...assignment, a conscience effort has been made to understand the concepts of “Cross Cultural Management” (CCM). Before we get into the dept, it is important for us to understand “Culture” in broad terms. The expression “culture” can be defined as the inherited values, concepts, and ways of living which are shared by people of the same social group. To simplify further, culture is divided into two kinds; the first is “generic culture” which is essentially a shared culture of all humans living on this planet. The second is “local culture” which refers to symbols and schemas shared by a particular social group. The local culture can also be understood from the simple that every country has a diverse and different culture which may be similar, but it certainly cannot be the same. Culture is different in many forms and contents that include factors that we can see like language, behavior, dressing and food; and others that we cannot see like beliefs and values. With the advent of Globalization, the world is now a global village and the technological achievements of this modern time have brought people closer together than ever. This also means that people from different parts of the world and with different cultural backgrounds are working and communicating together. While this is not only interesting, but dealing with people from different cultures requires conscience efforts in knowing the cultural diversities. This can be further be explained with examples like the way we deal...
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...------------------------------------------------- WORKPLACE DIVERSITY ------------------------------------------------- (CULTURAL DIVERSITY) SAZIA KHAN SANJA GM410: FOUNDATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION. INSTRUCTION: ROBERT WOODS Keller Graduate School of Management Introduction: The social composition of the world is changing. And the increasing of the globalization demands more interaction with people from diverse cultures religion and background ever before. As a result of that the demography of the world is changing. The word becomes a single market place. Anyone with a cell phone or access to the internet is a potential customer. In today’s global economy traditional barrier are disappear. So being increasing the opportunity as well as competition if the company wants to compete effectively and globally, Todays Companies need to realize that they longer have choice.it is now essential to be knowledgeable about and be able to communicate with people of different nationalities cultures and religions. Corporation realizes that they must embrace that diversity in the workplace brings. What is Work place Diversity Workplace diversity refers to the variety of differences between people in an organization. That means diversity encompasses race, gender, culture, ethnic group, age, personality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, education, background and more. Diversity not only involves how people perceive themselves, but how they perceive others...
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...NCVER Cross-cultural training and workplace performance Robert Bean Robert Bean Consulting The views and opinions expressed in this document are those of the author/project team and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Australian Government, state and territory governments or NCVER Publisher’s note Additional information relating to this research is available in Cross-cultural training and workplace performance: Support document. It can be accessed from NCVER’s website . To find other material of interest, search VOCED (the UNESCO/NCVER international database ) using the following keywords: cross cultural training; cultural awareness; workplace learning; capacity building; training provider; employee attitude; employer attitude. © Australian Government, 2008 This work has been produced by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) under the National Vocational Education and Training Research and Evaluation (NVETRE) Program, which is coordinated and managed by NCVER on behalf of the Australian Government and state and territory governments. Funding is provided through the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Requests should be made to NCVER. The NVETRE program is based upon priorities approved by ministers with responsibility for vocational education and training (VET)...
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...Institution] 1- Outline Importance of human resource management is now globally recognized and business growth is related to better management of human capital of a company. The present research proposal, henceforth, sets ground to investigate the importance of managing, running, and stabilizing human resource in order for the growth of business. It aims to contribute to the existing research of human resource management (HRM) by organizing secondary sources and relating it specially to the expansion of business across borders that has come to be known as multinational companies operating in a number of different countries (INVESTOR, 2008). The paper also examines various facets and implications of across border business activities that aim to take place majorly due to HR issues such as mergers, acquisition, and so on (Chapman, 2001). Another important aspect of HR and business spreading over the international boundaries is cultural aspects of a specific region, country, or state that a business venture must come to recognized as a valid component. It is important to realize that in the flourishing of withering of a business local culture plays a decisive role. Related to this is the issue of workplace culture where, as in today’s global workplace, workers come from different cultures and backgrounds to work together. Hence it is highly critical to understand their individual status and address the issues of their cultural background in a way to make their capabilities more productive...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0265-1335.htm IMR 28,2 The role of context in assessing international marketing opportunities Susan P. Douglas and C. Samuel Craig Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, New York, USA Abstract Purpose – The choice of which country or countries to enter is a critical decision and needs to be made with considerable care and deliberation. Initial market entry decisions have typically focused on country evaluations based on macro-economic data. While appropriate in providing an initial screening of countries, other factors, notably contextual factors, can provide important insights in assessing international market opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of context at four distinct levels. Design/methodology/approach – The literature on the influence of context on consumption and purchase behavior is reviewed to provide a framework to understand contextual factors as a means to refine entry strategy and develop effective segmentation strategies. Findings – A wide range of contextual factors exert influence on consumption choices and contribute to within-country heterogeneity. These are typically examined at the macro-level, but also need to be examined at the meso-level, micro-level and situational level to fully assess market opportunities and establish viable market segments. Practical implications – Examination of contextual factors...
