement of human capital and skills. However, skill are created and enhanced through formal schooling. It is believed that economy interacts positively with education an aspect that leads to prosperity of a country’s economy. Since the advancement of technology, education becomes increasingly valuable as well as its utilization in various aspects on the job. By enabling employees to continue their education, they are more likely to improve their work rate and in doing so increase economic growth. In this view, the country needs to train and educate workers to enhance their performances in these industries. While it is believed that other factors such as economic policies, institutional quality, government, resources endowments, national resources, and cultures foster economic development, education is only significant factor that supports economic development. The modern economy is characterized by technology oriented goods and services. These qualities in the market require enhanced level of education to achieve the economic goals set by the country and the society. In order to use the products that serve the contemporary world, consumers are required to adopt the necessary information and knowledge about the commodities. Acquiring the important information on the product use is the act of education. Thus, through education, the quality...
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...2.3.1 Human Capital Human capital is not only an important asset with a vital role in the growth and development of an economy, it is also a good investment for promoting a better nation. Son (2010) highlighted human capital as a key factor of production, which contributes effectively to production function by transforming physical inputs into outputs in the form of goods and services. The findings also explained that the accumulation of human capital would improve labour productivity, facilitates technological innovations, increase returns on capital, enhance a more sustainable growth, which in turn facilitates a reduction in poverty in the macroeconomic perspective. Human capital was considered as a component of education that contributes...
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...less than promising. And if one goes by the words of Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru where he says “The achievements we celebrate today is but a step, an opening of opportunity, to the greater triumphs and achievements that awaits” It’s the right time to analyze and anticipate the challenge that awaits us if we aim to appear as a global giant by 2025 and devise a roadmap to tackle the same. One of striking feature of the great Indian story has been the paradox it has displayed. Despite being in the League of Nations who survive well the global recession and enjoys the optimism of international markets towards its fast growing economy, India still fair poorly in sectors like Infrastructure and Human development. With every fourth kid malnourished and every third person languishing below poverty line, the joy of seven percent growth rate turns bitter. The maternal mortality rate ie the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to...
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...Responsibility: Luthra Group SUBMITTED BY: ASHUTOSH KUMAR Leadership development through Corporate Social Responsibility You must be the change you wish to see in the world." -- Mahatma Gandhi Abstract: Gujarat Eco Textile Park Ltd. is the first of the many state-of-the-art eco-textile parks in India with specific focus on environment issues. It is being promoted by the Luthra Group of Companies who are known for setting up and operating infrastructure for environmental protection. Their waste management sites are built near villages in the outskirt of Surat, Gujarat. In a joint venture with IL&FS CDI, GETPL came up with a Garment training facility near Palsana village. The aim was to increase employment opportunity for the Below Poverty Line (BPL) beneficiaries of villages in and around Surat. This case will cover this initiative taken and its impact on the society and also how effective societal interface management requires effective leadership. Luthra Group The Luthra Group is one of the leading and well equipped processing houses of Surat, which ever since its inception has been moving ceaselessly on a growth track. Founded in the year 1980 and headquartered at Surat, the group has created a niche for itself as a progressive, forward-looking and entrepreneurial organization. The Luthra Group started its business with a Textile industry at Surat, and diversified into Infrastructure development and Environment Protection and is spreading geographically to several...
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...Arianne Cerize A. Aman The Meaning of Development: Brazil and Costa Rica Economic development is the presumed solution to absolute poverty and to many of the world's other most pressing problems. But what is development, and how do we know it when we see it? The term, development, has been used in several ways. Traditionally, it was equated with growth of per capita income. Since the 1970s, other indicators of development have become widely used by development scholars and development agencies such as the World Bank. The meeting of basic needs (or, equivalently, reduction in absolute poverty), the creation of modern employment opportunities, and the achievement of a less unequal distribution of income and farmland have all become important criteria in determining the level of development. Traditional measures of growth, especially in developing countries, may be misleading in that they fail to account for the environmental destruction that often accompanies spurts in temporary and unsustainable economic growth; and economists are devising measures of the national capital stock that includes environmental wealth. The United Nations has placed both educational attainment and health standards on equal footings with per capita income as development criteria, in the widely followed United Nations Development Program human development index (HDI). Some leading development scholars, such as Amartya Sen, Denis Goulet, and Dudley Seers, have gone further. They argue that more intangible...