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...controlled by the individual and must be recognized to understand behavior. Some aspects of behavior are not categorized in this model. An example of this is moral or ethical behavior. The diversity of the human population, such as people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds, can be understood using the strength perspective. This tool can help a person to understand the other person’s ability to communicate with verbal and nonverbal gestures. It recognizes the diversity of these populations and their resources. As a human service worker develops, they can become proficient in the cross culture communication. This assists in communicating with different families, groups, individuals, or communities. To be proficient in communicating with ethnically diverse populations some key skills of listening and observing are required. This includes learning about the client’s beliefs, traditions, and cultures. Learning about the client’s cultural beliefs and traditions creates a cultural competence. This includes a list of skills which includes behaviors and attitudes towards the different cultures in their client ethnic make-up. Some focuses on a culturally diverse population are common issues. These issues can be health...
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...profile of these people will be defined as well as the tools in which they will be selected. Oxylane seeks people with diverse skills, therefore our target market and redefinition of choice in recruiting will be from the external market through the direct channel by using the tools of advertisement and media, internet, executive search, and schools and universities (career day) because this gives us a wider pool to select from applicants and we have access to diverse skills, talents and new ideas that we require although this process can be quiet complex and expensive,...
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...The third aspect of multicultural counseling I am going to look at is on the issues of gender differences The group members presenting this topic defined gender as what is culturally assumed as femininity and masculininity. According to Deustch (2007). Gender refers to social attributes and opportunities associated with being male or female and the relationship between men and women, boys and girls which are learnt through socialization. Boys and girls are socialized differently. Gender socialization refers to norms, behaviuor and attitudes considered appropriate for given sex by society. Boys learn to be boys and girls to be girls. For example, girls are expected to play with dolls and boys with toy cars. Girls are praised for being neat while boys are encouraged to think independently and be active and speak up. Boys learn to manipulate their social and physical environment through physical strength while girls present themselves as objects to be viewed. Howell (1981) cited by McLeod (1998) points out that the basic assumption of feminists is that the great majority of cultures women are systematically oppressed and exploited. MacKinnon(1982) also cited by MacLeod(1998) noted that the female gender stereotype is the gender socialization process through which women internalized themselves as sexual beings that exists for men.. Due to gender socialization the group found themselves facing workplace discrimination such as acceptance for typical male for manual labour while...
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...13-15 and 60-61 e. Week 9ab: - Core text Ch. 14 & 15 - Core text Ch 16 pp.482-504 f. Week 11: - Core Text, Chapter 19, Pages 592-606 II. Other Book: a. Week 3a3b: - Read Moffet, M., Stonehill, A. & Eiteman, D. (2006) Fundamentals of Multinational Finance, Chapter 11, 12 & 13. - Deutsche Banks Global Registered Shares (pp.332-333). - Tirstup Biomechanics (Denmark): Raising Dollar Debt (pp.357-359) b. Week 5b - Sanyal (2001). International Management: A Strategic Perspective (Prentice Hall), Ch.2, pp.66-77 c. Week 6ab: - Read Moffet, M., Stonehill, A. & Eiteman, D. (2006) Fundamentals of Multinational Finance, Chapter 20 & Read Stanley Works & Corporate Inversion (pages 541-545) d. Week 7a 7b: - Moffat, Stonehill & Eiteman (2006). Fundamentals of Multinational Finance, Ch.19 - Gardner & Weirich (1992). Business Investigations: How CFOs can manage risk through information, Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, Vol.10, Issue 1, (pp.129-139). - Madura & Fox (2007). International Financial Management, Ch. 19, pp.652, 659-661 e. Week 8a : - Chetty, S. & Campbell-Hunt, C. (2004) ‘A Strategic Approach to Internationalization: A Traditional Versus a “Born-Global” Approach’, Journal of International Marketing, 12 (1), pp. 57-81. - Knight, G. A. (2001) ‘Entrepreneurship and strategy in the international SME’, Journal of International Marketing, Vol. 7, pp. 155-171. - Moen, O. & Servais, P. (2002) ‘Born Global or Gradual Global? Examining the Export...
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...Cross-Cultural Perspectives Isaiah Johnson ETH/316 Dr. Steward February 4th, 2016 HALLIBURTON HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES Introduction In 1919, Halliburton one of America / World’s largest providers of products and services to the oil and gas industry changed the nation. Halliburton employs over 65,000 people, and represents 140 nationalities in over 80 countries. Establishing extraordinary foreign relationships and qualities in the global sector, Halliburton growth in foreign culture exceeded all expectations. Halliburton innovative focus and expansions place Haliburton in position to increase profit and demand worldwide. Founder Erie P. Halliburton barrowed a wagon, mules, pump and built a wooden mixing box to start his very own oil well cementing business in Duncan, Oklahoma. In 1930 Halliburton took off, opening other services related in the oil & gas industry taking the company to new heights with offshore cementing and rigs in the Gulf of Mexico. Steps toward becoming worldwide in 1926 resulted in the sales of oil equipment to English companies in Burman, Alberta, Canada, Eastern Hemisphere operations and later Venezuela in 1940. By 1946, the company – using its innovative technology – had expanded into Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and the Middle East and began performing services for the Arabian-American Oil Company, the forerunner of Saudi Aramco. In 1951, Halliburton made its first appearance in Europe as Halliburton...
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...International Journal of Business and Management; Vol. 7, No. 16; 2012 ISSN 1833-3850 E-ISSN 1833-8119 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Cross-Cultural Etiquette and Communication in Global Business: Toward a Strategic Framework for Managing Corporate Expansion Ephraim Okoro1 1 School of Business, Howard University, Washington, USA Correspondence: Ephraim A. Okoro, Department of Marketing, School of Business, Howard University, 2600–Sixth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, USA. Tel: 1-202-806-1545. E-mail: eaokoro@howard.edu Received: March 22, 2012 doi:10.5539/ijbm.v7n16p130 Abstract The expanding scope of business corporations in the first decade of the twenty-first century is drawing much scholarly attention, and the trend has been described as a fact of life that defies the stretch of human imagination. The concept of global economy has expanded consumer awareness, defined new standards and rules of operations, and increased the need for national and corporate interdependence. Multinational organizations are exploring opportunities around the world, demonstrating sensitivity towards cultural differences in order to gain from the proliferation and growth of international enterprise. Recent studies indicate that while some corporations compete successfully in the global marketplace, others have failed to sustain their competitive advantage because of cultural imperialism or inadequate acculturation of their managers on international assignment...
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...Cross Cultural Studies Management Diversity February 25, 2012 As companies are becoming more and more diverse its becoming more and more important for companies to understand and manage it. The people of different background, races, religion creates diverse workforce. There is an importance of having diverse workforce to provide better performance. There are perspectives of managing the diverse workforce, which require organization leaders and managers of being responsible of attaining better diverse workforce. Diversity means differences, difference of age, sex, race, religion and culture etc. People with different demographic differences working in the organization makes diverse workforce. And it is becoming more important for the organizations to know about these differences and how to manage it. Diversity is also the common issue in the workforce environment, in some companies employees often get discriminated or misunderstood because of the diverse features. So it is important for the companies to manage the diversity workforce to value best performance. Most important aspect these days is to train the managers to handle the diverse workforce. Many organizations are engaging in activities to manage their employees of different genders, ages, race, sexual orientations, etc. When demographic diversity is valued, all employees, even the non-traditional (i.e., other than white males), are encouraged to participate fully and develop their unique skills and perspectives...
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...Bachelor's thesis Degree Programme In Hospitality Management Hospitality Management 2012 Veera Korjala CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT – How to improve cultural diversity workforce BACHELOR'S THESIS | ABSTRACT TURKU UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree Programme In Hospitality Management | Hospitality Management 2012 | 64 Susanna Saari Veera Korjala CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT The bachelor´s thesis investigates cultural diversity in the hospitality management. It aims at presenting effective ways to improve cultural diversity in a workplace. This study was commissioned by JW Marriott San Antonio Hill Country Resort & Spa in Texas, USA and three hotels in Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA: Atherton Hotel, Hampton Inn & Suites and Residence Inn. The bachelor´s thesis incorporates culture theories and their applications to the workplace. Additionally, it focuses on cultural diversity dimensions in hospitality workplace, such as its benefits and challenges, its reflection in the work environment which have been related to the organization’s cultural diversity management. Eventually it provides solutions, such as a corporate strategic plan which focuses on the improvement of cultural diversity in the workplace by means of cultural diversity training. These best practices of cultural diversity are discussed in detail both in the literature review and in the study. The bachelor’s thesis has used two research methods, both qualitative and quantitative...
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...Media in Cross Cultural Marketing Studying the Case of Cross-Cultural Management Shaima Alwardi Table of Contents 1. Title ........................................................................................................................................ 3 2. Background ............................................................................................................................ 4 3. Presentation and Critical Review of the Literature and Theories used .................................... 6 4. Project Proposal and Objectives ...........................................................................................11 5. Research Plan and Methodology ..........................................................................................13 6. Empirical Facts and Finding ..................................................................................................17 7. Analysis and Discussion........................................................................................................18 8. Overall Conclusion ................................................................................................................21 Reference .................................................................................................................................23 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................25 Effects of Social Medua in Cross Culturl...
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...Papers/Capstones 12-2008 Managing cultural diversity in hospitality industry Yi Gong University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Hospitality Administration and Management Commons Repository Citation Gong, Yi, "Managing cultural diversity in hospitality industry" (2008). UNLV Theses/Dissertations/Professional Papers/Capstones. Paper 480. This Professional Paper is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Scholarship@UNLV. It has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses/ Dissertations/Professional Papers/Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact digitalscholarship@unlv.nevada.edu. 1 MANAGING CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY by Yi Gong Bachelor of Science China Chongqing University 1998 A professional paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science in Hotel Administration William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas December 2008 2 ABSTRACT Managing Cultural Diversity in Hospitality Industry By Yi Gong Gail Sammons, Committee Chair Professor of Hotel Management University of Nevada, Las Vegas Cultural diversity has become a major issue in the hospitality industry of the United States. This paper focuses on analyzing the change faces and current status of the cultural diversity in the hospitality...
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