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...A TERM PAPER ON UNDERSTANDING DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN AFRICA BY MADUEJEGBU ESTHER NNEKA MATRIC NUMBER 129086035 COURSE CODE –SOC 807 TITLE- SOCIOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT LECTURER: PROF. ADEDOKUN Understanding Demographic Trends Demographic trends reveal developments and changes in human population. More specifically, demographic trends relate to changes in a population’s age, gender, geographical location, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, household income, race, religion, and health. Africa is the second-largest and second most populous continent on earth with an estimated population in 2013 of 1.033 billion people. Africa is home to 54 recognized sovereign states and countries, 9 territories and 2 de facto independent states with very little recognition. Africa's population is not too large in relation to land area, but to reproducible capital, research and educational facilities, the entrepreneurial class, leadership and the available channels of economic diffusion. The UN PopulationFund stated in 2009 that thepopulationof Africa had hit the one billion mark and hadthereforedoubled in size over the course of 27 years. It's now estimated that Africa has a population of 1.033 billion people in 2013. The Population Fund’s Director Thoraya Obeid spoke to the BBC at the time and underlined the reasons behind the growing population. "Africa countries are all growing fast... because there is large number of women who have no access to planning...
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...Republic of South Africa is to ensure excellence performance in the matriculation results of its learners. High performance in this area reflects efficient and effective work done which culminates in the high standard of performance achieved. In spite of this stated aim, many High Schools continue to consistently register poor matriculation results over the last decade. Ogunbanjo (2001:14) states that in the past two decades, South Africa has witnessed continuous failure and poor performance among matriculates and that comparative result from 1980 to 1990 show a consistent decline in the pass rates and a rise in the failure rates. This situation is currently being faced by many schools in the Northern Cape. According to the minister of basic education Angie Mostshekga on the 2013 Matric Results, every province in South Africa increased its matric pass in 2013 except the Northern...
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...Introduction Education has remained a social process in capacity building and maintenance of society for decades. It is a weapon for acquiring skills, relevant knowledge and habits for surviving in our changing world. Education has become one of the most powerful weapons known to man for reducing poverty and inequality in modern societies. It is also used for laying the foundation for a sustainable growth and development of any nation. Education is a vital instrument in development; the National Policy on Education (1998) refers to it as an instrument "par excellence" for effecting national development. President Obasanjo’s government initiated a 10-year plan for Nigeria which will provided a framework for the future development of education in support of Nigeria’s national aspiration to be among the 20 top world economies by the year 20:20. Education has an immense impact on the human society. One can safely assume that a person is not in the proper sense till he is educated. It trains the human mind to think and take the right decision. In other words, man becomes a rational animal when he is educated. It is through education that knowledge and information is received and spread throughout the world. An uneducated person cannot read and write and hence he is closed to all the knowledge and wisdom he can gain through books and other mediums. Education constitutes the core of human development. It opens up opportunities for both individual and group empowerment. It is a vital...
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...erian novelJournal of Education and Practice ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol 2, No 4, 2011 www.iiste.org A Study on Gender Consciousness in Nigerian Autobiographical Narratives and Power of the Interview Ogunyemi, Christopher Babatunde Department of English, College of Humanities, Joseph Ayo Babalola University PMB 5006 Ilesa 233001 Osun State, Nigeria. bbcoguns2@yahoo.se Akindutire, Isaac Olusola Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education University of Ado Ekiti Ado Ekiti. Ekiti State, Nigeria ioakindutire@yahoo.com Adelakun, Ojo Johnson Department of Economics, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, PMB 5006 Ilesa 233001, Osun State, Nigeria joadelakun@yahoo.co.uk Abstract The study explores some self-created metaphors in male autobiographical writings in Nigeria. It visualizes the negation of female gender in art. The paper investigates the dichotomy of language, the use of irony and situational metaphors to displace conventional ones; it blends theories with critical evaluation of discourse. The research uses empirical methods in solving hypothetical questions with the use of extensive and relatively unstructured interviews. It examines the interviews of twenty five people independently, these people include: University lecturers, students, administrative and technical staff. The work analyzes concurrently their interview testimonies to search for congruence. Data analysis begins with a detailed microanalysis in which emergent concepts...
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...Urbanization Insert Name Here Insert Affiliation Here Urbanization/CASE Urbanization refers to the reallocation from a rustic to an urban social order due to shifts in global variants. It is a product of economic, political and social advancement that has paved the way for the emergence of large metropolis, cause a spike in the population density of the region. A survey predicted that half of the earth’s inhabitants would reside in urban centers towards the end of 2008 (United Nations). Intimately connected to the processes of modernization, industrialization and rationalization, the phenomenon has it genesis in the Renaissance period. Continuous attacks by the Turks caused the Christians to migrate from the east to the west of Europe. Consequently, the volume of trade rose and European cities besides the coastline progresses impressively. An additional push was given to urbanization upon the advent of the Industrial Revolution; the population density of European and American cities continued to intensify. For instance, the city of Chicago saw it population rise from fifteen individuals to over twenty million in a timeframe of seventy eight year. Yet, the phenomenon took hold of the Asian and African region only after sovereignty from colonial subjugation; in the first and second half of the 20th century, respectively (Howard Gillette Jr.). As mentioned before, the process of urbanization takes place when individuals abandon their rural lifestyle and migrate to...
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...Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, having met at Stockholm from 5 to 16 June 1972,having considered the need for a common outlook and for common principles to inspire and guide the peoples of the world in the preservation and enhancement of the human environment, Proclaims that: 1. Man is both creature and moulder of his environment, which gives him physical sustenance and affords him the opportunity for intellectual, moral, social and spiritual growth. In the long and tortuous evolution of the human race on this planet a stage has been reached when, through the rapid acceleration of science and technology, man has acquired the power to transform his environment in countless ways and on an unprecedented scale. Both aspects of man's environment, the natural and the man-made, are essential to his well-being and to the enjoyment of basic human rights the right to life itself. 2. The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world; it is the urgent desire of the peoples of the whole world and the duty of all Governments. 3. Man has constantly to sum up experience and go on discovering, inventing, creating and advancing. In our time, man's capability to transform his surroundings, if used wisely, can bring to all peoples the benefits of development and the opportunity to...
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...International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER) www.ijser.in ISSN (Online): 2347-3878 Volume 2 Issue 4, April 2014 Effects of Micro-Financing on Growth of Small and Micro Enterprises in Mombasa County Veronica W. Ngugi1, Dr F. Kerongo2 1 Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya, Department of Economics and Commerce, School of Human Resource Development 2 Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya, Department of Economics and Commerce, School of Human Resource Development loans to finance their business operations. The fundamental objective of this study was to assess the effects of Micro financing on growth of small and micro enterprises in Mombasa County. Despite access to credit SMEs growth remains a major problem. Access to credit should enable a business to achieve their growth objective. Despite this it is interesting to note that most of the SMEs could not survive third year of incubation period. Descriptive Survey method was employed in this study. The study adopted stratified and systematic random sampling method. The sample size was 157 SMEs. Semi-structured questionnaire was designed to facilitate the acquisition of data. Data was collected from 102 respondents, a response rate of sixty five percent. Sales, income and competitiveness were used as the independent variable while growth of SMEs as dependant variable. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data. Results indicated...
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